Esifundeni sasePavlovsky esiseKuban, kwaba nomhlangano wesifunda ngokusetshenziswa kwgesi yezimoto kwezolimo nakwezokuxhumana. Khuluma ngokuguqula ogandaganda futhi uhlangane kusuka kukadizili kuya kugesi owonakalisiwe bekuyinto eqhubekayo eningizimu isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka. Isizathu sisobala: izindleko zikaphethiloli nezithambisi ziyakhula ngaso sonke isikhathi, kugxoba phansi okuvele akuyona inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu ye-agribusiness. Kepha, njengoba ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa, ngaphandle kokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kukahulumeni kwengqalasizinda, akunakwenzeka ukudlulisela imishini kugesi. Ngabe umbuso usukulungele ukusiza ama-agrarians futhi ngabe unengqondo ngokomnotho?
- Namuhla ilitha likadizili libiza kakhulu kunophethiloli wama-92. Lesi esinye sezindleko ezinkulu emkhakheni! - umlimi wesifunda saseRostov, u-Roman Aleinikov, wenza isenzo esingenakuzisiza. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, akafuni ukudlulisela okokusebenza kwakhe kuphethiloli. Uthi kubiza kakhulu, ngoba konke "ukugxishwa" kukogandaganda kuzofanele kuguqulwe. Futhi ukuya egalaji eliseduze legesi ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-20. Kuyadingeka, ngakho-ke, ukubeka uhlobo oluthile lomgqomo okhethekile egcekeni futhi ngezikhathi ezithile uluse egalaji likaphethiloli ukuyofaka uphethiloli. Ngenxa yalokho, lo mbono awusoze wakhokha, usomabhizinisi wanquma. Kuliqiniso, akazi ukuthi kubiza malini ukuguqula ezokuthutha kwezolimo zibe igesi, nokuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zosizo zombuso.
Inhloko yeFarmers Association kaDon, uVadim Bandurin, iphawula ukuthi umqondo wokusebenzisa igesi awunasizathu sangempela futhi usuzibonakalisile ngokuphelele. Kepha ukholelwa futhi ukuthi ukuguqula iningi lobuchwepheshe eningizimu bufake ugesi ohlukile eminyakeni ezayo akunakwenzeka.
- Impela, abalimi bafuna ukonga uphethiloli kanye namafutha okugcoba, futhi lesi isici esibalulekile esihle. Kepha kunezinkinga ezinkulu ngokusetshenziswa komqondo, kusho uchwepheshe. - Okokuqala, namuhla azikho izinto zolimo ezinamandla angesi uqobo, hhayi isitshalo esikhulu esisodwa-ziyakhiqiza. Alukho uhlelo lokusetshenziselwa imishini enjalo emkhakheni wezolimo. Akukacaci ukuthi izinjini ezinamandla zizosebenza kanjani kugandaganda futhi zihlangane. Okubaluleke kakhulu, namuhla uhlelo lokunikezela ngogesi lwemishini yezolimo idinga amandla okuphoqelela ukukhuphuka ngqo egcekeni lomshini nasensimini. Ngakho-ke, sikhuluma ngokwakhiwa kweziteshi zikaphethiloli ngqo ezinhlanganweni zezolimo ngephakethe elihambisana nemibhalo, ukuvunyelwa nokunye.
Ngokwemininingwane esemthethweni, kuphela amaphesenti angu-4,4 wemishini eseDon namuhla esebenzisa uphethiloli, naseKrasnodar Territory engomakhelwane - amaphesenti angama-38. Abalimi bathi lokhu kungesinye sezizathu, ingqalasizinda. Esifundeni saseRostov kuneziteshi ezigcwalisa igesi eziyi-11 kuphela, eKuban sekuvele kune-18. Eqinisweni, kunezinye eziningi (futhi zisebenza ngamandla). Kepha noma lokho kwakwanele ukuthi umphumela ungeqhathaniswe. Iziphathimandla zeDon zikwazi kahle lokhu futhi zithembisa ukuthi ngo-2022 inethiwekhi yeziteshi zokugcwalisa igesi izokhula iye ku-39. Ngokusho kukahulumeni wesifunda, abatshalizimali abazimele abayi-10 sebevele bakhangwa ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda yokugcwalisa igesi esifundeni saseRostov, abathi umemezele izinhlelo zokwakha izakhiwo eziyi-13. Futhi eKalmykia engomakhelwane, ngasendleleni, banqume nokwakha inethiwekhi yeziteshi zokugcwalisa. Umtshalizimali uhlose ukuvula amagalaji ayisikhombisa asebenza nge-methane. Kuningi kakhulu esifundeni esincane kangaka.
Enye inkinga: ezindaweni zasemakhaya, ngisho neziteshi ezikhona zogesi zikude kakhulu nezindawo lapho kutholakala khona imishini. Ngakho-ke, abalimi abaningi kuyodingeka bazenzele eyabo imishini yokushayela neziteshi zikaphethiloli. Kepha, njengoba ukuzijwayeza kukhombisa, ngisho nalokhu kushoda kungaguqulwa kube yinselela: uma abalimi esigodini ngokwabo bafuna ukuvula iziteshi zabo zerhasi, bangakwazi ukwenza imali enhle. Kunokuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo kwezolimo e-Kuban. Ngokwokuphathwa kwesifunda, lesi yisiza sokuqala eRussia lapho kufakwa khona isiteshi sophethiloli wegesi yenjini epulazini ngqo. Kakade manje, hhayi ukuthutha umlimi kuphela, kepha nezithuthi zokuhamba ziyanda lapha. Umthamo wesiteshi uma ufinyelela umthamo ophelele kuzoba izimoto ezingama-200 ngosuku.
Ngokusho kukaViktor Zubkov, inhloko yabaqondisi bebhodi lakwaGazprom, inethiwekhi yeziteshi zikagesi kuleli lizwe namhlanje inezindawo ezingama-446. - Impela, lokhu akwanele. Kepha uhulumeni waseRussia wanquma ukwaba imali yokwakhiwa kweziteshi nemishini yokuphinda usebenzise izinto zokuhamba. Kulo nyaka, izifunda eziyi-17 zizothola ukwesekwa, ngonyaka ozayo - ezingama-27, kusho lowo mhlangano. Kukhona nemikhawulo yemithetho. Manje imishini yokufukula yezolimo evunyelwe kuphela endaweni elukhuni. Ngokuya ngemithetho ekhona, ngisho namathangi eselula “asemthethweni” efektri awakwazi ukwenza lokhu endle. Ngokusho kukaMbusi we-Krasnodar Territory Veniamin Kondratiev, lokhu kungenye yezinto ezimbalwa ezenqabela ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamafutha emvelo. Emhlanganweni, waphakamisa ukuthi kuchitshiyelwe imithetho yezobuchwepheshe futhi avumele ukwandiswa kwemishini yezolimo ensimini. Bathembise ukuthi bazolwenza lolu daba.
Umbono
UDmitry Belyaev, umhleli weNational Agrarian Agency
Ngokuvamile, abalimi basabela kahle ekuguqulweni kwegesi, bafunde ukubala imali. Kepha lokhu kudinga izinto ezimbili: ingqalasizinda ethuthuke kahle yokufaka uphethiloli nosizo lukahulumeni. Umbuzo uthi ngubani ozokhokhela ukwakhiwa okukhulu kwamanethiwekhi ezweni. Izifunda futhi ikakhulukazi omasipala ngeke bayithole imali yalokhu. Uma iGazprom ithatha zonke izindleko eziyinhloko, izosheshisa kakhulu inqubo. Ngokuqondene nosizo. Namuhla, sekuvele kunezinhlelo zombuso ezikhuthaza ukuguqukela "enjini yegesi", ngokwesibonelo, izinzuzo kubalimi lapho bethenga imishini enjalo, futhi kusukela ngo-2019, imixhaso yokuthengwa kwezakhiwo zokugcwaliswa kwamaselula. Kepha lezi zinhlelo zidinga ukwandiswa. Isibonelo, ukuxhaswa kwabakhiqizi bemishini enjalo yezolimo eRussia kungakhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwamamodeli amasha nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ngobuningi. Lapho-ke wonke umuntu uzobona ukuthi kunengqondo ukutshala imali kule mboni, amabhizinisi amancane azobe ekhuthele kakhulu ekwakheni iziteshi zikagesi ezincane ezindaweni zasemakhaya, njalo njalo.