Abalimi nabahlinzeki bokudla basebenziswa ukuphendula ekushintsheni kwezidingo zabathengi. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukukhumbula isikhathi lapho imvelo yabathengi yayishintsha kakhulu njengasezandleni ezintathu zokuvalelwa.
UMkhandlu Wezolimo wase-UK and Horticulture Development Council (AHDB) ubhekisise lezi zinguquko futhi waqokomisa nemingcele ebalulekile egqugquzela ukufunwa.
Lo mbhalo ubhalwe esizeni Izindaba Zamazambane Namuhla, UDavid Swales, iNhloko Yezokuhlaziya Amasu e-AHDB, ufingqa ezinye zezinto ezibalulekile ezakha ukufunwa kwabathengi futhi zibe nomthelela amathemba ezolimo kulo nyaka. AbakwaSwales bayabhala: “Kuze kube muva nje, inkinga enkulu yabathengi kwezolimo kwakuwukuhlonishwa kwezolimo, ikakhulukazi ukukhiqiza inyama nobisi. Ukudla kwezitshalo bekungumqondo wemfashini, futhi intuthuko esimeme nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kwakuyizindawo ezibalulekile. Futhi lezi zinkinga azikashabalali, kepha namuhla ukunakwa kwabantu sekuguqukele ekukhathazekeni kwezezimali okwesikhashana nokwesikhathi eside.
Ngabe ajulile kangakanani amashifu okwakha imfuno yabathengi? Izinto zizoshintsha kanjani njengoba abantu bebuyela ezindleleni zabo ezijwayelekile zokuphila?
Umbono womnotho wembulunga yonke
Ukuqagela komnotho mayelana nemiphumela ye-Covid-19 kuyahlukahluka, kepha bonke abacwaningi bayavuma ukuthi sisekupheleni komnotho omkhulu kusukela ngeminyaka yama-1940s. Izinyathelo ezinje ngohlelo lokuholelwa kukahulumeni kwabasebenzi ngekhefu elingakhokhelwa, oluzuze abantu abayizigidi eziyi-7,5, luvikele abaningi. Kepha isenzo sabo sizophela ngo-Okthoba, ukuntuleka kwamathuba emisebenzi kuzokwenyuka, kuthi inzuzo iwele.
Lokhu kubalulekile kubalimi, abakhiqizi kanye nabaprosesa, ngoba lapho ukuwohloka kwempahla kuqala, abathengi bazoba nemali encane yokusebenzisa. Ngokubheka isilinganiso esilinganiselwe sokuwohloka komnotho, ngilindele lokhu ukuthi kube yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekuziphatheni kwabathengi, okuthinta ukukhetha kohlobo lokudla nendawo ethengwa kuyo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu akuyona "ukujula" kokuwohloka komnotho kuphela, kepha futhi nezinga lokuphuma kukho. Ngempela, ukuwohloka komnotho ngonyaka we-2008 kubonakaliswe ukululama okuhamba kancane, futhi isithombe esifanayo sabeka umthwalo osindayo kubathengi isikhathi eside.
Ukuthenga ngovalo
Siyazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini ukuthi abathengi bashintsha indlela abaziphethe ngayo lapho isabelomali sabo siqinile noma ukuzethemba kwabo ekusaseni eliphephile akulutho kakhulu. Ngokuya ngemininingwane evela kumlandeli wethu we-IGD kanye ne-AHDB, singahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zokuziphatha esesikubonile esikhathini esedlule - kuvame kakhulu ukuziphekela ukudla (ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukudla okulula) nokungajwayele ukukudla ngaphandle kwekhaya. Lokhu ngizokuhlanganisa ngokuningiliziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Kepha okumangazayo ukuthi bangaki abathengi abashintsha indlela yabo yokuthenga ngesikhathi sokuwa komnotho. Izindlela abathengi abasebenzisa ngayo imali yabo zibonisa kakhulu: abantu abanaka kakhulu uhlobo lomkhiqizo, bathenga izinto ezidingekayo kakhulu noma bathenga inqwaba yezimpahla ezitolo ezinkulu ngokuncishiswa okunzima. Vele, selokhu kwehla ukuwohloka kokugcina, sabona ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwezaphulelo ezinzima. Ngokuhambisana nale nkambiso, zonke izitolo ezithengisa impahla zibuye zehlise amanani emizamweni yokwehlisa amakhasimende.
Ukuhlukaniswa sekuvele kuthinte abathengi. I-tracker yabathengi be-AHDB (AHDB / YouGov) kusukela ngo-Ephreli ikhombisa isimo esihlukile kwesabelomali, kuthiwe ingxenye yesithathu yabathengi isho ukuthi sebevele sebeluhlelile uhla lwesabelomali sabo sokudla, kwathi owesithathu wathi abalubhali ushintsho.
Kuze kube manje, imiphumela yezimali ibonakale ingenangqondo: abanye abathengi bebengasebenzi noma bebekeke phansi, kanti abanye bebekhokhelwa ngokuphelele ngentengo ephansi. Ezinyangeni ezizayo, ngilindele ukuthi iqembu elithinteke kabi lizokhula ngosayizi, ngoba yonke imiphumela yokwehla komnotho izotholwa iningi labantu.
Ukuzethemba kwabathengi kwizikhungo zokupheka kuzoncika kuzo zombili izindlela zobude bomphakathi nasekuqiniseni isabelozimali sendlu. Kuzoba nabathengi abambalwa abafuna ukudla ngaphandle kwekhaya, futhi bambalwa abakwazi ukukuthola. Ngenxa yalokhu, labo abathengi okungenzeka ukuthi bake badla ezindaweni zokudlela ezisezingeni eliphakeme bangashintshana ngokuthenga izinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezitolo ezinkulu noma babeke kuqala ukudla okudingayo.
Ukuxhumeka kwi-inthanethi
Izincomo zikahulumeni zokuhlala ekhaya zizuze izitolo eziku-inthanethi (zisuka ku-7,4% wezitolo zokudla eziphelele zaya ku-10,2% ngo-Ephreli, Kantar Worldpanel) nezitolo ezincane ezilula. Abathengisi benyama baphinde babona ukukhula kwezentengiso, isabelo sabo semakethe sikhuphuke sisuka ku-4,2% saya ku-5% wayo yonke inyama, inhlanzi nezinkukhu (idatha kusukela ngoMeyi 17, 2020).
Ngokusekelwa kula maqiniso, abanye abacwaningi baphakamise ukuthi kunesifiso esikhulayo semikhiqizo yendawo ezweni. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo lwabathengi aluqinisekisi lokhu, futhi ngikubheka njengokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi lula futhi ukufinyeleleka kuyibo abashayeli beqiniso lokukhula. Izinkinga eziqokonyiswe kakhulu ngokutholakala kwemikhiqizo ezitolo ezinkulu ngaphambi kokuba kuhlukaniswe isikhathi eside kungenzeka nokuthi kwaphoqa abathengi kude nezitolo ezinkulu.
Izitolo ezincane (kufaka phakathi abalimi) ziye zasizakala ngalesi simo. Inkinga ukuthi bazokwazi yini ukugcina le ndlela ngokuzayo.
Kepha ukuthambekela kokuthenga ukudla neziphuzo kwi-Intanethi kungahle kube kuhlukaniswe njengokuzinzile, futhi ukukhula kwe-coronavirus kusheshe kuphela kulo mkhakha.
Imikhuba emisha yokucabanga
Njengoba abantu abaningi bachitha isikhathi esiningi ekhaya, sibona ukwanda okukhulu kwenzalo ekuphekeni kwasekhaya. Siphawula ukwanda kwenani labathengi abakholelwa ukuthi inyama yenkomo, iwundlu nengulube kufanelekile ekudleni okumaphakathi nesonto, okungenxa yokuthi banesikhathi esithe xaxa sokupheka noma sokupheka izitsha eziningi ezibanzi.
Ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-AHDB, cishe ikota yabathengi bathi bapheka kakhulu manje kunangaphambili. Ezinyangeni eziyi-18 ezizayo, ngilindele ukuthi lo mkhuba uqhubeke.
Imikhawulo yokuvalelwa kwabantu iyamiswa kancane kancane, kepha izinkampani eziningi zikhuthaza abasebenzi ukuthi basebenze ekhaya. Ngakho-ke, inani elikhulu labantu lizoqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo kude nehhovisi.
Njengoba kwagcizelelwa engxenyeni yeConscious Shopping, ukwehla kwezimali kuvame ukuholela emananini aphezulu emikhiqizo yokupheka kwasekhaya, futhi silindele ukuthi isimo esinzima sezomnotho siwuqinise lo mkhuba, ozophazamisa intuthuko yomkhakha wezilwane.
Ukukhula kwenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi
Ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula, umkhuba wokupheka ekhaya uholele ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kwenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi. Ukuthengisa kwezinto ezinjengezinkomo zomhlaba, ibele lezinkukhu, ushizi no-ayisikhilimu sekukhuphuke kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho isibalo sabantu abathi sehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama nemikhiqizo yobisi selokhu ukwehliswa kwabantu sehlisiwe kakhulu. Eqinisweni, inani labantu abathi badla inyama ethe xaxa seliphindeke kabili - lisuka ku-7 laya ku-14% (AHDB / YouGov, Ephreli 2020), kanti isibalo salabo abanciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo sehle ukusuka ku-27% saya ku-16%. Ngokuqondene nemikhiqizo yobisi, kuye kwehla nesibalo salabo abanciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwabo (sisuka ku-17% saya ku-11%), futhi isibalo sabathandi bemikhiqizo yobisi sakhuphuka sisuka ku-5 saya ku-12%.
impilo
Ngesikhathi sokuwa komnotho, lapho amathuba abathengi ephansi, intengo iba yisisekelo esibaluleke kakhulu lapho ukhetha imikhiqizo. Ngokwemvelo, ngalesi sikhathi, kuye kwehla umthamo wokuthengisa kwemikhiqizo yokudla okunempilo.
isiphetho
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo, lapho siphuma ngokwahlukaniswa futhi siqala ukuphila “ngesimo esisha”, singalindela ukuvuselelwa okuthile kwamanani abathengi. Ngicabanga ukuthi ukufunwa kwabathengi kuzokwakhiwa yizici, okuzoxoxwa ngazo ngezansi.
Ungalindeli ukululama okusheshayo emakethe yokupheka. Isidingo sokugcina ibanga lomphakathi nezinye izidingo ngeke zibe nomthelela ekukhuleni kwezinzuzo zamakhofi kanye zokudlela Umthelela wobhubhane embonini uzozwakala ezinyangeni nakwiminyaka ezayo. Abathengi abaningi ngeke bafune ukudla kaningi njengakuqala, kanti abanye ngeke bakwazi ukukuthola.
Abathengi bazoba ngaphezulu kwezomnotho, inani lokuthenga lizoncishiswa. Izici ezinjengobungane bemvelo bomkhiqizo nomthelela wawo empilweni zizohlala zibalulekile kubo bonke abathengi, kepha njengoba sazi kokuhlangenwe nakho kokunciphiswa kwangaphambilini, ngeke besaba abashayeli bokuthenga okuningi.
Sizobona ukuvuselelwa kokupheka kwasekhaya ngenxa yezomnotho kanye nokwanda kwesikhathi abantu abazosichitha ekhaya.
Ukukhula komkhakha wokulethwa kokudla kanye nomkhakha wokuthengisa ongabanjwa nakho kulindeleke ngenxa yokufinyeleleka kanye nokuphepha okubonakalayo.
Lezi zinto zizothinta ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yezolimo. I-AHDB izoqhubeka nokubheka ukusebenza kwabathengi ukugcina abalimi bezolimo benolwazi. Imininingwane engaphezulu ingatholakala amakhasi esayithi. Retail kanye ne-Consumer Insight.