Abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseHiroshima basondela ekudaluleni izinqubo zamangqamuzana ezibangela ukuthi izikhukhula zincisha izitshalo umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukudala izitshalo ezikwazi ukumelana nezikhukhula. Ingosi ye-Phys.org.
NgokweBhange Lomhlaba, izikhukhula ziyingozi yomhlaba wonke esongela ukuphila nempahla yezigidigidi zabantu. Abantu abaningi nakakhulu basengozini yendlala ngenxa yezikhukhula: amanzi angakhukhula izitshalo. Abacwaningi manje sebeseduze nokuhlonza izinqubo zamangqamuzanaokubangela ukuthi izikhukhula zincisha izitshalo umoya-mpilo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukudala izitshalo ezikwazi ukuqina.
Ngosizo luka ukuhlaziywa kwemeta, okubandakanya ukuhlaziya kabusha idatha evela kwezinye izifundo ngokuvamile, ithimba elivela eSikoleni Seziqu Sezifundo Ezihlanganisiwe Zokuphila e-University of Hiroshima lithole eziningana ezivamile. ufuzo kanye nezindlela ezihlobene nerayisi (i-Oryza sativa) ne-Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Ososayensi bashicilele imiphumela yabo yocwaningo kujenali Ukuphila.
"I-Hypoxia ingcindezi ye-abiotic yezitshalo, evame ukubangelwa yizikhukhula," kusho umbhali ohlanganyele wocwaningo uKeita Tamura, ebhekisela ekuntuleni komoya-mpilo okubangelwa ukugcwala ngokweqile. “Nakuba luningi ucwaningo oseluke lwenziwa phambilini, besicabanga ukuthi lokho kufihliwe izindlela zebhayoloji ingatholwa ngokuhlaziya izifundo eziningi kusetshenziswa i-meta-analysis yedatha etholakala esidlangalaleni.”
Ithimba ligxile erayisini nase-watercress, njengoba izakhi zofuzo zazo zombili lezi zinhlobo zazihlolisiswe kabanzi ngaphambili. NgokukaTamura, irayisi libuye lithathwe njengesinye sezitshalo ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, elisebenza njengenhloko umkhiqizo wokudla kubantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezine, ngokusho kweQembu Lokweluleka le-International Agricultural Research, ngakho ukuqonda indlela yokuvimbela isitshalo ukuthi sisabele i-hypoxia, ibalulekile.
Abacwaningi bahlonze amapheya angu-29 edatha yokulandelana kwe-RNA ye-Arabidopsis namapheya angu-26 erayisi kuzo zombili izimo ezivamile nezishoda komoyampilo kumadathasethi atholakalayo. NgokukaSolwazi Hidemasa Bono, ukulandelana kwe-RNA kuhilela ukucacisa ipulani yofuzo yesifundo endaweni ethile, okusho ukuthi idatha ingasetshenziswa ukutadisha ukuthi yiziphi izakhi zofuzo ezibangele izinguquko.
"Ngokuhlaziya idatha yokulandelana kwe-RNA, sihlonze i-40 ne-19 izakhi zofuzo ezilawulwayo futhi ezinciphisa kuzo zombili izinhlobo," kusho uBono. "Phakathi kwazo, ezinye ze-WRKY transcription factor kanye ne-cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, indima yazo ekuphenduleni i-hypoxia engaziwa, zazivame ukulawulwa kokubili kwe-Arabidopsis nelayisi."
Ngokuka-Bono, lokhu kulawulwa okujwayelekile kusho ukuthi lezi zinqubo zamangqamuzana zisebenza kakhulu lapho kuntuleka umoya-mpilo, okubonisa umthwalo wazo wemishini wokuthi izitshalo zisabela kanjani.
U-Bono no-Tamura baqhathanisa imiphumela yabo nokuhlaziywa okufanayo kwe-meta ye-hypoxia kumaseli omuntu namasampula ezicubu. Bathole ukuthi izakhi zofuzo ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa ku irayisi futhi i-Arabidopsis yacindezelwa kubalingani babo babantu.
"Ukuhlaziywa kwethu kwe-meta kuphakamisa izindlela ezahlukene zamangqamuzana ze-hypoxia ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni," kusho uBono. "Izakhi zofuzo ezikhonjwe kulolu cwaningo kulindeleke ukuthi zikhanyise izindlela ezintsha zamangqamuzana zokusabela kwezitshalo ku-hypoxia. Ekugcineni, sihlela ukusebenzisa uhlobo olulodwa lwekhandidethi ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlela i-genome ukuze sakhe izitshalo ezikwazi ukumelana nezikhukhula.”