Yize kunjalo ngemuva kokuthi kwethulwe unswinyo ngokumelene neRussia, uHulumeni wanikela yonke imizamo yakhe ekubuyiselweni kanye nasekuthuthukisweni kwezolimo, imboni isaqhubeka ingazinzi. Izindlela zokusekela ziyakhiwa ukuze kukhuthazwe ezolimo.
Imikhombandlela yokulima
Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo sokwesekwa kombuso, lowo osebenza ngezolimo kufanele azijwayeze nokuhlukaniswa kwemisebenzi, ngoba izibonelelo kanye nezibonelelo kuzoncika ekuqondisweni komsebenzi.
Izinhlobo zomsebenzi wezolimo zifaka ukugcinwa, ukuthengiswa kanye nokuhamba ngemikhiqizo eseqedile, kanye nokwenza kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo.
Ngokwehlukana, kukhona ukwabiwa ngokuya ngendawo yebhizinisi:
• emngceleni wezindawo zokuhlala;
• kususelwa ezolimo ezikhona;
• ukwakhiwa kwe-turnkey;
• Ukuhlelwa kokubanjwa kwezolimo kude nezindawo ezinendawo enkulu yemisebenzi.
Ngokunjalo, uxhaso kubalimi luhlinzekwa ezindaweni ezithile: isinxephezelo ngezindleko zomanyolo, ukuthengwa kwezilwane zasepulazini, ukuqasha izakhiwo, ukuthuthukiswa kwezindawo eziqediwe, ukutshalwa kwezimali zokwenza umsebenzi omusha wokwakha kanye nokubuyiselwa kwemali kwemisebenzi ethile.
Umlimi waseNovice
Abahlaziyi bathi u-1/3 wokukhiqizwa ngokuphelele wepulazi usemapulazini amancane. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka ka-2019, uMnyango Wezolimo awugcinanga nje kuphela ukwandisa uxhaso lwabalimi abaqalayo, kodwa futhi wandisa nohla lwezinhloso lapho imali yesibonelelo ingaqondiswa khona.
Manje kunezindawo ezimbili eziqondiwe:
• ukuphuculwa kwezimo zokuhlala;
• ukuthuthukisa umnotho wesimanjemanje.
Ukwenza ngcono impilo yansuku zonke, inani eliphelele loxhasomali linikezwa kuhlu lwama-ruble angama-250, ngaphakathi kohlaka lwayo lapho kungenzeka khona ukwenza ukulungiswa esakhiweni sokuhlala, ukuthenga izindlu noma ukuthutha impahla, ukuhlinzeka ipulazi ngokuxhumana kwasendlini, nokukhokha imali mboleko yempahla ebanjiswayo.
Inani elabelwe ukuphucula umnotho lisemabhulini angama-1 kuya ku-500 futhi lingasetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni ezokuxhumana, ukulungisa izakhiwo zokukhiqiza, ukuthenga izinto zokutshala ezisezingeni eliphakeme kanye nomanyolo, ukwakha amaphrojekthi ezakhiwo ezizayo, ukuthenga imishini yokukhiqiza, izilwane, umhlaba.
Akuwona wonke umlimi ongathola uxhaso, kodwa munye kuphela ohlangabezana nezimo eziningi:
• zixhumane namabhizinisi amancane;
• abe nesipiliyoni sezolimo esedlula iminyaka eyi-10;
• Usomabhizinisi kumele abe nemfundo ephakeme emkhakheni wezolimo;
• Usomabhizinisi kufanele ahlinzeke ngezincwadi zezincomo ezivela ezindaweni aqashe kuzo;
• Kuyadingeka ukwenza uhlelo lwebhizinisi olunekhono;
• umlimi kumele abe nemali yakhe yokutshala okungenani izindleko eziyi-1/10;
• Ukuhlangenwe nakho kwebhizinisi kufanele kube okungenani iminyaka emi-2;
• umlimi kuzofanela aqinisekise imithombo yokuthengisa umkhiqizo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufiseleka ukuthi isigaba sokulima sisebenza futhi siyadingeka esifundeni esithile.
Ipulazi lomndeni lemfuyo
Enye isinyathelo sokuqala somlimi ukudala umkhiqizo, lapho wonke umndeni uzosebenza khona. Lapho isibalo semfuyo sidlula amakhanda ayikhulu, kuvunyelwe ukuheha isikhashana abasebenzi abaqashiwe ukuthi basize, kodwa hhayi abantu abangaphezu kwe-5.
Usizo ebhizinisini elinjalo lizoba ngaphezu kwama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-30 futhi kufanele limboze cishe ama-60% azo zonke izindleko. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani elisele aligcini emahlombe omlimi uqobo, kodwa futhi ikota yezimali kufanele itholakale ngesikhathi sokuthola uxhaso.
Izidingo ezibalulekile zokunikeza usizo zingokulandelayo:
• Abasebenzi basemapulazini kumele babe yizihlobo;
• Ukuba yisakhamuzi saseRussia okuphoqelekile nokuba khona kwemvume yokuhlala esifundeni lapho ibhizinisi likhona
• ukuhlanganyela ngqo ekwenzeni ibhizinisi;
• ukuba khona kwelinye ibhizinisi lomndeni osekuphele isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka lisebenza;
• Uxhaso olutholwayo kufanele lube ngolokuqala kumlimi.
Uxhaso kumafamu ampofu
Iphrojekthi yombuso ihlinzeka ngokuxhaswa kwezimali kumapulazi abampofu (abalimi). Inani lama-ruble ayizigidi ezi-1 lihlongoziwe ngokuya ngokwenziwa kokuphoqeleka kwendawo yokusebenza kuzo zonke izibonelelo ezisisigidi ezithathiwe. Futhi ungathola ama-ruble ayizigidi ezi-4, kepha kuzo kuzodingeka ukhokhe ama-25-50% esikhwameni se-yabathengi bezolimo, lapho umlimi kufanele abe yilungu laso.
Ukuthola lesi sibonelelo, umlimi kuzodingeka athumele kumaphrojekthi ekhomishini yokuncintisana yesifunda ukuze kuthuthukiswe umnotho wakhe, kanye nokubambisana lapho imali izotshalwa khona.
Ukuze indawo enkulu yezolimo ingatholi uxhaso, umfakisicelo kufanele ahlangabezane nemikhawulo ethile: uma kuyipulazi elincane, khona-ke kufanele ihlangabezane nenqubo yebhizinisi elincane, uma i-SPOK, kufanele ihambisane ne-209-FZ kaJulayi 24.07.2007, XNUMX maqondana nebhizinisi elincane.
Olunye uhlelo lubandakanya ukusekela i-SPOK ezindaweni ezimbili:
- isinxephezelo sengxenye yezindleko ezivela ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo yezolimo etholwe ngamanye amalungu e-SPOK;
- ukubuyiselwa kwezindleko ngemali engekho ngaphezulu kwama-50% ekuthengeni izilwane zasepulazini nemishini yamalungu e-SPOK noma ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo kuwo.
Uhlelo lolu luhlose ukusiza ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngabalimi, ikakhulukazi amapulazi azimele, kanye nokuhlanganisa abalimi abahlukanisayo emabambisene nabo.
Abalimi abancane nabaphakathi nendawo baxhaswa ngamanani athile wemali adingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe amabhizinisi abo, ngoba lapho inzuzo inyuka, womlimi nomtshalizimali wakhe, umbuso, bazosala bethola inzuzo.
Inqubo yokwaba uxhaso namuhla yileyo eqeda amathuba wokusebenzisa imali kabi. Umlimi ngamunye uzodingeka ahlinzeke ngohlelo lwebhizinisi, futhi, ngokulandelayo, namarisidi e-ruble ngayinye esetshenzisiwe. Ngakho-ke, usomabhizinisi ngokwakhe uzobona ngokusobala isu namathuba okuthuthuka kwebhizinisi lakhe, futhi umbuso uzothembela ekuthembekeni kwezimali ezitsaliwe.
Source: http://www.agropages.ru