Njengomholi emhlabeni jikelele endaweni kanye nasekukhiqizeni amazambane okuphelele, i-China sekuyisikhathi eside isalela emuva kubalimi abaningi bamazambane ngokwesivuno. Isizathu kwaba ukuntuleka kwezinhlobonhlobo ezikhiqiza kakhulu esizikhethele zona kanye nokuntuleka kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zembewu.
Kule minyaka engu-20 edlule, izwe lenze umsebenzi omkhulu ukulungisa lesi simo. Izinkanyezi zangempela ziye zavela kuphothifoliyo yezwe yezinhlobonhlobo.
I-Xisen 6 yaziwa njengenye yezimpumelelo ezinhle kakhulu zokuzalanisa amaShayina. Ngo-2016, yagunyazwa yi-Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Main Crop Avoval Committee kanye neKomiti Likazwelonke Lokuhlola Izinhlobonhlobo Zamazambane.
Njengamanje, isivuno salezi zinhlobonhlobo endaweni etshalwayo ye-Inner Mongolia ivamise ukuba ngu-75 t/ha.
Izinhlobonhlobo zinesayizi enkulu ye-tuber (e-China, usayizi we-tuber ojwayelekile ngu-7+), okuqukethwe kwento eyomile ephezulu (24%), okuqukethwe okuphansi kokunciphisa ushukela (0,14%), okulungele kokubili ukuthengiswa nokucutshungulwa okusha. Itshalwa ngenkuthalo ezweni lonke, okuvumela amakhulu ezinkulungwane zabalimi ukuthi bakhulise iholo labo.
Namuhla, abafuyi basebenzela ukwakha izinhlobonhlobo ezinezici ezidlula lezo ze-Xisen 6. Ukuze kusheshiswe le nqubo, ososayensi bakulungele ukusebenzisa izindlela ezintsha kakhulu, ngisho nezasemkhathini. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi emkhathini, imbewu ivezwa emisebeni eminingi nemisebe enamandla, kanye nezinye izimo ezimbi kakhulu, njenge-microgravity kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, angabangela izinguquko zofuzo cishe okungenakwenzeka ukufeza ngokusebenzisa imithombo yemisebe yasemhlabeni. Ngasekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, imbewu yamazambane engu-20 eyayisemkhathini izinyanga eziyisithupha kumkhumbi-mkhathi i-Shenzhou 000 ibuyele eMhlabeni. Ekuqaleni kuka-March, bahluma, base bedluliselwa endaweni yokushisa ukuze bakhiqize, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili, ama-microtubers aqoqwe. Kodwa okwamanje, lesi kumane kuyisiqalo sokuhlolwa.
“Imbewu iwukhiye wokuphepha kokudla eChina. Ukubamba imbewu ngokuqinile ezandleni kuphela lapho ukudla kungaqinisekiswa futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuvikeleka kokudla kwezwe. Imithombo yembewu kufanele izimele futhi ilawulwe, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza imbewu kufanele buthembele emandleni nasemandleni abo,” lesi sitatimende sikaMongameli uXi Jinping, asenza ngesikhathi evakashele elabhorethri yembewu yaseYazhouwan ngo-2022, sikhombisa ngokusobala ukubaluleka kokukhiqizwa kwembewu iziphathimandla zezwe.
Imbewu yamazambane engenagciwane ikhiqizwa ezindaweni ezinezintaba zaseChina. Lezi zindawo zinezinzuzo eziyingqayizivele zokuhlela ukukhiqizwa kwembewu: ukuphakama kusuka ku-1800 m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle, isimo sezulu esibandayo esimaphakathi, umehluko omkhulu wokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku, kanye nokungabikho kwezinambuzane ezithwala amagciwane.
Uhulumeni wezwe ukhuthaza ukwakhiwa kwamabhizinisi ezimbewu ezizimele ezindaweni ezinjengalezi, egcizelela ukuthi kubalimi abaningi bakuleli, ukukhiqizwa kwembewu, ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo yesifunda, kanye nokungena kwabo ezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe kuyithuba langempela lokukhohlwa ubumpofu.
I-China ithumela amazambane angenagciwane eSaudi Arabia, Turkey, Egypt, Nicaragua nakwamanye amazwe.
Amazwana
UDkt. Hu Bai Geng, iMenenja Jikelele Xisen Izambane Izimboni Group Company Limited
- E-China, ikakhulukazi izinhlobonhlobo zamazambane ezitshalwa etafuleni. Umbala okhethiwe wesikhumba uphuzi, umhlophe futhi ubomvu, umbala oyintandokazi we-pulp uphuzi. Amazambane aphephuli adingeka kancane.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zokuzalanisa amaShayina: Xisen 3, Xisen 6, Zhongshu 5, Jizhangshu 12, Longshu 7, Lishu 6, Longshu 10, Minshu 1, Jinshu 16, Yunshu 505, Qianshu 8, E malingshu 16, njll. Izinhlobo ezidumile zakwamanye amazwe : Favorita , Atlantic, Shepody.
Amazambane athosiwe: Shepody, Innovator, Kexin 17; kuma-chips: Atlantic, Kexin16, Zhangshu 7, Jinshu 2, Dongnong 310; okwesitashi: Kexin 12, Tianshu 10, Neishu 7, Dongnong 310, Huashu 1, Jinshu 5.
Abafuyi baseShayina bayaqhubeka nokusebenza ekuletheni imikhiqizo emisha ethembisayo emakethe. Umsebenzi wososayensi uwukwenza izinhlobo ezehlisa inani lezibulala-zinambuzane nomanyolo ngesikhathi kulinywa. ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwamanzi ukuchelela. Abalimi badinga futhi izinhlobo ezimelana nosawoti womhlaba kanye nezinye izingcindezi.
I-China isithuthukise ukukhiqizwa kwembewu yamazambane, amapulazi embewu akhiqiza izinto ezingenalo igciwane, futhi bambalwa abalimi bamazambane ezindaweni ezikude abasebenzisa izigaxa zangonyaka odlule njengembewu.
Kwamukelwe indinganiso kazwelonke yembewu yamazambane. Ikhodi kazwelonke ejwayelekile: GB18133-2012.