Ochwepheshe benkampani "ye-August" bathi: kusenzima ukubikezela umthamo wesivuno se-buckwheat esizayo, kodwa izindawo ezihlwanyelwe zalesi sitshalo ziyakhula. Ezifundeni eziyinhloko zokulima - i-Altai Territory kanye neRiphabhulikhi yaseBashkortostan - i-buckwheat ngo-2021 ihlwanyelwa ngaphezu kwalokho obekuhleliwe, ngoba ngenxa yokushisa nokuntuleka komswakama, ithathelwa indawo yizitshalo ezimelana nesomiso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokuntuleka kwemvula kungalimaza i-buckwheat ngokwayo, okwenza izimo ezivumayo zokuzalanisa ama-aphid.
Kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo, ukuvinjelwa kokuthunyelwa kwe-buckwheat kuyasebenza eRussia. Imikhawulo ehambisana nokusetshenziswa kwayo ayijwayelekile ezweni: intengo kanye nokuba khona kwalo mkhiqizo emashalofini ezitolo kuyinkomba yokuphepha kokudla kubathengi abaningi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi i-80% yesiko itshalwa endaweni yezifunda ezimbili kuphela, uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwezitshalo cishe akukho lutho lokuyigcwalisa ngakho, ngenxa yalokho, intengo ye-buckwheat ngokwayo ayizinzile. .
Ngokuka-Sergey Kapustin, inhloko yehhovisi elimele u-August e-Barnaul, indawo yokuzalwa yesiko yi-India naseNingizimu China, lesi isitshalo se-thermophilic lapho isimo sezulu sasemagqumeni sithandeka kakhulu eRussia - ngebanga lokushisa elincane le-intraday, ngaphandle ubusuku obubandayo kanye (okungcono) nemvula engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo.
Ingxenye eyinhloko ye-buckwheat etshalwe eRussia idliwa ngaphakathi kwezwe, ngasikhathi sinye, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe nakho kuthuthukisiwe: amazwe amakhulu okungenisa yiChina, iSouth Korea neJapan. Lapha bakhetha ukudla i-buckwheat ngendlela yamahlumela nama-microgreens, okuyinto, nokho, manje esabalala eRussia. Ngakho-ke, kuze kufike engxenyeni yesine yesivuno se-Altai kungathunyelwa ngaphandle. I-Buckwheat nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekwelashweni okunempilo - ufulawa we-buckwheat wenziwa kuwo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela.
Izindawo ezitshaliwe ze-buckwheat e-Altai Territory naseBashkortostan, njengomthetho, zihlangene zidlula amahektha ayizigidi ezingu-1. Ochwepheshe baphawula ukuthi ngenxa yamathuba aphezulu okuvinjelwa kwezohwebo namanani, abalimi ngezinye izikhathi bayayingabaza imbuyiselo futhi banciphise ukutshalwa kwayo. Nokho, kanye nalo mkhuba, kunezici ezibangela ukwanda kwamahektare.
“Ubuhle be-buckwheat ukumelana nesomiso kanye nenkathi yokukhula ifushane. Uma amanzi eshiye umhlabathi, futhi abalimi abakwazanga ukungena endaweni yokuhlwanyela nezitshalo ezihleliwe, bavame ukukhansela ukuhlwanyela futhi bafake esikhundleni se-buckwheat. Ngakho-ke, izindawo ezingaphansi kwayo ziyanda, - kusho uSergey Kapustin. “Yilokhu okwenzeka ngo-2021 ngesikhathi kunesomiso. Ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi yokuqala kaJuni, ukuhlwanyelwa kwalesi sitshalo kwakusaqhubeka. Ezimweni zokushoda komswakama okungathi sína, i-buckwheat ayikhuli, kodwa nayo ayifi. Isici esinqumayo ngesivuno sayo kuzoba ukuba khona kwemvula engxenyeni yesibili yehlobo. "
Futhi, uchwepheshe uveza, i-buckwheat ivame ukuhlwanyelwa emasimini angenalutho noma afusi - lokhu kusheshisa kakhulu ukwethulwa kwawo ekujikelezweni kwezitshalo. Inqubo ye-agronomic efana nokususa ukhula, imishini noma amakhemikhali, ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi eside, futhi sekwephuzile kakhulu ukuhlwanyela izitshalo eziningi ngemva kokwenziwa. Kodwa i-buckwheat, ehlwanyelwe ngisho nangoJuni, ikuvumela ukuthi uthole isivuno sokuqala.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, i-buckwheat ingahlushwa yi-downy mildew, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-aphid asongela izitshalo zawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho kushisa kakhulu ihlobo, kuyingozi kakhulu isiko, ngoba isimo sezulu esimanzi sivuselela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-bacteriosis kanye ne-mycoses yezicubu zezinambuzane zezinambuzane, futhi inombolo yayo iyancipha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo. Abalimi, njengomthetho, abawasebenzisi ama-insecticide ku-buckwheat, ngoba angathinta, phakathi kwezinye izinto, izinambuzane ezimpova.
I-Buckwheat nayo ayinakho ukumelana nokukhula kokhula, ngakho-ke ingaqhudelana ngokujulile ngomswakama kanye nezakhamzimba emhlabathini. Iqembu eliyinhloko elilimaza izitshalo ze-buckwheat ukhula lwe-millet, olungabhekwana nalo ngama-anti-cereal herbicides: ikakhulukazi, i-Miura, i-KE, kanye ne-pre-ergence herbicide i-Simba, evikela i-buckwheat kusukela ezigabeni zokuqala zokukhula kwayo. .