Abafuyi baseRussia minyaka yonke bakha izinhlobo ezintsha zamazambane ezithembisayo, kepha izikhungo zesayensi ezikhethekile zivame ukuba nesisekelo esibi kwezobuchwepheshe futhi zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obungalingani kahle, obuthinta izinga lokukhiqizwa kwembewu. Izinkampani ezizimele ezithintekayo ekukhiqizeni imbewu yamazambane engenagciwane nazo zidinga imishini yesimanje, ephumelelayo.
Iphrojekthi ye-Meristema, eqaliswe yinkampani yase-Ural i-NPO Agross, ingasiza abalimi bembewu basekhaya baye ezingeni elisha lobuchwepheshe.
Umongo walo msebenzi ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza amazambane angenagciwane endaweni engayodwa ngenhloso yokukhiqiza imbewu kanye nokuzalanisa ngokushesha. Ubuchwepheshe buzovumela ukusheshiswa kokuhlolwa amandla ezinhlobo ezixubile ezinezinombolo ohlelweni lokuzalanisa, kanye nokwenza imisebenzi eminingi ehlobene nokukhiqizwa kwembewu yasekuqaleni kanye nenqubo yokuzalanisa, okuhlanganisa ukuxutshwa kanye nokukhethwa kwama-clonal.
Le nkampani isebenzela ekuthuthukiseni umugqa wezobuchwepheshe wemishini ekhethekile (imojula ye-aerohydroponic, amadivaysi okukhanyisa, imishini yokulungiselela imbewu nokutshala), kanye nesethi yamasu we-agrotechnological namathuluzi esoftware, avumela ndawonye ukukhiqizwa kwesisekelo esingenagciwane. impahla yembewu yamazambane ngenhloso yokukhiqiza imbewu yokuqala kanye nokukhetha okusheshisiwe:
- Ngesilinganiso sokukhiqiza esiphezulu (ubuncane be-30 mini-tubers ngesitshalo ngasinye se-in vitro, ephakeme ngokuphindwe ka-4,3-6 kunendlela yomdabu yokukhula kwebhodwe).
- Uhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi engenzeka. Ubuchwepheshe buzovumela okungenani imijikelezo yokulima emi-3 ngonyaka wekhalenda.
- Ukugcinwa kalula. Izinga le-automation lingama-90% azo zonke izinqubo ezikhulayo.
- Isikhathi esifushane kakhulu sokuqalisa esingenzeka (ukwethulwa komjikelezo wokukhiqiza).
- Izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi.
Idizayini ekhona ye-module ye-aerohydroponic ye-prototype yenza kube lula ukuthola izilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane nge-coefficient yezingcezu ezingama-50 kuye kwezingama-500 isitshalo ngasinye se-in vitro. Idatha iqinisekiswa iziqephu zendatshana zeKhomishini Yobufakazi Ephakeme ebhalwe ngu
ngokubambisana nochwepheshe abavela eGatsheni lase-Ural le-Russian Academy of Sciences.
Le nkampani isungule isoftware yayo ye-PRIMOCORE, eyenzelwe ukusetshenziswa njengohlelo lokulawula olumaphakathi lwamadivayisi olayini we-PRIMO, enekhono lokuyiqapha ukude nokuyilawula ngendlela ezenzakalelayo.
Njengoba umphathi wephrojekthi u-Alexey Kovalev egcizelela: "Ukuhluka kokufakwa akukho ku-hardware noma ukusetshenziswa kweyunithi yokukhanyisa ekhethekile, kodwa emijikelezweni yokukhiqiza kwezobuchwepheshe. Kulokhu kufakwa, ngokwethiyori, kungenzeka ukukhulisa yonke into: kusuka kuma-strawberries kuya ku-ulethisi, kepha izinhlelo zethu ukuletha emakethe ukusetshenziswa okulula, okulula ukukugcina nokuphatha, imishini ethembekile ezovumela noma yimaphi amabhizinisi. abasebenza emkhakheni wokukhiqizwa kwembewu yamazambane okuqala ukuze bakhule ngokwezidingo zabo inani elidingekayo lezinto eziyisisekelo (ama-mini-tubers), kuyilapho kunciphisa izindleko zabo kanye nekhwalithi ekhulayo. "
Isampula yokuqala yokufakwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-Meristem LAB 40 ekucushweni okuyisisekelo yaqala ukusebenza ngoNovemba 2020 e-Technopark. "University" esifundeni Sverdlovsk. Abahlanganyeli bephrojekthi batshala izitshalo zamazambane ze-vitro zohlobo lweLegend kulokhu kufakwa, okukhethwe yi-Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Urfanitsi Ural Branch ye-Russian Academy of Sciences.
Khona-ke imishini yathuthelwa emagcekeni e-Ural Research Institute of Agriculture, igatsha le-Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center ye-Ural Branch ye-Russian Academy of Sciences, lapho indawo yokubonisa le phrojekthi yayitholakala cishe iminyaka emibili. Umsebenzi ohlangene nososayensi abavela esikhungweni sokukhetha nobuchwepheshe beGatsha lase-Ural le-Russian Academy of Sciences basize ukufeza imiphumela ebalulekile, kodwa i-NPO Agross, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, yanquma ukwenza ngokuzimela.
Ngomhla zingama-31 kuMfumfu, 2023, inkampani yavula ilabhorethri entsha yokuhlola e-Universiteitsky Technopark ukuze ifunde izindlela zokutshala i-biotechnological, kanye nokuziphatha kwezitshalo zamazambane lapho zikhuliswa ezitshalweni ze-vitro ezindaweni zokwenziwa. Kakade ngoNovemba 2, izitshalo zamazambane zazitshalwe ku-vitro ekufakweni okuzenzakalelayo.
Namuhla, amapulatifomu e-Meristem afakwe ezikhungweni zemfundo nocwaningo zikahulumeni eYekaterinburg, eChelyabinsk nase-Irkutsk.
E-Irkutsk Agrarian University, ama-mini-tubers angu-4 atholwe njengengxenye yomjikelezo wokuqala wokukhula. I-coefficient yokukhiqiza izigaxa ezingama-671 isitshalo ngasinye. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyi-58,3 - izingxenyana ezingama-2+ mm, okungukuthi zilungele ukutshala ngomshini. Izinga lokuphindaphinda elizuziwe libhekwa liphezulu kakhulu.
Ukusebenzisana nenyuvesi kuyaqhubeka, ithimba le-NPO "Agross" weluleka abasebenzi basenyuvesi futhi enze ucwaningo lwesayensi oluhlanganyelwe ngokuziphatha kwezinto ezitholiwe. Futhi izisebenzi zasenyuvesi, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zakha iziphakamiso zokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwemishini yesikhulumi se-Meristema.
E-South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing, ukutshalwa kokuqala kwamazambane e-in vitro "emibhedeni" kwenzeka ngo-Okthoba 2023 izitshalo zalezo zinhlobonhlobo ezakhuliswa ngaphakathi kohlaka lohlelo lwe-KSTP zabekwa endaweni yesikhulumi. Inhloso yocwaningo ukufunda ukusabela kwezinhlobonhlobo ekusetshenzisweni kobuchwepheshe bokukhula kwe-aeroponic kukho.
NgoZibandlela wezi-2023, iphrojekthi ye-Meristem Platform, eyathuthukiswa e-NPO Agross, yathola isimo sokuba ngumhlali we-Skolkovo Foundation. Ithimba le-NPO Agross lilindele ukuthi ukwesekwa kwalesi sikhwama kuzovumela iphrojekthi ukuthi isheshise futhi ibe esimeme.
Ngo-2025, inkampani ihlela ukuqala ukukhiqiza amadivaysi ajwayelekile azosetshenziswa ngobuningi. Ukwethulwa kwalolu hlobo lwemishini kuhlelelwe maphakathi nehlobo lika-2024. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inkampani izoqhubeka nokukhiqiza amamodeli wokuhlola wemishini yezikhungo zocwaningo namanyuvesi.