U-Evgeny Tyustin, omele i-GRIMME-RUS esifundeni sase-Ural Federal
Isifunda Sverdlovsk sisekuhlanganeni kwezingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba - i-Europe ne-Asia. Lesi sifunda siphethwe yisimo sezulu esishisayo sezwekazi, esibonakala ebusika obude obubandayo, imvula enkulu kanye noshintsho olubukhali lokushisa. Zonke lezi zinto azinawo umthelela omuhle emiphumeleni yemisebenzi yezolimo: isifunda singesendawo yokulima okuyingozi.
Naphezu kwezimo zezulu, amapulazi amaningi agxile ekukhuleni amazambane esifundeni saseSverdlovsk anenzuzo futhi athuthuka ngempumelelo, yize ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-90s - ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-2000 lesi sitshalo besingenaso isivuno esikhulu, futhi umkhombandlela wamazambane esifundeni ubuthathwa njengomholo ophansi futhi awuthembisi.
Namuhla kuma-Middle Urals kunenkambiso ebonakalayo ebheke ekukhuleni ngokushesha zombili emkhakheni wemishini yezobuchwepheshe yamabhizinisi ezolimo kanye nezincwadi zokukhiqiza.
Esifundeni saseSverdlovsk, kunamabhizinisi angaba ngu-40, kufaka phakathi amapulazi azimele akhiqiza ngenhloso amazambane ezingeni eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe, ngokuhambisana nomjikelezo ophelele wenqubo yezobuchwepheshe. Ngasikhathi sinye, amapulazi amaningi abampofu aphansi kakhulu ekuhlomiseni abakhiqizi abakhulu ngemishini yesimanje, okuyingxenye edingekayo yempumelelo: esikhathini sethu, ukwenziwa kwebhizinisi kungenye yezidingo zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ukucubungula kanye nokuvuna amazambane, okuthinta ngqo umkhiqizo kanye nokwenza inzuzo.
I-Beloyarsky District
I-AO AIC "Belorechensky" ingelinye lamabhizinisi ahamba phambili kwezolimo esifundeni saseSverdlovsk. Kusukela ngo-1992, iholwa nguVitaly Alexandrovich Dunin.
Umsebenzi ophambili wepulazi ukukhiqizwa kwemifino, ukudla namazambane embewu.
Ngo-1993, ipulazi lombuso laseBelorechensky laguqulwa laba yimbumba yezolimo elalinomkhawulo we-STOO Belorechensky. Ngasikhathi sinye, ipulazi laqala ukusebenzisana nezinkampani ezingamaDashi ukukhiqiza nokutshala imbewu yemifino; ukuthengwa kwemishini emisha yokulima umhlaba nokuvuna.
Indawo yokutshala amazambane epulazini isikhathi esifushane inyuke ukusuka kumahektare ayi-150 kuye kwangama-1100, umthamo wemikhiqizo otshaliwe ukhuphuke kakhulu.
Namuhla, cishe ngamathani ayizinkulungwane ezintathu zamazambane atshalwa eJSC Belorechensky AO, amathani awo angama-3 athengwa minyaka yonke kubazalisi bangaphandle eNetherlands, eJalimane naseFinland.
Inkampani ikhulisa izinhlobo eziyi-12 zamazambane wokuzala okuhlukile nezinsuku zokuvuthwa. Imbewu namazambane we-ware asezingeni eliphakeme futhi adingeka kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi.
Ku-2017, ngesisekelo se-CJSC APK "Belorechensky", isikhungo esisha sokukhetha nokukhulisa imbewu "I-Ural Potato" savulwa. Umsebenzi wesikhungo ukukhiqiza izinhlobo ezethembisayo zokukhethwa kwe-Ural "kusuka kushubhu lokuhlola kuye ensimini", ukuqinisekisa ukufakwa kwezimbewu zamazambane okungeniswa esifundeni sase-Ural.
I-BOGDANOVICH DISTRICT
Ekhuluma ngokutshalwa kwamazambane esifundeni saseSverdlovsk, umuntu ngeke akwazi ukunganaki amapulazi azimele esifundeni saseBogdanovichi: ngokuhlangana bakhiqiza cishe 1/3 wevolumu yamazambane onke esifundeni.
Eminyakeni eyi-10 eyedlule, amabhizinisi amaningi akulesi sifunda asuka emapulazini amancane enza ukuthengiswa kwamazambane “kusuka enkampanini” kuya ezinkampanini zesimanje ezinobuchwepheshe bamuva.
Phakathi kwabo, IP KFH Popova Anna Alexandrovna. Ipulazi laqala ukusebenza ngonyaka ka-2008 ngamanani amancane okukhiqiza. Namuhla, ipulazi likhulisa amazambane endaweni engamahektare angama-600.
Eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule, imikhumbi yemishini yokwenza amazambane ibuyekeziwe futhi yanda, okwenze ukuthi bakwazi ukutshala futhi bavune amazambane ngohlaka olufushane lwe-agronomic time. Ngomthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza, ipulazi laqala ukudinga indawo yokugcina impahla yesimanje, ngonyaka we-2017 kwakhiwa isitolo semifino, kwathengwa ulayini omusha wokugcina umkhiqizo we-GRIMME ukuwuhlomisa.
Kude ne-IP KFH Popova Anna Alexandrovna, edolobhaneni laseBaraba, IP KFH Bessedniy Gennady Grigoryevich itholakala.
Inhloko yepulazi yaqala imisebenzi yayo eminyakeni engaphezu kwe-10 edlule futhi njengamanje ingomunye wabakhiqizi bezolimo abaphumelela kakhulu esifundeni. Ngo-2013, umvuni wokuqala we-GRIMME SE 260 eRussia walethwa epulazini labampofu, okwasheshisa kakhulu inqubo yokuvunwa kwamazambane esezingeni eliphakeme.
I-TUGULYM DISTRICT
I-LLC "Raduga" yesifunda saseTugulym itholakala emngceleni wezifunda zaseSverdlovsk naseTyumen. Umlando wayo waqala eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-10 eyedlule, ngamahektha ayi-150 omhlaba olimekayo, ogandaganda abathathu kanye nesethi encane yamathuluzi okulima amazambane akhulayo. Kusuka kwizakhiwo, ipulazi lalinenqola encane, manje eseyinto ekhumbulekayo yebhizinisi. Namuhla leli pulazi ligxile ekukhuleni amazambane, imifino, izitshalo zokusanhlamvu endaweni engaphezu kwamahektha angama-4000.
Selokhu kwasungulwa leli bhizinisi, umqondisi walo unomphela uNikolai Fedorovich Parygin, Umsebenzi Ohlonishwayo Wezolimo waseRussia Federation. Ngaphansi kobuholi bukaNikolai Fedorovich, ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile bethulwa ngempumelelo kwezomnotho. Umdwebo webhizinisi ufaka abatshali abasebenza kakhulu GRIMME GL-430, abavuni bamazambane SE 150-60, SE 260. Kwakhiwe isitolo samanje semifino esinamandla amathani angama-4, afakwe imishini yokuqandeka neyokupholisa umoya.
Ural Polesie LLC, esifundeni saseTugulymsky
Le nkampani yasungulwa ngo-1999. Ikhethekile kwezilimo ezikhulayo namazambane. Imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme ingatholwa ngokubonga ngendlela yesayensi kwezolimo okwenziwa epulazini. Minyaka yonke, i-Ural Polesie itenga imbewu yamazambane elite yokuvuselela okuhlukahlukene. Ochwepheshe kwezomnotho bahlala behlaziya inhlabathi futhi bakhe amasu okuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomhlaba. Ngakho-ke, emasimini ahloselwe ukukhulisa amazambane, kumanyolo umgquba usetshenzisiwe; Ukulima komhlaba kwenziwa ngamakhuba e-chisel.
Enye imfihlo ebalulekile yokuphumelela kwe- "Ural Polesye" ukuvuselelwa njalo kwemikhumbi yemishini. Muva nje, ipulazi selithenge izakhiwo zokugaya kanye nabavuni bamazambane abenziwe yi-GRIMME, okukhuphule kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwabasebenzi futhi kwehlisa isikhathi sokuvuna amazambane.
Inkampani inezitayela zamazambane zanamuhla ezinomthamo wamathani ayi-10, okuvumela ukugcina imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu unyaka wonke.
Amazambane atshalwe emasimini e-Ural Woodland ayathengiswa kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe, kubandakanya iMoscow, iTyumen, iSurgut, Khanty-Mansiysk, Nadym nezinye.
Ukufingqa, angikwazi nje kuphela ukuqaphela umkhuba wamanje, ongalandelwa ngokwesibonelo samapulazi amaningi esifundeni: amabhizinisi ezolimo aya ngokuya esebenza ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina, kithi, amazambane, hhayi ngokubeka ubungako phambili. Ngakho-ke, ngisho nenani elincane kakhulu lokukhiqizwa kwezolimo, amapulazi esifundeni Sverdlovsk anethuba lokuthola inzuzo ephezulu.