Inkinga enkulu yokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo zanamuhla izinga lembewu: umonakalo ofihliwe ungaholela ekunciphiseni kwesivuno. Mayelana nalokhu, ukuhlola izinga lembewu ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela noma ukuyigcina kunesithakazelo esikhulu esingokoqobo. Izinga lamanje lokuthuthukiswa kwezolimo lidinga ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezizenzakalelayo nezinembile zokuhlola ikhwalithi yembewu, okuvumela ukuthola inani eliphezulu lolwazi ngesikhathi esifushane.
Ngesisekelo se-St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI" ebizwa ngokuthi. PHAKATHI KANYE. U-Ulyanov (uLenin) usungule i-microfocus X-ray computed tomograph, engenawo ama-analogue eRussia, ezovumela ukuthola izithombe zembewu enezinhlangothi ezintathu ukuze kutholakale amaphutha amancane okwenziwa kwembewu. Lokhu kubikwa kuwebhusayithi inyuvesi.
“Ngokwesisekelo senyuvesi yethu, kuye kwasungulwa i-microfocus X-ray computed tomograph, eyenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthola ama-tomogram, okungukuthi, izithombe ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ezinesinqumo esiphezulu - ubukhulu obuncane besakhiwo esibonakalayo ama-micrometer ambalwa ( i-micrometer eyodwa iyinkulungwane yemilimitha). Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukwenza ucwaningo kanye nokuxilongwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene ngokunemba okuphezulu: kusukela ezintweni zakudala zemivubukulo kuya ezingxenyeni ze-elekthronikhi. Lesi sampula se-tomograph sizofika e-Nikitsky Botanical Garden ekupheleni konyaka, ngosizo lwayo kungenzeka kufundwe ukukhubazeka embewini yezitshalo,” kuphawula uViktor Borisovich Bessonov, uprofesa ohlanganyele woMnyango We-EPU eSt. Petersburg Electrotechnical. Inyuvesi "LETI".
Abacwaningi bayaqaphela ukuthi i-tomograph ethuthukisiwe iphakeme kunama-analogue angaphandle akhona ngenani lezimpawu. Ngakho-ke, umthombo we-X-ray owenziwe ku-LETI wenza kube nokwenzeka ukufeza ukulungiswa okuphezulu kakhulu namandla aphezulu okungena - lokhu kusho ukuthi i-tomograph ingakwazi ukuskena izinto zevolumu enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-tomographs afanayo emakethe namuhla.
Lokhu kufakwa kuthakazelisa ngokukhethekile lapho kwenziwa ucwaningo olunembayo lwembewu ngayinye ngokuqhathanisa okulandelayo kwe-tomogram yembewu namandla ayo okukhula kanye nokubikezela ukuhluma kwensimu. Imbewu, ngemuva kokuthwetshulwa ku-microfocus X-ray tomograph, igcina ukusebenza kwayo ngokuphelele, lokhu kuyadingeka ikakhulukazi lapho kuhlolwa ikhwalithi yamasampula ahlukahlukene kanye nama-hybrids avela eqoqweni lomhlaba le-VIR (All-Russian Institute of Plant Growing and Regional Variety Sites) .
I-tomograph iqukethe umthombo we-X-ray ofakwe ekamelweni elikhethekile lapho amasampula ocwaningo abekwa khona. Ukucutshungulwa kolwazi kwenziwa kusetshenziswa isofthiwe nayo eyakhiwe kwa-LETI. Ikuvumela ukuthi ubone ngeso lengqondo futhi wakhe kabusha idatha mayelana nezinto ezifundwayo. Ukufakwa kuhlanganiswe kusuka ezingxenyeni ezikhiqizwa ekhaya.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-tomograph ehlanganisiwe kungenye yamaphrojekthi endaweni enkulu yomsebenzi woMnyango Wezinsimbi Ze-elekthronikhi kanye namadivayisi we-St Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI" ukudala izinhlelo (amadivayisi, isofthiwe nezindlela zokusebenzisa) ze-microfocus. I-radiography yokuhlola okunembayo okuphezulu kwezinto ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi nokukhiqiza kokukhiqizwa kwezitshalo eRussia. Umsebenzi kule ndlela wenziwa ngaphansi kobuholi benhloko yomnyango wokulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi, u-Nikolai Nikolaevich Potrakhov.
Ngakho, ngo-2021, abasebenzi bomnyango we-EPU, kanye nochwepheshe be-Agrophysical Research Institute (AFI, eSt. njengezindlela zokuzisebenzisa. Isampula elisebenzayo lokufakwa linikezelwe kubasebenzi be-API ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-2022, iqembu lesayensi elivela ku-LETI kanye ne-Federal Scientific Center for Vegetable Growing (eMoscow) lakha indlela yokuhlonza amaphutha embewu yemifino isebenzisa i-radiography. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abacwaningi be-LETI, kanye nezinhlangano ezehlukene zesayensi, bahlela ukwakha izindlela zokuhlonza amaphutha ezintweni zembewu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo ezibalulekile kwezomnotho.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi iqembu lososayensi abavela e-AFI nase-St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", ngaphansi kobuholi bukaProfesa Mikhail Vadimovich Arkhipov, balungiselela izinga le-GOST kazwelonke R59603-2021 "Imbewu yezolimo. Izindlela ze-radiography yedijithali". Lo mbhalo uqale ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 2022. Iklanyelwe ukugqugquzela ukuthuthukiswa kwesisekelo sembewu yasekhaya, ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa kwembewu yezimboni zaseRussia kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika kwabakhiqizi bezolimo baseRussia kubahlinzeki bangaphandle.