ISIKHATHI ESILANDELAYO SEZOLIMO IYAPHELA, OKUBE BUNZIMA KAKHULU KUBALIMI BASEKHAYA. ABALIMI BAMAZAMBATHI ABASUKA EZIFUNDENI EZEHLULEKILE ZEZWE BAXOXA NGEMIPHUMELA YAKHO YASEKUQALENI NGESIKHATHI SOKUHLOLA KWETHU YESINTU.
Danil Gusev, KFH Gusev D.S., Tambov esifundeni
90 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Maphakathi no-Okthoba, cishe amaphesenti ayishumi amazambane avunwa epulazini ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu. Izimvula ezinamandla ziza njalo ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuqala ukuhlanza okuphelele. Azikho izindlela zobuchwepheshe zonga, ogandaganda nezimoto zivele zicwile ensimini. Okokuqala, simba ezindaweni ezisemagqumeni.
Ehlobo, ngokuphambene nalokho, isomiso esinamandla nokushisa kwaphawulwa esifundeni. Yize izinga lokushisa lomoya lingazange likhuphuke kakhulu njengango-2021, isimo sezulu sibe nomthelela omubi ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukeni kwesitshalo. Nokho, ngingasho kusenesikhathi ukuthi isivuno sizoba phezulu uma siqhathaniswa nesizini edlule. Lokhu kungabonakala ngosayizi nangekhwalithi, ngisho nasezindaweni lapho sasivame ukuthola khona izilimo eziyizigaxa ezimbalwa.
Ngiyazi ngezintengo zamazambane ikakhulukazi kubalimi engibaziyo. Umkhawulo ophansi namuhla ungama-ruble ayi-16, umkhawulo ongaphezulu ungama-ruble angama-21 ngekhilogremu. Kodwa khumbula ukuthi amazambane eTambov abelokhu ebiza kakhulu kunemikhiqizo evela kwezinye izifunda.
Angicabangi ukuthi kufanelekile ukulinda intengo ukuthi ikhuphuke, futhi udinga ukuthengisa amazambane okwamanje. engaziwaokuzokwenzeka emakethe esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, futhi 21 RUBLE - intengo evamile ngentengo yezindleko amakhilogremu emikhiqizo ngaphakathi 12-13 ama-ruble. Ukucabangela ukwehla kwamandla emali kanye nesidingo sokubekisa izimali zokuthuthukisa umnotho zamukelekile. |
Minyaka yonke, amazambane ethu alethwa ngobuningi asuka ensimini aye endaweni yokugcina izimpahla, lapho ahlelwa khona ngomshini, apakishwe ezikhwameni futhi adayiswe ngobuningi.
Akunakwenzeka ukusungula ukubambisana namaketanga okuthengisa, ngoba azikho ezokuthutha zokulethwa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Kuphakama ubunzima ngokugcwaliseka kwemibandela yabathengisi, isibonelo, ukuhlinzekwa kwamazambane ahlanziwe, ngakho-ke kufanele usebenzise izinsizakalo zabaxhumanisi. Azikho izimali ezanele zokuxazulula lezi zinkinga, kodwa sizibekela imigomo enjalo.
Ukukhiqizwa komnotho ingxenye enkulu kuya ezimakethe ezindaweni eziseningizimu yeRussia, North Caucasus, Central Black Earth Region, Moscow kanye St. Sesikhule amazambane isikhathi eside futhi sifunde ukukhiqiza izilimo eziyizigaxa ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu ezifunwa ngabathengi abakhetha kakhulu.
Kunezinhlelo zokwandisa indawo engaphansi kwamazambane ibe amahektha ayi-110. Njengoba sinemihlaba emikhulu yokulima, singakwazi ukuyikhokhela, kodwa kuze kube manje azikho isisekelo sempahla nezobuchwepheshe ezanele. Ngaphandle kokuvuna isivuno salo nyaka, kunzima ukuqagela ukuthi isizini elandelayo izoqala kanjani. Kunoma ikuphi, ngeke sinciphise umthamo wokukhiqiza.
Kuze kube muva nje, sithenge imbewu yezicukuthwane ezivela kwamanye amazwe futhi sizisakaze emasimini ethu. Izinhlobo ezikhethiwe zihlanganisa i-Red Lady, i-Lilly, i-Gala, i-Colomba, i-Madeira ne-Bernina. Uma ubunzima buqala ngokulethwa kwembewu evela eYurophu, sizobamba unyaka noma emibili ngezindleko zezinsiza zethu. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngithemba ukuthi isimo emhlabeni sizosimama.
UVictor Chudanov, LLC "Imifino YaseRussia" Isi-Altaic ukuphela
600 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
“Ngokwemiphumela yomsebenzi wokuvuna epulazini lethu, lo nyaka ukhombise isivuno esihle kuno-2021. Futhi sijabule ngemiphumela.
Kuyo yonke inkathi, isimo sezulu sasibonakala sivivinya amandla ethu. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kwajabulisa abalimi base-Altai. Kodwa ehlobo, izici zesimo sezulu sethu ezinjengokushintshashintsha okubukhali kwezinga lokushisa, ukushisa okungavamile okufika kuma-degree angu-42, isichotho, nomoya squally. Futhi kakade ngesikhathi sokuvuna, ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, isithwathwa siyagadla.
Kuzo zonke izimo, lokhu kuwukucindezeleka okukhulu kwesiko. Kodwa, naphezu kokungahambi kahle kwesimo sezulu, izenzo ezifanele zesevisi ye-agronomic zenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthola isivuno esihle.
Ngekhilogremu yamazambane wekhwalithi yenethiwekhi namuhla esifundeni banikeza isilinganiso sama-ruble ayi-15-16. Ukuthi intengo izoziphatha kanjani esikhathini esizayo, kuyocaca ngemva kokuphela komsebenzi wokuvuna. Kodwa, njengomthetho, ngalesi sikhathi kukhona ukwanda kwayo kwenkathi.
Imikhiqizo yethu evela emasimini ithunyelwa ngokushesha endaweni yokugcina futhi icutshungulwe. Imishini yokuhlunga, ukuwasha, ukupakisha nokupakisha amazambane kusinika ithuba lokusebenza ngqo nabathengisi baseRussia nabaprosesa.
Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, ipulazi, ngaphezu kokudla, litshala amazambane ukuze asetshenziswe. Inkontileka yokuhlinzekwa kwayo iphothulwa ngenkampani enkulu ekhiqiza ama-chips. Izimo esibambisene ngazo kulo nyaka ngizibheka njengezamukelekile impela.
Njalo ngonyaka sitshala amazambane endaweni engamahektha angaba ngu-600, futhi nangesizini ezayo ngeke kube njalo. Sithenga imbewu elite impahla izinhlobo Gala, Red Scarlett, Memphis, Riviera kanye nabanye emapulazini imbewu eSiberia nasenkabeni Russia. Sithola ukukhiqizwa kokuqala kwabaphezulu futhi sikhule amazambane avela kuwo.
Tatyana Kayukova, I-Oven LLC, i-Perm Territory
900 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Ukuvunwa kwamazambane epulazini sekuqediwe. Eqinisweni, siphoxekile ngemiphumela yale sizini. Isivuno asizange sidlule ama-centner angu-180 ehektheleni. Amazambane abe mancane, futhi izinga lokudayiswa lisuka kumaphesenti angama-20 kuye kwangama-30. Izimali ezitshaliwe kanye nemizamo yabasebenzi ibingafaneleki, izimo zezulu zayichitha yonke imizamo yethu.
UMeyi noJuni kwaba yimvula futhi kubanda, evuna ukwakheka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Inani labo lafinyelela ku-30 ihlathi ngalinye, okwasenza saba nethemba lesivuno esihle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, uJulayi no-August, izinyanga ezibucayi kakhulu zesiko, zadlula ngaphandle kwemvula nhlobo. Isomiso saba nomphumela ocindezelayo kumazambane, ukuthuthukiswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kwayeka.
Ngesikhathi sokuvuna, lalomile, ngakho wonke umsebenzi sawenza ngokushesha, phakathi namasonto amabili. Kodwa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo etholiwe ayijabuli.
E-Perm Territory, intengo yokuthenga amazambane amancane angama-ruble angu-6-7 kilogram, amazambane amakhulu - ama-ruble angu-16-17. Ngeshwa, isidingo sihlala siphansi okwamanje. Amazambane ama-calibers aphakathi namakhulu adingeka kakhulu, futhi abathengi abangaba ama-tubers amancane bazama ukwehlisa intengo ephansi kakade.
Ngokuvamile ipulazi lithengisa isivuno ngokuqondile ensimini ngasekupheleni kukaJulayi noma ekuqaleni kuka-August. Kodwa kulo nyaka, amazambane okuqala avuthwa kuphela ngo-Agasti 26, futhi kwathengiswa amathani angama-200 kuphela ekupheleni kwenyanga. Futhi kuze kube manje, amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-1,6 asedayisiwe.
Esikhathini esisha, sizotshala amazambane etafuleni endaweni efanayo, sigcine izinhlobo eziyinhloko - i-Gala. Kodwa abaphathi bepulazi bazonquma ngokuthengwa kwembewu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokusekelwe emakethe kanye namandla ethu.
UVladimir Kravtsun, I-Stanitsa LLC, i-Stavropol Territory
150 ha ngaphansi kwamazambane
- Maphakathi no-Okthoba, ukuvunwa kwezitshalo sekuhamba phambili, cishe amaphesenti angama-40 esamba esiphelele sesivele sembiwe. Izibalo ziphakeme kunonyaka odlule, futhi uma isimo sezulu sivuma, kunethuba langempela lokuthola isivuno esihle.
Imvula ibiphezulu ngendlela engavamile kulo nyaka. Lana ihlobo lonke, futhi ngokufika kwekwindla alizange liyeke. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukuhlanza ekhaya kubambezeleka. Simba amazambane izinsuku ezintathu, bese singenzi lutho isonto lonke, bese sibuyela ensimini izinsuku ezimbalwa bese simisa umsebenzi futhi.
Izintengo zokuthenga esifundeni ziyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble angama-20 kuye kwangama-24 ngekhilogremu ngayinye, konke kuncike engxenyeni yamazambane. Azikho izinkinga zokuthengisa, imikhiqizo yethu ishiya ngokushesha. Abathengisi bayithatha ngokuqondile endaweni yokugcina impahla, futhi amazambane ahanjiswa kulo lonke i-Stavropol Territory, athunyelwa eKabardino-Balkaria naseKrasnodar Territory.
Ngokuvamile sizama ukuthengisa isivuno ngokushesha, inqobo nje uma intengo isifanela, njengamanje. Angisiboni isizathu sokulinda inzuzo eyengeziwe, ngoba asazi ukuthi isimo semakethe sizoba kanjani ngoDisemba noma ngo-March. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asinayo indawo yokugcina imiqulu emikhulu, futhi sifuna ukugwema ukulahlekelwa okuhlobene nale nqubo. Kodwa uma singenaso isikhathi sokuthengisa isivuno, kuyilapho amanani esekhona, sizoshiya ingxenye yomkhiqizo ebusika.
Ngesizini ezayo, sihlela ukwaba indawo kusuka kumahektha ayi-150 kuye kwangama-200 ngamazambane, njengaseminyakeni edlule. Ipulazi likhetha izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha kwamanye amazwe. Okokuqala, lezi yiBellarosa, Desiree, Vega, Picasso, Arizona, Colomba nezinye ezifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathengi.
Cishe sizobe sibambe iqhaza ekuthengeni izinto zembewu ngoJanuwari-Februwari 2023. Ngethemba ukuthi ngeke kube nezinkinga ngempahla yayo evela eYurophu.