Ithimba lososayensi lenze inhlanganisela yamakhemikhali entsha evimbela i-photosynthesis emaqabunga ezitshalo: ivimbela umsebenzi we-protein complex eyenza enye yezindlela eziyinhloko zenqubo - ukubola kwamanzi abe umoya-mpilo. Le nto ingaba yisibonelo semithi yokubulala ukhula elwa nokhula, kuyilapho ingenabungozi kubantu nasezilwaneni. Imiphumela yocwaningo, esekelwe uxhaso lwe-Russian Science Foundation (RNF), yashicilelwa kumagazini Amaseli, kubika I-Gazeta.ru.
I-Photosynthesis inqubo lapho izitshalo zihlanganisa izakhi eziphilayo ezivela ku-carbon dioxide namanzi. Kwenziwa ngosizo lwama-protein complexes amabili amakhulu - ama-photosystems 1 no-2 (PS1 kanye ne-PS2), ngayinye equkethe isikhungo sokuphendula, amaprotheni azungezile nezingulube. Ngaphansi kwesenzo sokukhanya kwelanga, i-chlorophyll esikhungweni sokusabela iyajabula futhi idlulisela ama-electron ayo kwamanye ama-molecule ku-photosystem. Ukuguqulwa kwama-electron okulandelayo kuhambisana nokuqoqwa kwama-molecule anamandla amakhulu, njenge-ATP, ahilelekile ekuhlanganiseni ama-organic compounds. Ukuntuleka kwama-electron ashiywe ku-chlorophyll kunxeshezelwa ngokubola kwama-molecule amanzi - kungale nqubo lapho kukhishwa khona umoya-mpilo njengomkhiqizo.
Ososayensi abavela ku-Institute of Fundamental Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Pushchino) nozakwabo baseGazi University (Turkey) baye bahlanganisa inhlanganisela entsha esekelwe ethusi kanye nocezu lwemvelo olucindezela i-photosynthesis emaqabunga. Ukuze banqume umphumela wento, ababhali bahlukanise ulwelwesi lwe-thylakoid olunothisiwe lwe-PS2 emaqabunga—izakhiwo ngaphakathi kwama-chloroplasts—futhi bengeza isixazululo senhlanganisela entsha ekumisweni okuwumphumela. Umphumela ovimbelayo wahlolwa ngokuthi kuncishiswe kangakanani ukukhululwa komoyampilo okubangelwa ukukhanya - ngokwesibonelo, izinga lawo lehliswe ngo-69%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wento wacwaningwa ngokuningi kokunye ukusabela okubonisa umsebenzi we-PS2: ngokwesibonelo, ukungezwa kwe-inhibitor kunciphisa ukukhanya kwe-chlorophyll ngesikhathi se-photosynthesis. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza kahle komuthi akuzange kushintshe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa kuncike kuphela ekugxilweni kwayo.
Ukuncipha kokukhishwa komoyampilo kubonise ukuthi isistimu yezithombe yayingasebenzi kahle. Kucatshangwa ukuthi okuhlosiwe okuyinhloko kwe-herbicide entsha isikhungo sokusabela se-protein complex: into ibophezela kumgogodla we-PS2 futhi iguqule isakhiwo sayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngokusho kososayensi, inqubo yokudlulisa icala phakathi kwezingxenye zochungechunge lwezokuthutha lwe-electron yaphazamiseka.
I-inhibitor ethuthukisiwe ingasetshenziswa ekudalweni kwe-herbicide entsha, ezosetshenziswa, isibonelo, ekulweni nokhula olukhula ngokushesha oluvela ngaphambi kokuhluma kwezitshalo. Njengoba ukubola kokubola kwamanzi kwenziwa kuphela esitokisini sesitshalo, umuthi wokubulala ukhula kungenzeka uphephe ngokuphelele kubantu nasezilwaneni.
“Senze inhlanganisela ezoqeda ngempumelelo izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingafuneki, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise kakhulu isivuno sezitshalo. Le datha ingaba yisisekelo esiyisisekelo sokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezisebenza ngempumelelo ekugxilweni okuphansi kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka, "kusho umbhali wokuqala womsebenzi, u-Sergey Zharmukhamedov, Ikhandidethi Yesayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo, Umcwaningi Oholayo e-Institute of Fundamental Biological Problems of the Russian. Isikhungo Sezesayensi.
Futhi, ososayensi abavela ku-Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology of the National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan (Baku), i-Institute of Plant Physiology eqanjwe ngo-K.A. Timiryazev (eMoscow), King Saud University (Saudi Arabia) kanye neMoscow State University eqanjwe nge-M.V. Lomonosov (eMoscow).