UMaria Erokhova, uMseshi weJunior, FGBNU VNIIF
UMaria Kuznetsova, iNhloko yoMnyango WeZambane kanye Nezifo zemifino, OnguMvikeli Wezesayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo, FGBNU VNIIF
Ukuqhubeka kwezinto. Qala: I-Potato Y-virus: isifinyezo solwazi lwakamuva
Muva nje, amagciwane asephenduke ama-pathogen ayingozi kakhulu amazambane eRussia.
Ngo-Ephreli 14, 2020, i-World Potato Congress yabamba i-webinar enesihloko esithi Potato Virusi: The New Information. Ukuqoshwa kwe-webinar ngesiNgisi esizindeni somphakathi sekuvele kuthunyelwe kuwebhusayithi I-World Potato Congress.
Umphathi we-webinar kwakunguDkt. Alexander Karasev. Unguchwepheshe ohlonishwayo emkhakheni we-phytovirusology. U-Alexander Karasev uthole i-Ph.D. kwisayensi yemvelo evela eMoscow State University. M.V. I-Lomonosov enkulu ku-virology. Kusukela ngo-2006, ubesebenza e-University of Idaho (USA).
Ngesikhathi ku-webinar, uDkt Karasev wanaka ukuchaza kwamagciwane abalulekile kwezomnotho, phakathi kwawo waqamba ngawo Potato y-virus, ubhatata iqabunga curl virus (PLRV), igciwane le-rattle rattle (I-TRV) ne virus amazambane top panicle (PMTV).
Usosayensi waphawula ukuthi igciwane le-panicle le phezulu kwephazili libangela ukuqubuka okuphuzi emaqabungeni, ikakhulukazi kwabaphansi, kanye namamaki ama-V asezingxenye zamaqabunga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PMTV ibanga amahlumela amafushane. Ezinye izinhlobo eziseziqandisini zakha imivimbo yangaphakathi e-brown arched. I-Necrosis ingahle ibonakale noma ingabonakali ku-tubers. Uma ama-tubers athintekile atshaliwe, leli gciwane lidluliselwa ngaphansi kwesigamu sama-tubers endodakazi.
Isithwali se-PMTV si ISpongospora ngaphansi komhlaba f. sp. ngaphansi komhlaba.
Igciwane lesigaxa sikagwayi emaqabungeni lingavela njengokuthambisa, kepha lezi zimpawu azibonwa njalo. Kumabhulabhu, i-TRV ingavela njengemicu ye-necrotic arched kanye namabala enyameni. Ubukhulu bezimpawu bunokwehluka. Izilimo eziyizigaxa eziningi ezinegciwane le-TRV zinikeza izitshalo ezingenalo leli gciwane. I-TRV isatshalaliswa ngama-nematode. Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-nematode kuthakazelelwa ngumhlabathi onesihlabathi. Zisakazeka ngamanzi angaphezulu nalapho kuhanjwa inhlabathi.
Lapho izitshalo zithinteka igciwane le-potato leaf curl, iqabunga le-curl livela. Zingajika zibomvu noma ziphenduke zibe nsomi. Izitshalo ziba ophuzi ngokweqile, ukukhula kwazo kunciphe. Isigaxa esinsundu sakha amashubhu esifundeni sendandatho ye-vascular. Isimpawu esinjalo kuma-tubers sibizwa nge- "net necrosis." Imithombo yokutheleleka yizinhlamvu zembewu, "izitshalo zokuzithandela", ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PLRV iyabekezelelwa luhlaza peachy i-aphid.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ama-virus amazambane abhalwe phansi (i-Y-virus, igciwane le-potato leaf curl, i-virus top panicle virus kanye ne-virus rattle virus) ngonyaka ka-2019 athole isimo sokulawula izinambuzane ezingekho emthethweni zamazambane embewu e-EU, esidala ukwemukelwa kwemigudu yokulawula eyisiqalo ngakubo emazweni aseYurophu.
Njengengxenye yokuvikelwa okuhlanganisiwe, umbhali webinar uphakamise ukuthi kususwe imithombo yokutheleleka okuyisisekelo, ukulawulwa kwe-vector, ukuthuthwa kwendle okufanele ngesikhathi somsebenzi wezandla nangemishini, ukutshala kwezinhlobo ezingamelana nakho kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokutshala eziqinisekisiwe ezikhule kumazambane afanayo.