Ilabhorethri yokuhlola yegatsha le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" e-Krasnoyarsk Territory yethule uhlobo olusha locwaningo - ukutholwa nokuhlonza izinto eziphilayo eziguqulwe ngofuzo (GMOs) kusetshenziswa indlela yokusabela ye-polymerase chain ngesikhathi sangempela.
Emkhakheni weRussian Federation, ukuba khona kwama-GMOs ekuphakeleni nasekudleni okusanhlamvu kulawulwa yiMithethonqubo Yezobuchwepheshe yeCustoms Union TR CU 015/2011 “Okuphepheni kokusanhlamvu”; ngokufanele, ukulawula okuqukethwe kwe-GMO kokusanhlamvu. kuyimpoqo. Futhi, ngokomthetho wokukhiqizwa kwembewu (Federal Law No. 17.12.1997-FZ yango-December 149, 11, njengoba uchitshiyelwe ngoJuni 2021, XNUMX), endaweni yeRussian Federation akuvunyelwe ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlwanyela (ukutshala) imbewu. zezitshalo uhlelo lwazo lwezakhi zofuzo olushintshiwe kusetshenziswa ubunjiniyela bezindlela zofuzo. Njengamanje, umthetho omusha "Ekukhiqizeni imbewu" No. 454-FZ wamukelwe (uqala ukusebenza ngo-September 1, 2023), ngokusho ukuthi zonke izinto zembewu kufanele zihlolwe okuqukethwe kwe-GMO.
I-genetically modified organism iyisidalwa esiphilayo esishintshwe i-genotype kusetshenziswa izindlela zobunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo ukuze sinikeze izici ezidingekayo. Kwezolimo, ubunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo busetshenziselwa ukudala izinhlobo ezintsha zezitshalo ezimelana nezimo zemvelo ezingezinhle nezinambuzane, futhi ezinokukhula okungcono kanye nezimfanelo zokunambitha.
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ama-GMO emikhiqizweni yokudla kanye nezinhlamvu yindlela yesikhathi sangempela se-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Lena indlela ebucayi kakhulu nenembe kakhulu esekelwe ekukopishweni okuphindaphindiwe okukhethiwe kwesigaba esithile se-DNA nucleic acid kusetshenziswa ama-enzyme ngaphansi kwezimo zokwenziwa (in vitro). I-PCR ikuvumela ukuthi uthole olwazini olungaphansi kocwaningo ingxenye encane yolwazi lofuzo oluqukethwe ngokulandelana okuthile kwe-DNA nucleotide yanoma iyiphi into ephilayo phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinye izigaba ze-DNA futhi uliphindaphinde kaningi.
Elabhorethri yokuhlola yegatsha le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" e-Krasnoyarsk Territory, umsebenzi wokukhipha i-DNA ezintweni zezitshalo nokwenza i-PCR wenziwa kusetshenziswa imishini yakamuva ehlangabezana nezidingo zokuhlela ilabhorethri ye-PCR. Ukukhulisa (ukwakhiwa kwamakhophi amaningi ezingxenye ze-chromosomal DNA) kwenziwa kusetshenziswa i-ANK-M amplifier, efakwe kurejista yezinsimbi zokulinganisa zohlelo lwe-Arshin FSIS. Idivayisi iqukethe i-thermoblock egcina izinga lokushisa elidingekayo ukuze kuphenduleke futhi ihlelwe kusetshenziswa ikhompuyutha encane eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, futhi ifakwe umtshina we-fluorescence orekhoda isignali ye-fluorescent kusukela kungxube yokusabela ukuhlela ukuqoqwa komkhiqizo we-PCR.
I-PCR yenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-reagent kits anokusebenza okuphezulu (ngaphezulu kuka-90%) kokusabela kwe-PCR, ukuzwela okuphezulu kanye nokucaciswa kokutholwa kwama-GMO, ahlangabezana nezidingo zamazwe ngamazwe zemingcele yokutholwa komkhawulo (LOD) kanye nomkhawulo wenani. (LOQ), equkethe i-internal positive control (VPK), evumela ukukhipha imiphumela engemihle engamanga.
Isigaba sokuqala sokuhlaziya ukuhlonza ama-GMO wukuhlolwa kwe-GMO - ucwaningo olunzulu lokuthola i-DNA yezitshalo nokuhlonza izakhi zofuzo ezithile - ukulandelana okuthile kokulawula (abathuthukisi nezinqamuli) kanye nezakhi zofuzo. Uma kutholwa noma iyiphi yalezi zakhi, imigqa eguqulwe izakhi zofuzo yezinhlobo ezithile zezitshalo iyabonwa.
Elabhorethri yokuhlola yegatsha le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" e-Krasnoyarsk Territory, kwenziwa ucwaningo lokuhlonza ama-GMO ekudleni nasekuphakeleni okusanhlamvu nasezimbewuni zezolimo. Umsebenzi wenziwa ngochwepheshe abaqeqeshwe ngesihloko esithi "Izisekelo zokunquma ama-GMO emikhiqizweni yemvelaphi yezitshalo kusetshenziswa i-PCR yesikhathi sangempela" e-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Federal Center for Assessment of the Safety and Quality of Grain and Its Ukucubungula Imikhiqizo” esifundeni saseMoscow.
Ngakho-ke, ochwepheshe baselabhorethri abahlolayo baphumelele ngempumelelo indlela entsha, yesimanje nethembisayo yokuhlaziya impahla yezitshalo kokuqukethwe kwe-GMO. Ngokuzayo, kuhlelwe ukuthi kufakwe le ndlela endaweni yokugunyazwa kwama-laboratories okuhlola ngohlelo lwe-Russian Accreditation.