Indawo: 18 sq. km
Inani labantu: Bangu-1 abantu, abangama-197% kubo bangabahlali bedolobha.
Isikhundla sendawo: Iriphabhulikhi itholakala empumalanga ye-East European Plain, ikakhulukazi osebeni lwesokudla lweVolga, phakathi kwemingenela yayo iSura kanye neSviyaga.
Isimo sezulu izwekazi elipholile elinezinkathi zonyaka ezihlukile, ezibonakala ngobusika obuneqhwa nehlobo elishisayo. Imvula iwa kakhulu ebusika nasehlobo (kusuka ku-450 kuya ku-550 mm ngonyaka).
Impumuzo: eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezihlukahlukene. Engxenyeni ye-republic kunezindawo eziphakeme kanye nemigodi, imihosha ejulile, amagquma endunduma, izindawo eziphansi ezinamaxhaphozi.
Inhlabathi: i-chernozem, ihlathi elimpunga, i-sod-podzolic, ingxenye ye-alluvial. Okuthandwa kakhulu kwezolimo ama-chernozems, kepha isabelo sabo siphansi.
Indawo yomhlaba wezolimo: 934,6 izinkulungwane zamahektha.
IRiphabhulikhi yaseChuvashia ingenye yezindawo ezikhiqiza amazambane eziphambili endaweni yase-Non-Chernozem yaseRussia, futhi ngokwesiko ithatha isikhundla esiphambili phakathi kwezifunda zeVolga Federal District mayelana nesivuno esikhulu samazambane. Umthamo wokukhiqiza womkhiqizo uyizidingo eziphindwe kabili zezakhamizi zeriphabhulikhi.
Indawo yokutshala amazambane, amahektha ayinkulungwane | |||||
Unyaka we-2019 | Unyaka we-2020 | Unyaka we-2021 | |||
K(F)X | Izinhlangano zezolimo | K(F)X | Izinhlangano zezolimo | K(F)X | Izinhlangano zezolimo |
3,28 | 3,14 | 2,41 | 2,62 | 2,54 | 2,46 |
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi eminyakeni embalwa edlule, amazinga okuqoqwa emkhakheni ohleliwe ebelokhu ehla. Njengakwezinye izifunda eziningi zaseRussia, ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile kwamazambane kwaphawulwa eChuvashia, izintengo zemikhiqizo zehla zafika ezingeni lezindleko nangaphansi, futhi abakhiqizi bezolimo balahlekelwa isithakazelo kulesi sitshalo. Ngo-2021, isidingo samazambane saqala ukukhula, kodwa isimo sezulu savimbela isivuno esihle: izifunda ezikhulayo zamazambane zahlaselwa kakhulu isomiso.
Njengamanje, imakethe ibonakala ngesimo sentengo esihle kubakhiqizi bamazambane nemifino. Mayelana nalokhu, amanye amabhizinisi amakhulu ezolimo anquma ukwandisa indawo yokutshala.
Isivuno esithe xaxa samazambane, izinkulungwane ezimaphakathi | |||||
K(F)X | Izinhlangano zezolimo | ||||
Unyaka we-2019 | Unyaka we-2020 | Unyaka we-2021 | Unyaka we-2019 | Unyaka we-2020 | Unyaka we-2021 |
873,35 | 550,24 | 532,02 | 879,74 | 626,23 | 544,69 |
Isivuno samazambane, c/ha | |||
Unyaka we-2019 | Unyaka we-2020 | Unyaka we-2021 | |
K(F)X | 267,8 | 228,3 | 241,8 |
Izinhlangano zezolimo | 283,3 | 239,6 | 222,6 |
Amabhizinisi akhula amazambane ahamba phambili
Amabhizinisi ezolimo angama-267 asebenza ekutshalweni kwamazambane eRiphabhulikhi, okungama-50 kuwo angahlukaniswa ngokuthi amakhulu (indawo etshalwe ngaphezu kwamahektha angama-32).
Ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko kugxile ezifundeni zikamasipala zaseBatyrevsky, Kozlovsky, Komsomolsky. Babalelwa ku-43,3% wendawo yamazambane emkhakheni omkhulu wempahla (2205 ha).
Ibhizinisi elikhulu elikhulayo lamazambane e-Chuvash Republic libhekwa ngokufanelekile njengeqembu lezinkampani "Inkazimulo kuPotato" (ephethwe ngu-Idiatullin Khasiyatulla Semigullovich). Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlelo zesimanje zokwenza ngcono isimo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokutshala zokukhiqiza okuphezulu kwezinhlobo ezikhiqiza kakhulu zokukhethwa kwasekhaya nezangaphandle - konke lokhu kuyisihluthulelo sebhizinisi eliphumelelayo lamazambane iminyaka engama-20.
Indawo yonke yokulima amazambane ngo-2021 yaba amahektha angama-680.
Amabhizinisi eqembu lezinkampani ahlinzekwa ngezindawo zokugcina amazambane zesimanje ezinezinhlelo ezilawulwayo ze-microclimate. Njalo ngonyaka, ngesisekelo seQembu Lezinkampani, uSuku Lwenkundla Yamazambane lubanjwa ngokubamba iqhaza kwabakhiqizi bemishini yezolimo, abahlinzeki bemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo, nabakhiqizi bezolimo.
Izindawo ezibalulekile zokutshala amazambane zinikezwa minyaka yonke emnothweni wabalimi (ipulazi) likaSemenov Ivan Vasilyevich. Ngo-2021, ipulazi latshala amazambane endaweni engamahektha ayi-190. Ibhizinisi lisebenzisa izinhlelo zokubuyisela kabusha emsebenzini walo, likhuphula umthamo wokulondoloza.
Phakathi kwabaholi mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwamazambane e-republic, umuntu angaphinda abhale ipulazi labalimi (ukulima) likaYamukov Gennady Nikolaevich, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrofirma Istok. Amapulazi asebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili, asebenzisa imishini yesimanje egcwele amandla.
Ingqalasizinda
Ngokuvamile, i-republic inikezwa amandla okugcina amazambane. Isamba sezindawo zokugcina isitoreji sesikhathi esisodwa singamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-180, okudlula kakhulu umthamo wokukhiqiza emkhakheni omkhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kunesidingo sezindawo zokugcina ezivumela ukugcina isikhathi eside (kuze kube ngu-April-May) ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa kwekhwalithi.
Izindlela zokusekela
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwamazambane eRiphabhulikhi, izinhlobo ezilandelayo zokusekelwa zikahulumeni zinikezwa:
- isinxephezelo sengxenye yezindleko zokuthengwa kwembewu ye-elite yezitshalo zezolimo - kufika ku-80% wezindleko;
- ukwesekwa okungahlobene emkhakheni wokukhiqiza izitshalo (ihektare elilodwa lendawo yokutshala);
- uxhaso lokuthengwa kwemishini yezolimo (okuhlanganisa nokuqashisa) - kufika ku-40% wezindleko;
- uxhaso lokuthengwa kwemishini yokubuyiselwa komhlaba - kuze kufike ku-50% wezindleko;
- uxhaso ekusebenzeni komsebenzi wokuthuthukisa ukuvunda kwenhlabathi - kuze kufike ku-90% wezindleko;
- ukubolekwa kwemvume;
- isinxephezelo samaphesenti angama-20 wezindleko eziqondile ezitholwe ukwakhiwa kwezindawo zokugcina amazambane.
Ukuzala nokukhiqiza imbewu
ERiphabhulikhi yaseChuvash, umsebenzi uyaqhubeka ekwakhiweni kwezinhlobo ezintsha zamazambane (abafuyi beChuvash Research Institute of Agriculture benza le ndlela) kanye nokuthola imbewu yekhwalithi ephezulu.
Iqembu lezinkampani "Inkazimulo kuPotato" lisebenzisa iphrojekthi yokudala isikhungo sokukhetha nokutshala imbewu ngesisekelo se-LLC "Agrofirma" Glory to Potato - Yalchiki ". Lesi sitshalo sisebenzisa ilabhorethri yokusabalalisa izitshalo nge-microclonal.
I-Agrofirma Glory to Potato - I-Yalchiki LLC isebenza ngempumelelo ukuze ithole inzalo yokuqala neyoqobo (ama-microplants, ama-minitubers, isizukulwane sokuqala sensimu, i-super-superelite), amazambane embewu eyi-elite (i-superelite, elite).
Njengengxenye yephrojekthi, i-ASK-Yalchiki LLC itshala izinhlobo ezintsha ezithembisayo zasekhaya: i-Meteor, i-Gulliver, i-Flame, i-Krasa Meshchery.
Uhlu lwamapulazi embewu amazambane luhlanganisa neChuvash Research Institute of Agriculture - igatsha leFederal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FANC of the North-East eqanjwe ngo-N.V. Rudnitsky, LLC Agrofirma Slava Potato, LLC Agrofirma Tayabinka, LLC Agrokhmel. Irejista yenziwa minyaka yonke yigatsha le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" e-Chuvash Republic.
Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha
Amabhizinisi amaningana okucubungula amazambane asebenza endaweni ye-republic. Kulezi, ezintathu zisebenza ngokukhethekile ekukhiqizeni isitashi samazambane: i-NPO Promservis JSC (isitashi esingelona ukudla), i-Chuvashenkrakhmal LLC, ne-Poretsky Starch OJSC. Amabhizinisi amabili akhiqiza amazambane omisiwe: i-TAV LLC kanye ne-K (F) Kh Gafarov I.T. Shemurshinsky esifundeni.
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo zinikezwe umnyango wokukhiqiza izitshalo, imishini, ukwenziwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo woMnyango Wezolimo waseRiphabhulikhi yaseChuvash.