I-Altai Territory ibhekwa ngokufanelekile njengendawo yokudla yaseSiberia. Lesi sifunda singumkhiqizi omkhulu wokusanhlamvu eRussian Federation futhi sinamandla amakhulu emkhakheni wokukhiqiza ezolimo.
Indawo ephelele yomhlaba wezolimo ingamahektha ayizigidi ezingu-11,6, kuhlanganise nomhlaba wezolimo - amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-10,6, okuyindawo yokulima - amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-6,5 - lena yindawo enkulu kunazo zonke zomhlaba wokulima phakathi kwezifunda zeRussian Federation.
Singabokuqala ezweni mayelana nezitshalo zikakolweni wasentwasahlobo, u-buckwheat, oats, rapeseed kanye nefiber flax. Nakuba isivuno esimaphakathi salezi zitshalo esifundeni asiphezulu kakhulu. Lokhu kuphinde kube ngenxa yendawo enkulu yomhlaba wezolimo. Kunezindawo eziyisikhombisa zenhlabathi nesimo sezulu endaweni yesifunda, kusukela endaweni eyomile yaseKulunda, lapho bejabule khona ngesivuno sikakolweni esingamasentimitha ayi-10 ehektheleni ngalinye, futhi siphetha ngamagquma avundile, lapho abalimi bevuna khona izikhathi ezi-4-5 ngaphezulu. kusukela emasimini.
Ukuhlukahluka kwenhlabathi kanye nezimo zezulu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukutshala izilimo eziningi zezolimo esifundeni. Iziqondiso eziyinhloko ekukhiqizeni izitshalo ukukhiqiza okusanhlamvu, ukukhiqizwa kwefolishi, ukutshalwa kwembewu yamafutha nezinye izitshalo. Ukulima okuthuthukisiwe kwezimboni, ukukhula kwemifino. Kuwo wonke umthamo wemikhiqizo yezolimo ethengisiwe, isabelo sokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo cishe singama-45%.
Izindawo ezihlwanyelwe zezitshalo zezolimo kuzo zonke izigaba zamapulazi minyaka yonke zithatha amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-5,1 - 5,5, okuhlanganisa okusanhlamvu nezilimo ezidliwayo - kuze kufike kumahektha ayizigidi ezingu-3,8. Ngo-2018, ngokokuqala ngqa, indawo engaphansi kwezimbewu zikawoyela esifundeni yafinyelela kumahektha ayizigidi ezingu-1. Mayelana nokukhiqizwa kokusanhlamvu, futhi ikakhulukazi ukolweni wekhwalithi ephezulu, lesi sifunda siphakathi kwezifunda ezinhlanu eziphezulu zezwe, kanti insimu yokusanhlamvu yase-Altai inkulu kunazo zonke eRussia. Ingxenye yesithathu yengqikithi yokusanhlamvu kwaseSiberia ikhiqizwa lapha. Ngo-2018, isivuno esiphelele sokusanhlamvu e-Altai Territory saba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-5,355.
Izitshalo zasebusika nentwasahlobo ziyatshalwa esifundeni. Isabelo sezitshalo zasentwasahlobo singama-96% wendawo yonke ehlwanyelwe yokusanhlamvu, izitshalo zasebusika (ukolweni ne-rye) - 4%. I-Altai Krai ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wembewu yamafutha kabhekilanga esifundeni saseSiberia Federal, ibalwa ngo-98% wokukhiqiza. Ngo-2018, kukhiqizwa amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-673. Amandla atholakalayo avumela ukucutshungulwa cishe kwawo wonke umthamo wezinto ezingavuthiwe ezikhiqizwe kuwoyela. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokuhlwanyela ubhekilanga zigxile ezifundeni zaseKulunda naseRubtsovsk-Aleiskaya steppes.
Ososayensi base-Altai banikeza ukwesekwa kwesayensi kokutshalwa kwalesi sitshalo e-Altai. E-Altai Territory, kutshalwa isivuno esiyigugu sembewu kawoyela njenge-spring rapeseed. Mayelana nokudla okunomsoco kanye nefolishi, i-rapeseed iphakeme kakhulu kunezitshalo eziningi zezolimo. Imbewu yayo iqukethe amafutha angaphezu kuka-45% kanye namaprotheni angaba ngu-30%. Kusukela e-Urals kuya eMpumalanga Ekude, i-Altai Territory ukuphela kwesifunda esikhiqiza ama-sugar beet. Naphezu kokukhandleka kokulinywa kwayo, isalokhu ingesinye sezitshalo ezinenzuzo enkulu futhi ezikhangayo ngokomnotho kubakhiqizi bezolimo. Ezindaweni ezisempumalanga neziphansi ze-Altai Territory, i-buckwheat isiphenduke enye yezindleko ezingabizi kakhulu. Ngonyaka, i-40 - 50% yengqikithi yokukhiqizwa kwe-buckwheat yaseRussia yisabelo se-Altai Territory.
Ngo-2018, kwatholwa amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-556 esifundeni. Izimo zezulu zesifunda zivumela ukutshalwa kwamazambane nemifino. Unyaka ngamunye, zonke izigaba zamapulazi zikhiqiza amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-500-600 amazambane kanye namathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-150 emifino, okungavumeli kuphela ukuhlinzeka isifunda ngokugcwele ngamavolumu adingekayo, kodwa futhi nokuhlinzeka ngamaqoqo abalulekile amazambane nemikhiqizo yemifino ngaphandle kwedolobha. isifunda. I-Horticulture nayo ithuthukiswe e-Altai Territory.
Abakhiqizi abakhulu bemikhiqizo yezithelo namajikijolo yimizi. Amahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,3 ahlala emasimini, lapho kutholwa amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-18 emikhiqizo yezithelo namajikijolo ngonyaka. Isiqondiso esithembisa kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni ukutshalwa kwe-sea buckthorn. Ekwakhekeni kwamasimu, ithatha cishe amaphesenti angama-80 azo zonke izindawo. Imiqulu yemikhiqizo ye-sea buckthorn nayo ibalulekile - i-sea buckthorn oil concentrate, i-75% yayo ikhiqizwa e-Altai.
Source: http://www.ap22.ru/