Bafundi Abathandekayo! Kulolu shicilelo sinikeza indawo epulazini lembewu "i-AgroAlliance-NN" (isifunda saseNizhny Novgorod), egxile ekukhiqizeni amazambane ezinhlobonhlobo zaseYurophu (ezikhethwe yi-Europlant HZPC AmaSadokas) wokukhiqiza okuphezulu. Ukubuka kafushane kwezigaba ezisemqoka zokutshala kulethwa kuwe ngungoti webhizinisi uKirill Kraev.
UKUGCINA
Amahektha ayi-108 omhlaba olimekayo abelwa amazambane epulazini. Kulo nyaka, ukufika emhlabeni kwaqala ngoMeyi 10, cishe amasonto amabili kamuva kunalokho obekuhlelwe ngaphambilini. Isimo sezulu saphoqa ukuthi sihlehlise ukuqala komsebenzi: Ngo-Ephreli esifundeni sethu kwagcina kubanda futhi kunemvula, ngenxa yalokho, inhlabathi ayikwazanga ukufudumala ifinyelela kumazinga adingekayo isikhathi eside, futhi amasimu ahlala enamanzi isikhathi eside.
Ukutshala kwaqalwa lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlabathi lifinyelela ku-12-14 ° C, amazambane atshalwa afinyelela kumamitha ayi-15. Ukushisa komoya phakathi nesikhathi somsebenzi kufinyelela ku-12-13 ° C (kuphela ngoMeyi 20-21 kubanda kakhulu). Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngesikhathi sokufika, isimo sezulu esinomoya sasivame ukuqoshwa, kepha imvula yayidlula.
ISIMEMO
Ngesikhathi lapho sidinga ukushintshela ekwakhiweni kwe-crest, amakhaza abuyela esifundeni: izinga lokushisa lehle laya ku-5-7 ° C, umoya onamandla wawubamba futhi kwezinye izindawo iqhwa laliqala ukuna. Ezinsukwini ezilandelayo, izimvula zaqala kule ndawo, kodwa uhlobo nenhlabathi yenhlabathi emasimini kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukugwema isikhathi sokuphumula. Ukususa kwenziwa ngokwamagama ag agunyaziwe.
UKWAKHIWA KWE-HERBICIDAL
Ngemuva kokuphothula umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa, ngokushesha saqhubeka nokwelashwa kokuqalwa kokutshala ngamakhemikhali (Zenkor 0,6l / ha + Boxer 3l / ha). Ukucutshungulwa kwenziwa enhlabathini enomswakama noma ngemuva kwemvula, okwakuvumela ukwandisa ukusebenza kwamalungiselelo. Umsebenzi wenziwa kusetshenziswa isifutho seHardi esifakwe uhlelo lweTwin.
IZIPHUMA ZOKUKHULA KWEZOBUCHWEPHESHE EMAHLUKULWINI WOKUQALA WOKUHLAZIYA
Bernice
Izinhlobo zetafula lesizini ephakathi. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zikhula ngokuqinile kusuka lapho zifika emhlabathini (ama-stolons akhula ngaphezu kwe-tuber kamama, ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo eyomile), ngakho-ke, lapho utshala, kufanele abekwe kude ne-14-15 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye. Ngale nhlobonhlobo, saqala ukutshala ngonyaka we-2018. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-25, sabona amahlumela aluhlaza anobungane.
UMADEIRA
Izinhlobo ezisezingeni eliphakeme zethebula eliphakathi naphakathi.
Amahlumela avela ngokushesha okukhulu, izitshalo zikhula ngokunamandla futhi esikhathini esifushane “zibamba” namazambane atshalwe ngaphambilini. Ukudepha kokwehla - 12 cm.
Ngeminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaJuni, amazambane alolu hlobo ahlukahlukene abonise imiphumela emihle (yize emasontweni okuqala emva kokutshala, izinga lokukhula lalivinjwe kancane ngenxa yokuntuleka komswakama, kwakungekho imvula eyanele).
KUMQOQO
Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala zethebula. Uma ufuna amazambane alolu hlobo ukuba akhule ngokushesha, udinga ukufudumala ama-tubers ngaphambi kokutshala. Emhlabathini, amazambane uhlala ekuphumuleni isikhashana, kepha abesethatha amahlumela ngentshiseko.
I-RED SCARLETT
Ithebula lethebhulethi elibomvu langaphambi kwesihlakala, okungenye yezindawo ezaziwa kakhulu eRussia.
Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibandayo, le sizini yathuthuka kancane kunokujwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, amasonto amabili ngemuva kokutshala, ochwepheshe epulazini babona ukuvela kwenani elikhulu lama-stolons kuma-tubers.
I-ColOMBA
Ibanga lethebula eliphakeme lokuqala. It itshalwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu (ukutshala kwenzeka ngesikhathi efudumele kunazo zonke), kunikeze amahlumela amahle okudlula izithombo zezinhlobonhlobo zeRed Scarlett ezazikhula ngaphambilini.
ISIQALO SUNNY
Izinhlobonhlobo zetafula elibomvu kakhulu eziyisisekelo.
Ukutshala kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokupholisa, okunciphisa ijubane inqubo yokuhluma kwe-nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukwakheka kwe-ridge kule ndawo kwenziwa ezinsukwini ezimbili kamuva kunokuba kwakuhlelelwe ngaphambili.
ISIVIVINYO. I-PHYTROCLEANERS.
Maphakathi noJulayi, amasimu amazambane epulazi aqhakaza. Phambilini kunabanye, amazambane abomvu e-Scarlett ajabule ngokuqhakaza izimbali, lapho saqala khona inqubo yokuhlola (umsebenzi wenziwa nezazi ezivela eRosselkhoztsentr).
Futhi, kusukela kulowo mzuzu kuqhubeke, ukuhlanzwa kwe-phyto kwahlelwa kuzo zonke izinhlobo. Ngifuna ukugcizelela ukuthi kulo nyaka sitshale izinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu, bekukhona izitshalo ezimbalwa ezinesifo, ngokujwayelekile, inani lezitshalo ezisusiwe zezinhlobonhlobo azangeqi ku-0,5 - 1%.
Abasebenzi ababephumelele ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile epulazini babebandakanyeka emsebenzini wokuhlanza ama-phyto. Imisebenzi yabo yayiqondiswa ongoti abanolwazi lweminyaka eminingi kumazambane akhulayo.
Ngokuya ngohlelo lokuvikelwa kwamazambane, ukwelashwa okunama-fungicides kanye nezinambuzane kwenziwa (ngokwesilinganiso, kahlanu ngesizini ngayinye yohlobo ngalunye). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokwelapha ngakunye ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, sahlela ukucubungulwa kwamasimu ngamafutha amaminerali ukuvikela izitshalo ezinambuzaneni.
Zonke izinhlobo zethu ziye zahlolwa ngempumelelo ekuhlolweni kwembewu, ngokulandelana, lonke inani lamazambane atshalwe epulazini lathola isimo sezinto zembewu.
UKULUNGISELELA UKUHLELA
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuqala kobandayo kukaJuni kanye nenani elincane lemvula esikhathini esilandelayo kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi cishe zonke izinhlobo zaqala ukukhiqiza inani elincane lama-tubers ngesitshalo ngasinye. Isibonelo, ngokubambisana ne-tuberization, ukuhlukahluka kweColomba kuyinto ephakathi (ama-8-10 ama-PC. Isihlahla ngasinye), kulo nyaka kwakha ama-tubers angama-5-6. Ngakho-ke, sasibhekene nomsebenzi wokungakhuli kakhulu i-tubers ngenhla yengxenyana yembewu. Ukulawula lesi simo, senza ukumba masonto onke kuzo zonke izinhlobo ukuthola ubukhulu bezilimo eziyizigaxa. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, bekunqunywa ukuthi amazambane aboniswa yi-homogeneity yokuqhathanisa: ukuncipha kwama-calibers kuncane.
Ukumba kokugcina kwenzeka ngoJulayi 30, kwabonisa ukuthi cishe zonke izinhlobo zezilimo eziyizigaxa zihambelana nosayizi wengxenyana yembewu, ngemuva kwalokho sanquma ukukhipha iziqongo.
Sekuyiminyaka eminingana sisebenzisa ukusebenzisa i-desiccant hhayi kudlule okukodwa, kepha ngakubili - ukuze somise kangcono iziqongo ezinkulu.
Kulo nyaka, sihlangabezane nobunzima obuncane ekususeni izimbiza zamazambane abomvu e-Red Scarlett: izitshalo zakha ingxenye enamandla kangaka yomhlabathi ukuthi ibingaze yomiswe emisebenzini emibili ye-desiccant, kufanele futhi sisebenzise i-topper.
Ukuqala kokuvunwa kuhlelwe ekuqaleni kukaSepthemba. Ngemuva kokuvunwa, amasampula ezinhlobonhlobo ngayinye azothunyelwa elabhoratri ayohlolelwa amagciwane, kepha sizokhuluma ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni esilandelayo.