Manje, ezingadini zabahlali base-Amur, ezitshalweni zamazambane, kungenzeka ukuthola ngeso lenyama isilokazane esinepulphagous - i-ladybug enamaphuzu angama-28 noma i-epilyakhna. Ama-ladybugs amazambane adla kakhulu eziqongweni zamazambane, kepha ngenjabulo adla amaqabunga kapelepele, utamatisi, isitshalo seqanda, ikhukhamba, ithanga, amanye amakhabe, ummbila, ubhontshisi.
U-Epilyakhna akasona esinye sezinambuzane ezaqhamuka ngaphandle zaya esifundeni sase-Amur. “Ungowokuzalwa eFar East, futhi uhlala lapha kudala ngaphambi kokuvela kwendoda. Ukunwebeka nje ukutshala amazambane, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezasekhaya, lapho kungekho mpi ehlelekile yokulwa nawo, ngokwemvelo kubangele ukwanda kwabantu, ”kusho uPavel Zhirnov, inhloko yomnyango waseBlagoveshchensk wegatsha laseRosselkhoztsentr esifundeni sase-Amur.
I-ladybird yamazambane esifundeni sase-Amur inikeza isizukulwane esisodwa ehlobo. Ngemuva kokubekwa ngaphezulu kwamanzi ngaphansi kwe-udoti wehlathi onqenqemeni lwehlathi, ngaphansi kwezinqwaba zezinsalela zezitshalo emasimini nasendlini engaphezulu yomhlabathi, ama-ladybugs aphuma ayokondla maphakathi noMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ubulukhuni basebusika be-epilyakhna buphakeme kakhulu, amabhungane awo awafi emazingeni okushisa aze afike ku -45C °, ukufa ngobuningi kwe-ladybird kuphawulwa kuphela ebusika ngeqhwa elincane kanye nesithwathwa kakhulu. Esifundeni sase-Amur, kubuhlungu ngisho nasesifundeni iTyndinsky, esaziwa ngesimo sezulu esibi.
Ngokombono wokuthi ugcwala kakhulu ngaphansi kokungcola kwehlathi, le ntokazi ibanga ukulimala okukhulu kwamazambane endaweni enamahlathi. Ezifundeni ezigasele kule ndawo, mncane, yize eminyakeni edlule kube nokuthambekela kokukhulisa isibalo sazo. Amabhungane ale ntokazi enamaphoyinti angama-28 adla ipuleti lamaqabunga lapho edla, ngaphandle kokuthinta imithambo, ngamanye amagama, agxobha amaqabunga. Amahlamvu anjalo alimele ngokushesha aphuzi bese ewa. Ngaphezu kokubhubhisa amaqabunga, ama-epilahnas athwalela izifo eziyingozi ezibangelwa amagciwane, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isivuno samazambane sincipha ngo-10-100%, okuqukethwe kwesitashi ezisezilimo eziyizigaxa kuyancipha.
“Ngemuva kokudla okumnandi kwamaqabunga amazambane amancane, intokazi eyizambane, kusukela ngoJuni kuya maphakathi no-Agasti, iqala ukubeka amaqanda,” kusho uPavel Zhirnov. - Ukuzala kwe-ladybird kuphakeme kakhulu - amanye amaqhawekazi abesifazane aletha amaqanda angama-2 6. Amaqanda achamisela izibungu eziphuzi, eziyindilinga, ezingafika ku-28 mm ubude, ezinemigqa yezinsipho ezimnyama - izinaliti, nokho, ezingakwazi ukuhlaba noma ngubani, njengoba zithambile kakhulu. Isikhathi sabo sonke sokuphila sicishe sibe yinyanga eyodwa, izibungu, zilingisa abazali bazo, zidla kakhulu amaqabunga, futhi ziwanika namathambo. Ngakho-ke, ku-ladybird onamaphoyinti angama-28, zombili izinyoni kanye nezibungu ziyingozi. Lapho-ke izibungu ziyaphenduka futhi ziphenduke amabhungane amancane. Amabhungane amancane, ngaphambi kokuya ezindaweni zokuhlala ebusika, adla kakhulu, futhi ukukhuluphela okunjalo kwamafutha asebusika kwenzeka kusukela maphakathi no-Agasti kuze kube sezulu sokuqala esibandayo - maphakathi no-Septhemba. " Ochwepheshe bomnyango wokuvikela izitshalo wegatsha le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhoztsentr" baxwayisa ngokuthi indlela eyinhloko yokulwa ne-ladybird yamaphoyinti angama-2 amakhemikhali, avumela ukutshala amazambane ukuqeda lesi silokazane okungenani amasonto amabili ngemuva kokufafaza . Ukuze amazambane akhulile aphephe empilweni, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kwenziwa okungenani izinsuku ezingama-30 ngaphambi kokuvunwa. Lesi isikhathi okuthiwa ukulinda.
Ngemiyalo eminingi yokusebenzisa umuthi, le nkathi isethwe ngezinsuku eziyi-10-25. Esifundeni sase-Amur, ehlobo kubanda kakhulu kunaseYurophu yaseYurophu, lapho izidakamizwa ezithengiswayo zahlolwa khona, ngakho-ke izidakamizwa zibola kancane futhi isikhathi sokuwohloka kwazo okuphelele ezitshalweni siyanda. Ngemuva kokulinda izinsuku ezingama-30, izithelo ezisetshenzisiwe zizobe ziphephile. Kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokunembile umthamo womuthi, ngokuya ngemiyalo enamathiselwe, ngaphandle kwesimo sokudla ngokweqile isilinganiso esinconywayo sesicelo, kodwa hhayi ukusibukela phansi. Kuphela uma usebenzisa umthamo onconyiwe, amanani asele omuthi kumkhiqizo ngeke angalimazi. Ungasebenzisi izidakamizwa eziphelelwe yisikhathi, eziphelelwe yisikhathi nezingagunyaziwe. Uma uhlela ukwelashwa okungaphezu kokukodwa ngesizini, bese usebenzisa izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene ngesithako esisebenzayo esehlukile. Lokhu kuzosiza ekugwemeni ukuvela kwezinambuzane ezingalweli emithini. Ukungahlanganisi ukunqwabelana kwezinto ezinobungozi, kunconyelwa ukwenza ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwe-2 yamakhemikhali ezitshalo zemifino nezithelo ngonyaka ngamunye esifundeni sase-Amur. Ukuze ugweme ukufa kwezinyosi, akunakwenzeka ukwenza ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali wezitshalo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kungenzeka kuphela ngaphambi noma ngemuva. Ngokuvamile kungcono ukusika izimbali ezihlahleni zamazambane, ukuvumela izakhamzimba ziye ekwakhekeni kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, hhayi ekuqhakambiseni okungenamsebenzi. Kungcono ukwenza ukucubungula ngokushesha nezindawo ezingomakhelwane, khona-ke ukufa kwezilokazane kuzobe kungaphezulu. Kuphephile ukulungiselela ukulungiselela ukwelapha izitshalo emgodini ojwayelekile wegesi noma nge-RPG respirator. I-Cotton-gauze, izindwangu zokugqoka azikwazi ukuvikela izitho zakho zokuphefumula kusuka kumakhemikhali. Gqoka izingubo ezimboza umzimba wakho ngokuphelele. Isitsha esisetshenzisiwe, isixazululo esisele kumele sichithwe ngokuqinile ngokwemiyalo efakwe kulungiselelo.
Ochwepheshe beRosselkhoztsentr batusa le mithi elandelayo: Commander, VRK (isakhi esiyinhloko somuthi obulala ngqo izinambuzane yi-imidacloprid), Iskra - Zolotaya, P Tanrek, VRK, Corado, VRK (isithako esisebenzayo - imidacloprid), Aktara, VDG (isithako esisebenzayo - thiamethoxam). Vikela emavikini angama-2-3 izidakamizwa ezinjengeQi-Alpha, EC (into esebenzayo - i-alpha-cypermethrin), i-Kinmix, i-EC (into esebenzayo - beta-cypermethrin), i-Lightning, i-EC (into esebenzayo - i-lambda-cyhalothrin). Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuthi ositshalweni ubola kakhulu kangangokuba ungabi yingozi ezinambuzaneni. Amalungiselelo emvelo yokulwa nenkomo nawo ayanconywa: I-Fitoverm, EC (into esebenzayo - aversectin C), Iskra - Bio (into esebenzayo - avertin N), Bitoxibacillin, P. Lamalungiselelo abulala izinambuzane ngemikhiqizo edoti yama-microorganisms, ngakho-ke ayinangozi kubantu. Isikhathi sokulinda kubo izinsuku ezimbili kuphela. Okomzuzwana, imikhiqizo yemvelo nayo ingenziwa ngaphandle kwemithi emibili. Ububi babo obukhulu ukususwa okulula kusuka kumacembe, kuphathwe izitshalo ngemvula noma ngamazolo amaningi, kanye nokusebenza okuphansi kokubhujiswa kwe-ladybug ngokuqhathaniswa nokulungiswa kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, ukwelashwa kwezitshalo ezinemikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo kwenziwa ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu esomile, esicacile nesizolile, lapho kwezulu kungenzeki ngaphakathi kwamahora angama-2-8 ngemuva kokwelashwa.