NgoJanuwari 2024, kwaba nolunye uhambo lwezamabhizinisi, olwaluhlelwe ngumagazini wethu ngokusekelwa yi-Potato Union kanye nengosi ye-POTATOES NEWS. Kulokhu, i-India isiphenduke indawo eheha ochwepheshe bezimboni zaseRussia.
Abahambi bavakashela izwe elihlukile, lapho ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu buhambisana namasiko eminyaka eyinkulungwane.
Phakathi nohambo, leli qembu lathola ukuthi amazambane eNdiya atshalwa ngokuyinhloko amapulazi amancane, lapho ukutshala nokuvuna kuvame ukwenziwa ngesandla. Kodwa ukucutshungulwa kwesivuno kwenziwa ngamabhizinisi anamandla anamuhla akhiqiza umthamo omkhulu wemikhiqizo.
Abahlanganyeli bezokuvakasha kwezamabhizinisi bavakashele ihhovisi le-Technico Agri Sciences Limited, inkampani egxile ekukhiqizeni imbewu yamazambane yokuqala kanye nesezingeni eliphezulu. Abantu baseRussia bahlola ilabhorethri yebhizinisi lapho kukhiqizwa khona imbewu enempilo futhi bathola ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobo zezitshalo ezivame kakhulu ezweni.
Iqembu belithakasela kakhulu uhambo olufushane lwamapulazi amaNdiya: Ochwepheshe baseRussia bakwazile ukuhamba emasimini lapho kutshalwa khona imbewu namazambane amatafula futhi babheka izindawo zokugcina imifino zendawo.
Abantu bakithi bavakashele enye yezinkampani ezinkulu zaseNdiya ezikhiqiza imishini yezolimo. Inkampani ye-Mahindra ingumholi owaziwayo ekukhiqizeni ugandaganda futhi inikeza abalimi amanye amayunithi adingekayo.
At Natural Storage Solution Pvt. Ltd. (NSSPL), ethuthukisa izinhlelo zeziqandisi zezimboni, amaRussia abona okokusebenza kokukhiqiza amafrimu aqandisiwe nama-hashbrown aphuma emigqeni yokuhlanganisa.
Ukuvakasha kwe-University of Agricultural Sciences Bengaluru kusivumele ukuba sifunde ngezindawo eziyinhloko zocwaningo lwenhlangano yesayensi, okuhlanganisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, i-biotechnology, ezolimo ngokunemba, ukuzalanisa kwangaphambili nokunye. Abavakashi bebhizinisi bathathwe ngamalabhorethri amanyuvesi kanye nezindawo zokubonisa ukushisa.
Esizeni sokukhiqiza se-KF Biotech Pvt Ltd, esizinikele ekukhiqizeni imbewu yamazambane nokutshalwa kukabhanana, abahambi bafunda ukuthi ilabhorethri yezitshalo ezincane kakhulu isebenza kanjani. Lapha izihambeli zithole ithuba lokuqhathanisa ubuchwepheshe bamaNdiya nowaseRussia bokuthola inzalo yamazambane engenagciwane.
Uhambo olunohlelo lwebhizinisi oluqine kakhulu lushiye imibono eminingi. Abahlanganyeli ohambweni lwaseNdiya bazihlanganyela ngokuzithandela nomlobeli wengosi kamagazini.
Ekaterina Balashova, Inhloko ye-ejensi yokubonisana "Northern Star", esifundeni saseKrasnodar:
– Ngaya kulolu hambo njenge-ejenti yomsebenzi wezomnotho wangaphandle. Bengibhekene nomsebenzi wokweseka ukuhwebelana okungenzeka ukuthi abahlanganyeli bakhona bangaphetha.
Abaphathi nochwepheshe bezinkampani umsebenzi wabo ohlobene nebhizinisi lamazambane babenentshisekelo ekuthengeni kwembewu, imishini yokucubungula, imikhiqizo eqediwe, kanye nokuthengisa izimpahla zabo.
Phakathi nohambo, sakhuluma ngokubaluleka kokulandela zonke izinqubo ezingokomthetho, ukubaluleka kwamadokhumenti ahambisana nokuthengiselana, izici zokubulawa kwawo, namaphuzu ayinhloko okufanele anakwe ngokukhethekile.
Ngicabanga ukuthi usizo lwami lochwepheshe beluwusizo kwabanye ababambi qhaza. Futhi nakuba zingekho izivumelwano zokubambisana ezasayinwa nohlangothi lwaseNdiya, ozakwabo baseRussia bacabangele amathuba okuthenga imishini namazambane embewu esikhathini esizayo, babala ukuba nokwenzeka kokuthengwa okunjalo kanye nezindleko ezihambisanayo.
Uhambo lwavula ama-horizons amasha ebhizinisini lami. Imihlangano namakhanda okukhathazeka okukhulu iphenduke yaba mnandi kakhulu futhi ilusizo. Izinkampani ezidume umhlaba wonke njengeTechnico Agri Sciences Limited kanye neMahindra zisebenza ngaphandle kwamazwe azo. Ukuxhumana nezinhloko zeminyango yabo yezohwebo zangaphandle abanentshisekelo yokuthola ozakwethu emakethe yaseRussia kuzosivumela ukuthi sandise ukubambisana phakathi kwamazwe ethu maduze nje.
UMikhail Michurin, I-Chief Agronomist ye-ZAO Samara-Solana, Isifunda sase-Samara:
– Inhloso yohambo lwami lokuya eNdiya bekuwukujwayelana nemboni yokutshala amazambane yaleli zwe. Ngangifuna ngempela ukwazi ukuthi bahlela kanjani ukukhiqizwa nokukhetha kwembewu, nokuthi ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo ngamakhemikhali kuhlelwa kanjani. Ngiphinde ngaba nentshisekelo yokuthi kungenzeka kuphothulwe izinkontileka zokuhlinzekwa kwembewu ephezulu yokukhiqiza eRussia.
Kuvele kwangidonsa amehlo ukuthi ngisho nasemabhizinisini amakhulu, anamandla okutshala amazambane kunemisebenzi eminingi yezandla. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, njengoba i-India ayinabo ukuntula abasebenzi. Kodwa ngisakholelwa ukuthi ukwenziwa kwemishini kanye ne-automation yezolimo kuyasheshisa futhi kuthuthukisa zonke izinqubo futhi kusiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo.
Kwangimangaza ukuthi kunamapulazi imisebenzi yawo ehlanganisa wonke umjikelezo wokusebenza ngamazambane: ukusuka ekukhuliseni isivuno se-in vitro ukuya ekuthengiseni amashibhisi namafrimu. Angikaze ngikubone okufana nalokhu lapha eRussia.
Ngenxa yohambo, sakwazi ukufunda okuningi ngomsebenzi wozakwethu baseNdiya kanye nezici zokuthuthukiswa kokutshala amazambane endawo. Kodwa ukuxhumana phakathi kwethimba lethu kuphenduke kwaba usizo kakhulu. Ngahlangana nabantu abathakazelayo abatshala amazambane futhi ngahlangana nabangane abahle bakudala.
Ngenkathi siseNdiya, sasihlala sikhuluma ngamaqiniso aseRussia, siphikisana ngezinkinga zemboni nezindlela zokuzixazulula. Sishintshisane ngemibono ngezinhlobo zamazambane ngazinye nokuthi zisebenza kanjani ezifundeni ezihlukene zaseRussia. Sixoxe ngobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izitshalo kuye ngokuthi zikhula kanjani.
Lolu hambo lusinikeze ithuba lokuthi singagcini nje ngokusebenza ngokunezithelo nokufunda okuthile, kodwa futhi nokuba siphumule kahle futhi “siqalise kabusha.” Futhi lapho sibuyela ekhaya, siqala isizini elandelayo ngamandla amasha, imicabango nemibono emisha.
U-Olga Molyanova, umphathi we-Molyanov Agro Group LLC (MAG), esifundeni saseSamara:
- Uhambo oluya eNdiya, ngaphezu kwezinjongo zomsebenzi, lwaluhloselwe ukucebisa ulwazi lwami lwamasiko nokwandisa ulwazi lwami lomuntu siqu. Futhi kwaba yimpumelelo kuzo zonke izindawo.
Ukuqhubeka nokuvakasha, ngahlela ukufunda izindlela nobuchwepheshe bokutshala amazambane ezweni engingalazi. Futhi ngizosho zisuka nje ukuthi okwangihlaba umxhwele kakhulu kwakuyizinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo ezitshalwa lapha, izici zendawo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kwazo.
Ngokungafani neRussia, ezolimo zaseNdiya zakhiwe ikakhulukazi abalimi abancane abalima iziqephu zomhlaba ezinesilinganiso esingaphansi kwamahektha amane. Bavuna izitshalo ezihlukahlukene izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngonyaka.
Leli zwe linezimo zezulu ezihluke ngokuphelele, futhi isimiso sokuklanywa kwendawo siyasebenza kwezolimo. Ngakho-ke, ezindaweni ezisenyakatho, kukhiqizwa ikakhulukazi imbewu, futhi amazambane atshalwa engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeNdiya asetshenziselwa ukucubungula.
Ohambweni lwebhizinisi, ngathola ulwazi olubalulekile lokusebenzelana nabalimi nochwepheshe baseNdiya. Ngikwazile ukubona izibonelo zokusungula izinto eziyimpumelelo kanye nokujwayela ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane ngokwemibandela ehlongozwayo.
Ithimba lethu likwazile ukuvakashela izindawo eziningi ezithakazelisayo: izinkundla, izindawo zesayensi nezokukhiqiza, amalabhorethri, nezindawo zokugcina. Sazibonela ngawathu umsebenzi wezinkampani ezaziwayo njengeTechnico Agri Sciences Limited kanye neMahindra.
Ngemuva kokuvakasha kwabo, amalungu ethimba axoxisana ngenkuthalo ngakubonile futhi abelana ngemibono yawo. Futhi-ke, baphikisana ngokuthi kungenzeka yini ukusebenzisa ulwazi lwamaNdiya ezweni lakithi.
UDenis Pavlyuk, inhloko yebhizinisi labalimi (ipulazi) esifundeni saseNovgorod:
- Kwakuyithuba elihle kakhulu lokuvakashela izwe elisha, ukuhlanganisa uhambo lwezokuvakasha nohambo lomsebenzi, ngisho nasenkampanini yochwepheshe kanye nabantu abanomqondo ofanayo.
Ngaphambilini, besivele sisebenzisana ne-Technico Agri Sciences Limited kanye ne-Mahindra, sithenga kuzo izimbewu zamazambane. Ukusebenzisana kwathatha iminyaka eminingana saze saba nohlelo lwethu lokukhiqiza i-mini-tuber. Futhi lapho ngikhuluma endaweni yawo, ngabona isithakazelo samaNdiya koxhumana nabo bebhizinisi.
Ukuvakasha engangikuthanda kakhulu kwaba edolobheni lase-Bangalore, lapho iNyuvesi Yesayensi Yezolimo kanye ne-KF Biotech Pvt Ltd, inkampani etshala amazambane nobhanana. Njengoba kwenzeka, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo ukuze kukhiqizwe izilimo ezihlukahlukene, futhi kwakumangaza.
Ngaba nokuqiniseka ukuthi izindlela zaseRussia naseNdiya zokutshala amazambane zifana kakhulu. Kodwa ezweni lethu leli bhizinisi lenziwa ngezinga elihlukile: ngamapulazi amakhulu, ezindaweni ezinkulu. Futhi emasimini wendawo asizange sihlangane nogandaganda owodwa onamandla angaphezu kwamahhashi angu-100, futhi umsebenzi wezandla wawusetshenziswa yonke indawo.
Sabona nobuchwepheshe obabuhluke kakhulu kobethu. Ngaphezu kwezindawo ezijwayelekile zokugcina imifino ezifana nalezo zaseRussia, izakhiwo ezibukeka zakudala ezinezitezi eziningi "ezihlonyiswe" ngamapulangwe namashalofu zivamile eNdiya.
Nganginesithakazelo ngempela ekukhiqizweni kwendawo kwemishini yokuqandisa, ukuthosa nokucubungula amazambane, kanye nemishini yokugcina impahla. Uma kuphakama umbuzo mayelana nokuthenga ulayini onjalo wepulazi lethu, mhlawumbe sizobheka i-India njengendawo engase ibe umphakeli.
U-Roman Yatsumira, Umqondisi we-Foreign Economic Activity LLC "ChemAgro", uphawu lokuhweba BINOM, esifundeni saseKrasnodar:
- Uhambo lwebhizinisi oluya e-India lwangikhanga ngethuba lokuxhumana nezingcweti embonini yamazambane. Izwe ngokwalo lalithakasela kakhulu, kanye nethuba lokungena emakethe yaseNdiya nezidakamizwa zenkampani yethu.
Ngaphezu kokubamba iqhaza ohlelweni oluyinhloko lwebhizinisi, ngiphinde ngaba nemihlangano ngohlelo lomuntu ngamunye. Ehlangene nethimba, uvakashele amabhizinisi amakhulu namapulazi, waphinde wabamba izingxoxo nabakhiqizi bakamanyolo, izinkampani ezisabalalisa imikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo kanye nomanyolo.
Ohambweni ngafunda izinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo nezingajwayelekile. E-India, basebenzisa izixazululo zokuqala zobuchwepheshe nezobuchwepheshe, futhi banendlela ehlukile yokutshala nokugcina imbewu yamazambane ukuze icutshungulwe.
Izindlela zokusebenza zabalimi bendawo, ekuboneni kuqala, zilula, kodwa empeleni ziyasebenza. Kuyakhombisa ukuthi bahlela kanjani izindawo zabo zokugcina izitshalo. Lesi sibonelo sibonisa ukuthi emabhizinisini amancane akuzona zonke izinqubo ezidinga ukuba yinkimbinkimbi; kwezinye izimo, ukulula kuyazuzisa kuphela. Izinga lochwepheshe labalimi baseNdiya liphezulu kakhulu, futhi imiphumela yomsebenzi wabo esiwubone emasimini iyakuqinisekisa lokhu.
Ezinyangeni ezedlule ngivakashele amazwe amane aseMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Asia. Ngicabanga ukuthi manje iMpumalanga isiba isiqondiso esithembisayo seRussia ngokusungula izibopho zebhizinisi nokuthuthukisa ukuxhumana ebhizinisini lezolimo. Imakethe yase-Asia isithembisa ikusasa elihle; sidinga ukuthembela kuyo futhi sakhe ubudlelwano besikhathi eside lapha.
Ngibonga kakhulu kubahleli ngezinga eliphezulu nendlela ecatshangelwayo yohambo, ngohlelo olucebe kangaka. Kungijabulise kakhulu ukuzwa izitatimende zozakwethu baseRussia ezindabeni zamanje zokutshala amazambane nokuthola imibono yabo ngezinga lokukhiqizwa kwezolimo eNdiya. Futhi ukuxhumana nabamele izinkampani zezolimo kuleli zwe kusinike ithuba lokukhulisa ama-horizons ethu, sithole ulwazi olusha, futhi sishintshisane ngolwazi.
U-Vasily Belenky, isazi sezitshalo zembewu e-Vi Fry LLC, esifundeni sase-Lipetsk:
- Lolu hambo lukwazile ukuhlanganisa uhambo olujabulisayo nohlelo lwebhizinisi olucebile. Abahlanganyeli bohambo bajabulele i-exotica yaseNingizimu Asia futhi bakwazi ukuhlola izinga lokukhula kwamazambane aseNdiya: ukusuka ekukhiqizeni imbewu eyisisekelo kuya ekucutshungulweni.
Konke esasikubona kwakuhlobana ngokushesha nalokho esasikujwayele eRussia. Ngokubheka ukuthi i-India ingomunye wabaholi bezimboni, bengifuna ukucacisa indawo yami emhlabeni wamazambane futhi ngiqonde ukuthi hlobo luni lwekusasa okufanele sithembele kulo.
Cishe eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, inkampani yethu yathenga izilimo eziyizigaxa ezincane zaseNdiya ezitshalwe kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bazo bakudala, emhlabathini kakhukhunathi kanye nohlelo lwe-aeroponic. Kepha eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukutshala amazambane asekhaya kuye kwaqhubekela phambili, futhi sihlangabezane nezidingo zama-95% zembewu yethu sisebenzisa izinto zaseRussia.
Mina ngokwami ngalincoma iqiniso lokuthi amafekthri ase-India afakwe imigqa yawo yokukhiqiza yekhwalithi eyamukelekayo. Kudingeka futhi silwele lokhu, ngoba kuze kube manje isabelo sengonyama semishini, imishini, izingxenye, nama-reagents sithunyelwa eRussia kusukela eNtshonalanga.
Ngokuqondene nezindawo zokugcina izinto zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu, udaba lokuzihlomisa nalo luxazululwa ngomkhiqizo wangaphakathi. Ngenkathi siqhubeka nokungenisa zonke izinto zobunjiniyela, amaNdiya ayazenzela. Azinciki ezintweni ezivela phesheya, zihlele ukukhiqizwa kwazo ngesikhathi esifushane futhi zonge imali ebalulekile. Ngicabanga ukuthi ngokwezimboni sebenamandla kakhulu kunathi.
Kodwa sinezinzuzo zethu, okokuqala - izimo zezulu, izindawo ezinkulu kanye nenhlabathi evundile, enikeza amathuba okukhula kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. Futhi isisekelo sesayensi saseRussia, kubonakala kimi, manje sesethulwe ngokwanele. Zingaki izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo ezihlukahlukene ezakhiwa abalimi, futhi eziningi zazo zibanga ukuncintisana okukhulu kwezaseNtshonalanga.
Nadezhda Grigorieva, I-Chief Accountant I-Molyanov Agro Group LLC (“MAG”), isifunda saseSamara:
– Uhambo oluya eNdiya lwangithinta kakhulu. Ukuhlelwa kohambo ngokwalo kanye nohambo lwebhizinisi olwenziwa ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalo kufanele ukutuswa okukhulu.
Nomaphi lapho sasivakashela khona, njenge-Bangalore University of Agricultural Sciences, sasitshelwa ngomsebenzi owenziwa lapho. Ukuboniswa kwezinto ezizuziwe, amalabhorethri, izinto zokusebenza, nezindawo zokugcina kwakuyimpoqo. Ngisho nokufakwa kwezici zezinqubo ze-agronomic, enginokuxhumana okungaqondile kuzo, kwakuthakazelisa ngempela.
Ngesikhathi ngijwayelana nebhizinisi lamazambane, ngokoqobo yonke into yangimangaza! Kuleli lizwe abalimi izindawo ezinkulu njengezethu. Umlimi waseNdiya angahlakulela indawo elingana nekamelo elingamamitha angu-25 futhi akhulise ngempumelelo amazambane kuso. Ngezindleko zesilimo, uyaziphakela yena noma ahambise isivuno endaweni ekhethekile yokusabalalisa.
Abalimi bendawo basebenzisa ikakhulukazi imisebenzi yezandla futhi basebenzisa amathuluzi ezolimo alula. Izindawo zokugcina imifino zabalimi abaningi baseNdiya zifakwe kuphela amashalofu namaladi okhuni. Baphakamisa amanetha asindayo ngama-tubers emakhanda abo, ngaphandle kokusebenzisa usizo lwezindlela zobuchwepheshe.
Kuyamangaza ukuthi amaNdiya asebenza emhlabeni akwazi ukuthuthukisa ezolimo ngaphandle kokutshala imali eningi kuwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlinzeka ngemikhiqizo yekhwalithi hhayi kuphela kumthengi wokugcina, kodwa futhi embonini yokucubungula ethuthukisiwe.
U-Irina Berg