Izinhlobo ezintsha zamazambane ezifuywe ohlelweni lokuzalanisa i-Texas A&M zingangena maduze emakethe yokuthosa yaseFrance, kusho u-Isabelle Weils, umfuyi wamazambane eTexas A&M AgriLife, kubika Ingosi ye-Phys.org.
Osukwini lwakamuva lwenkundla emathafeni aseningizimu eduze kwaseSpringlake, u-Vales ukhulume ngama-clones amasha. amazambane.
"Sijabule kakhulu ukuba ne-clone yokuhlola yezambane elinsundu ngokukhanyayo elinenyama ensomi enendawo ekhetheke kakhulu: isitashi esiphezulu ngisho nasezimo zokushisa ezicindezela kakhulu zaseTexas," kusho u-Weils.
Isiphambano sokuqala senziwa eColorado, futhi ukukhethwa kwenziwa eTexas.
"I-clone yokuhlola i-COTX08063-2Ru ine-gravity ethile ephakeme ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo eziphezulu. umthwalo wokushisa eTexas futhi kwenza okuhle kakhulu ama-fries ama-french. Sekungunyaka wesibili lo mlingisi ebhekene nezivivinyo zikazwelonke.”
Inani lesitashi kuma-tuber amazambane liyisici esikhulu ekunqumeni ukusetshenziswa kwalo. Amazambane anesitashi esiphezulu avame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenza ukudla okugayiwe okufana nama-french fries, chips, namazambane omisiwe.
U-Weils ugcizelele ukuthi uhlelo lokuzalanisa amazambane lwase-Texas A&M luyingxenye ye-Southwest Regional Potato Variety Development Project, iphrojekthi exhaswe yi-USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
“ISouthwest Programme yasungulwa ngo-1997 futhi sigubha iminyaka engu-25 yokusebenzisana ngempumelelo,” kusho yena.
I-Texas A&M University, Colorado State University kanye ne-UC Davis baqale i-Southwest Regional Potato Varieties Project ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukile zomkhakha wamazambane wakulesi sifunda, kusho uWales.
"E-US, izinhlelo eziningi zokuzalanisa amazambane ziqhutshwa uhulumeni," kusho u-Weils. - Izinga lokubambisana ekuzaleni amazambane alinakuqhathaniswa; amazambane atshalwa ngaphansi kohlelo oluseNingizimu-ntshonalanga atshalwa kulo lonke elase-United States naseCanada. Esifundeni esiseNingizimu-ntshonalanga, siphinde sihlole amazambane atshalwe ngaphansi kwezinye izinhlelo zesifunda. ”
Ubuye wengeza ngokuthi nakuba uxhaso lukahulumeni luwumthombo oyinhloko walolu hlelo, ezinye izimali zivela eminyangweni kahulumeni yezolimo, amaqembu kazwelonke afana ne-US Potato, i-foundation, kanye nezinye. Uxhaso olungeziwe luvela emalini etholwe ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhishwe ngaphansi kwe-Texas A&M's. Uhlelo Lokuvikela Izinhlobonhlobo Zezitshalo ze-PVP.
"Sibe nama-clones ahlukene angu-180 kulo nyaka nge-Field Day," esho.
Amazinga okushisa aphezulu phakathi nenkathi yokukhula ayingcindezi enkulu ye-abiotic ezindaweni eziningana zokukhiqiza esifundeni esiseNingizimu-ntshonalanga, kusho u-Weils. Ukucindezeleka kokushisa kungabangela ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba futhi kuthinte kabi isivuno kanye nekhwalithi yezilimo eziyizigaxa. Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezivunwa ensimini zahlolwa ukuthi zingakwazi yini ukushisa kwangaphakathi i-tuber necrosis, imifantu yokukhula, ukunqwabelana koshukela oncishisiwe, umgogodla onsundu, umgogodla ongenalutho, kanye namahlumela okushisa.
“Izinhlobo zamazambane esiwakhayo ziza ngobukhulu obuhlukahlukene be-tuber, ukwakheka, isikhumba nenyama, kanye nemibala ukuze ihambisane nezidingo zemakethe ezahlukene,” kusho u-Weils. “Isibonelo, sifuna ama-clones anama-tubers amancane amaningi. Sitshala namazambane ama-bicolor. Muva nje sithole izilimo eziyizigaxa eziyindilinga, ngokubomvu ngokunsundu anamehlo apinki nenyama ephuzi."
Ngokusho komfuyi, izinhlobo ze-Texas A&M Norkotah Russet zisaqhubeka nokuthandwa kakhulu, ezinamalayisensi angama-35 ezifundazweni eziyi-12. Lawa amazambane ansundu ngokubomvu emakethe entsha. Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbili ezinsundu ngokubomvu ezikhula ngokuduma i-red-brown Reveille, esiphindeke kabili endaweni kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2021, kanye neVanguard ensundu ngokubomvu. Ukubekezelela ukushisa kanye nokulala isikhathi eside kwezinhlobo ezibomvu-nsundu i-Reveille ne-Vanguard yizici ezikhangayo kubalimi base-US naseCanada.
Selokhu kwaqala i-Southwest Potato Variety Development Project, izinhlobo ezintsha ezingama-66 sezikhishiwe noma zakhululwa ngokuhlanganyela nezinye izikhungo. Ezingu-44 zazo ziseColorado naseTexas.
"Lezi zinhlobo zamazambane zithatha ingxenye enkulu futhi ekhulayo yendawo yezitshalo zamazambane yezwe futhi ibe negalelo elikhulu emnothweni wesifunda nowezwe," kusho u-Weils.