Ukuqala kuka-2021 kwaba unyaka oneziyaluyalu kwezolimo zaseRussia. Ukushintshashintsha kwentengo kanye nezinguquko eziningi zokulawula ezifana nezabelo kanye nentela ephezulu yokuthekelisa okusanhlamvu nembewu kawoyela sekuvele kuthinte kabi okulindelekile kwabahlanganyeli bemakethe ngo-2021.
NgoJanuwari 19, 2021, abalimi bafunde ngohlelo lokwenyusa imali yokusebenzisa imishini yezolimo izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu. Ngokohlelo olusha, imali yokusebenzisa ugandaganda ngamunye isesigabeni sama-281-340 hp. izokhula isuka kuma-ruble angu-862 amanje. kufika ku-RUB 500, ngesivuni sokusanhlamvu esigabeni sama-3-001 HP kusukela ku-500 yamanje kuya kuma-ruble angu-256, kanye nesifutho esizishayelayo esigabeni se-325-1 hp. kusukela ku-121 yamanje kuya ku-250 ruble.
Ukwenyuka okungakaze kubonwe emazingeni emali esetshenziswayo kusongela ukuphazamisa ukuhlinzekwa kwezimpahla esezivele zinenkontileka kule sizini yamanje futhi kuzoholela ekwenyukeni kwamanani kulo lonke iketango kusukela ezinsizakalweni ngokwazo kuye ezintengo zokudla.
Lolu daba lwaxoxwa ngalo ngabahlanganyeli benkomfa ye-intanethi "Izici zokuncintisana kwe-Russian agro-industrial complex ngo-2021", eyenzeka ngo-February 3, 2021. Le ngqungquthela ihlelwe yi-Association of Agriculture machine dealers "ASHOD" ngokubamba iqhaza kwabakhiqizi nabathengisi bemishini yezolimo, kanye nezinyunyana eziholayo zezimboni zezolimo nezimboni: I-Russian Grain Union, Inyunyana Kazwelonke Yabakhiqizi Bobisi, I-Potato Union, i-Delovaya Rossiya, i-Association of Producers and Suppliers of Food Products "Rusprodsoyuz ".
Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwePhini likaMongameli we-Russian Grain Union u-Alexander Korbut, ekuqaleni, inhloso yokwethula imali yokusetshenziswa kwakuwukucindezela imishini yezolimo esetshenzisiwe evela emakethe yaseRussia, kodwa lokhu akuzange kuxazulule izinkinga zobunjiniyela bemishini. Ngenxa yalokho, imali yokusebenzisa izifutho ezizishayelayo izokwenyuka ngama-ruble ayizigidi ezimbili, ogandaganda bohlobo lwe-PTZ ngama-ruble ayizigidi ezi-2, ngenhlanganisela - ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyi-2. Lesi isengezo ezintengo ezivele zinyukile zemishini. Ezimweni lapho imali etholwa abalimi ilinganiselwe, ithuba lokuthenga lezi mishini liyehla ngokufanele, futhi lokhu kuzofaka ukwehla kwenzuzo yokukhiqiza kanye nokushoda kwemali yokuthuthukisa.
“Umbono wethu ofanayo umi kanje: ningenzi into ezoholela ekuwohlokeni kwesimo semakethe futhi kuxake imisebenzi yabakhiqizi bezolimo, futhi kunciphise ukufinyelela kwabo ezinsizeni. Ngakho-ke, indaba yokulungisa noma yokukhansela imali yokusebenzisa kulo nyaka, ngokombono wami, ibaluleke kakhulu, ”kusho u-Alexander Korbut.
Ekhuluma engqungqutheleni, uMongameli we-ASKHOD Association uPavel Repnikov uthe isinyathelo sokunyusa imali yokusetshenziswa asinaso neze isizathu esingokomnotho futhi sikhawulela ukufinyelela kwabakhiqizi bezolimo kubuchwepheshe obuphambili.
“Namuhla imishini ekhiqizwa eRussia ayisebenzi njengezimoto zakwamanye amazwe. Ingxenye yonke yezimoto ezizihambelayo eRussia ayikhiqizwa nhlobo noma ikhiqizwa ngokusebenza okulinganiselwe. Ezweni lethu, manje, ngokuyisisekelo, kukhiqizwa ogandaganda abakhulu abanamandla angama-300 hp nangaphezulu. nge. Imishini yamandla aphansi - kusuka ku-150 kuya ku-300 amalitha. nge. - Abakhi bemishini baseRussia empeleni abakhiqizi, nakuba manje sebengomunye wogandaganda abafunwa kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, isidingo esihlehlisiwe sizokhula: amabhizinisi azolinda ukuthi imali yokusebenzisa yehle, noma lapho amaholo abo enyuka, ”kukholelwa uRepnikov.
Abahlanganyeli bengqungquthela badonse ukunaka eqinisweni lokuthi isinyathelo sokwandisa ukuqoqwa kwemfucuza sithathwa ngesikhathi esifushane ngaphandle kokwazisa ngokufanelekile abahlanganyeli bemakethe enkulu - abakhiqizi bezolimo, kanye nangaphandle kwezizathu zezezimali nezendlela. “Umlimi omncane wezolimo angase angayitholi imali yokuthenga imishini ebiza kakhulu bese enqaba ukuyithenga. Futhi izabelo ezinkulu zezolimo zingase zikhansele amathenda okuthengwa kwezinto zokusebenza, njengoba imishini ekhuphukile intengo ngeke ingene kwisabelomali, esivame ukuhlelwa izinyanga eziyisithupha. Isilinganiso sesikhathi sokukhulisa izinga lokusetshenziswa asinikezi ithuba lokuthi abahlinzeki bemishini noma umkhiqizi wezolimo baphendule, ”kusho uDmitry Vostrikov, umqondisi omkhulu weRusprodsoyuz Association of Food Producers and Suppliers. Uphinde wengeza ngokuthi ukwenyuka kokuqoqwa kukadoti kuzokhinyabeza ukukhula kwezindleko zokukhiqiza ezolimo futhi kugcine kuholele ekunyukeni kwentengo yokudla.
Imali yokusetshenziswa izobathinta kanjani imakethe yemishini yezolimo? Lo mbuzo uphakanyiswe engqungqutheleni ebibhekiswe kwabamele osomabhizinisi.
U-Sergey Didenko, inhloko yehhovisi elimele uJohn Deere eRussia, ukhathazeke kakhulu ngalokho okwenzekayo okwamanje ngodaba lwemali yokusebenzisa. Ngokubona kwakhe, ekugcineni, zonke izindleko zizodluliselwa kumkhiqizi wezolimo mayelana nokuthengwa kwemishini. Okusho ukuthi, labo bantu asebevele banenkontileka yemishini, futhi baningi babo, kuzodingeka bathole imali eyengeziwe ngo-April futhi bakhokhe.
Akufanele uthathe izinqumo ngokuxhamazela. Ukubonisana kwebhizinisi nemithetho ecacile yomdlalo kuyadingeka. Uma isinqumo esisalungiswa sihlala singashintshile, inkampani kuzofanele ilungise izinhlelo zayo. Kuzofanele sinyuse amanani entengo kubakhiqizi bezolimo, okusho ukuthi, umphumela wokugcina walolu hlelo lomthetho uzobandakanya isimo esingesihle,” kusho uDidenko.
"Ukwethulwa kokuqoqwa kwemfucuza ngokungangabazeki kuzoholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zemishini kanye nezimoto ezizihambelayo ngo-10-20%," kukholelwa ukuthi uTatyana Fadeeva, uMqondisi Jikelele we-AGCO-RM, "ukuthengiswa kwemishini evela kwamanye amazwe kuyingxenye ye uhlelo lokwakhiwa kwemishini yezolimo kanye nesixhumanisi esibalulekile hhayi kuphela ekugcwaliseni ukuqoqwa kukadoti kuphela, kodwa nasezindlekweni eziphuma kwamanye amazwe, kanye ne-VAT. Ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela olindelekile wokwandisa isabelomali kusukela ekukhokhweni kokuqoqwa kwemfucuza ngokunyuka okuningi kangaka, kubalulekile ukugcina umthamo wokungenisa, okusanda kuntengantenga futhi okungazange kudlule u-15% wesamba esiphelele sezolimo. imikhiqizo. Noma yiliphi inani lokuqoqwa kukadoti eliphindaphindwa ngokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe liqanda. Ukwenyuka okuphawulekayo okunjalo kweqoqo kuphazamisa ibhalansi futhi kuzoholela ekwehleni kwezinto ezithengwayo. Futhi lokhu kuzoba nomthelela kuyo yonke i-agro-industrial complex ”.
Ngakho-ke, lesi sinyathelo siphambene neqhinga likaHulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia lokunqanda ukukhuphuka kwamanani okudla futhi kungase kuncishe umkhakha wezolimo izinsiza zezezimali ukuze uthuthuke.
Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka ingqungquthela, kwenziwa ucwaningo mayelana nesimo sengqondo semiphakathi yezolimo nabadayisi mayelana nokwenyuswa kwezimali zokugaywa kabusha kanye nemiphumela engase ibe khona embonini. U-91% wabaphenduli ubemelene kakhulu nokwanda kokuqoqwa kukadoti ngo-2021. U-85% uphendule ngokuthi ukwanda kokusetshenziswa ngeke kube nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kokwakhiwa kwemishini yasekhaya, futhi u-88% wabahlanganyeli ulindele ukwehla okuqinile noma okulinganiselwe kwenzuzo yokukhiqiza kwezolimo ngo-2021.