UMnyango Wezolimo Wesifunda saseChelyabinsk usungule umqondo wokuthuthukiswa kokukhula kwamazambane nemifino, okubandakanya lezi zindawo ohlwini lwezinto eziza kuqala. Kusukela ngo-2022, ukwesekwa kombuso kwalezi zimboni kuzokwenyuka ngama-ruble ayizigidi eziyi-13,7 futhi kube ngama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-41.
Imiphumela yomsebenzi wabalimi bamazambane nemifino ngo-2021 kanye nethemba lokuthuthuka kwemboni kwaxoxwa ngakho emhlanganweni wokukhiqiza eMnyangweni Wezolimo wesifunda nezinhloko zamabhizinisi ezolimo, izinhloko zezikhungo zezimboni kanye nezinkampani zembewu.
Ngokusho kwePhini Lokuqala likaNgqongqoshe Wezolimo u-Alexander Zavalishchin, ochwepheshe bezimboni babephakathi kwabokuqala esifundeni ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva bezolimo futhi basebenzise izinqubo eziyisisekelo zokutshala amazambane, ama-beet, izaqathe, u-anyanisi neklabishi.
Ngo-2021, ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezingezinhle, isivuno esikhulu samazambane esifundeni saseChelyabinsk saba amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400 (kucatshangelwa isivuno sasekhaya), futhi izinhlangano zezolimo nabalimi bavuna amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-13 (15%) ngaphezu kuka-2020. , - amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100. Kwaqoqwa amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-96 emifino evulekile, okwaqoqwa amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-24 ezinhlanganweni zezolimo nasemapulazini.
Ukuze kugcinwe imifino namazambane, kunezindawo zokugcina izimboni esifundeni ezinomthamo ophelele wamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-174 okugcina ngasikhathi sinye.
Ngo-2021, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi, iRussia yathola isidingo esikhulu kakhulu samazambane nemifino, okuholele ekwenyukeni okukhulu kwamanani entengo. Ukuze kwandiswe izinga lokuzanelisa kwesifunda ngale mikhiqizo, esifundeni sase-Chelyabinsk, ngokuhambisana nomqondo othuthukiswe nguMnyango Wezolimo, ngo-2025 ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni zaminyaka yonke zemifino evulekile kuhlelwe ukuthi kwandiswe amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45, amazambane - amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-125. Ukufeza lokhu, kusukela ngonyaka ozayo, ukwesekwa kombuso wesifunda ekukhuleni kwemifino namazambane kuzokhuphuka ngama-ruble ayizigidi eziyi-13,7 futhi kube ngama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-41. Ngakho-ke, uxhaso olunxeshezelwa kuphela lokukhiqiza amazambane luzokhuphuka ngama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-2,5 (kuya kuma-ruble ayizigidi ezi-5,6) kanye noxhaso lokulinywa kwemifino “ye-borscht set” - u-anyanisi, izokwenyuka ngama-ruble ayizigidi ezi-3 (kuya kuma-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-4,9). , iklabishi. Ngo-2022, amapulazi azokwazi ukuthola uxhaso oluyisinxephezelo ekuqaleni kukaMashi, ngenxa yalokhu, isigaba sokuqala somncintiswano wokukhetha abazokwamukela sizobanjwa ngoDisemba nangoJanuwari walo nyaka.
Uxhaso lokukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwemifino luzokhuphuka lube ngama-ruble ayizigidi eziyi-17,2 (72%). Ukwesekwa okungahlobene okukhokhwa kwisabelomali sesifunda nakho kuhlala (iyunithi ngayinye yendawo yokutshala): amazambane akhulayo - ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-7,1, imifino - ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingu-6,2.
Uxhaso lokuthengwa kwembewu yezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zezolimo lukhuphuka ngama-ruble ayizigidi eziyi-1 - afinyelela ezigidini ezingama-56,2, ngaphakathi kohlaka lapho amapulazi, ngaphezu kwembewu yamanye amaqembu ezilimo, azokwazi ukuvuselela isikhwama sembewu yamazambane. ukuze kutholwe amazambane asezingeni eliphezulu.
Ngo-2021, amapulazi amahlanu athola uxhaso kule ndawo, ukubuyiselwa kwemali kwaba ama-ruble angaphezu kwesigidi, okwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukunxephezela u-29% wezindleko zokuthenga imbewu yamazambane aphakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngonyaka ozayo uxhaso lwesifunda lokuthengwa komanyolo wamaminerali luzokhuphuka lusuka kuma-ruble ayizigidi eziyi-100 kuye kwezingama-200, ngaphandle kwalokho ukukhulisa amazambane nemifino okungenanzuzo. Izinga lokuthenga umanyolo wamaminerali wokutshala amazambane nemifino lizoba phezulu kancane kunezinye izitshalo.
Ngaphakathi kohlaka lohlelo lokubuyisela kabusha, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zokusekela: imishini yamasiko, ukubuyisela amakhemikhali kanye ne-hydro-reclamation (kokubili kokugcina, u-50% wezindleko uyanxeshezelwa). Uhulumeni waseRussia usaqhubeka nokucubungula udaba lokuthandwa kwamapulazi agxile ekutshaleni amazambane nemifino endaweni evulekile njengengxenye yokuqaliswa kohlelo lokubuyiselwa kabusha kombuso.