Association «I-Soyuzstarch» yethule imiphumela yomkhakha ka-2021. Imboni ejulile yokucubungula okusanhlamvu iqhubeka nokukhula kancane kodwa okuqhubekayo. Ngo-2021, ukukhiqizwa kwe-maltodextrin ne-lysine kwanda kakhulu - kulezi zigaba zomkhiqizo, ukushintshwa kwamanye amazwe kanye nokwanda kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwenzeka. Ama-ejensi kahulumeni asungule izindlela ezehlukene zokuthuthukisa imboni - izindlela zokusekela sezikhona futhi zisetshenziswa yizinkampani.
I-Association of Deep Grain Processing Enterprises igqamisa inani lemicimbi ebalulekile ngo-2021 embonini. Ngemuva kuka-2020 onzima, izinkampani zezimboni zazama ukwakha amakhono, ukukhulisa umkhiqizo kanye nokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo emazweni angaphandle, futhi esikhundleni sezinye izigaba zokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Sekukonke, u-2021 uphele ngokuguquguquka okuhle embonini.
Phakathi kwezinyathelo ezithathwe ezingeni likahulumeni ezifaka isandla ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni, kufanele kuqashelwe uhlelo lwezenzo zomthetho ezijwayelekile, ezihlanganisa izinhlelo zombuso, izenzo ezijwayelekile zazo zombili amazinga e-federal kanye nesifunda.
Ngakho-ke, amabhizinisi ajulile asebenza ngokuzikhandla ekusetshenzisweni kohlelo lwe-federal "Export of Agro-Industrial Complex Products", lapho kugcizelelwa ekwakhiweni kwenqwaba entsha yohwebo yemikhiqizo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-agro-industrial, kuhlanganise nemikhiqizo ephezulu ye-value-added. ngokuhlonyiswa kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe kwemboni nezindlela ezisekelayo.
Ingxenye eyinhloko futhi edingekayo yokusekelwa kombuso embonini kungenzeka ukuthola imali ebolekiwe ekhethwayo. Ukubolekwa kwemvume kwandisa ukusebenza kahle kwezezimali kwemiklamo yokutshala izimali futhi kunciphisa kakhulu izingozi zosomabhizinisi ngesikhathi esinzima kakhulu - isigaba sokuqala, okuholela ekuthuthukisweni komsebenzi wokutshala izimali ezweni futhi, ngokufanele, kuletha izimali ezibonakalayo kwisabelomali.
Le nqubo ifakwe ngokomthetho ku-Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation yango-April 26, 2019 No. 512, kanye naseSimemezelweni Sikahulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia yangomhla zingama-29 kuZibandlela wezi-2016 No. 1528. Izinga lenzalo elikhethwayo lingu-1-5% kuye ngebhange, kanti isikhathi semali mboleko yesikhathi esifushane sifika onyakeni ongu-1, futhi sisuka eminyakeni emi-2 kuye kweyi-15 kwabatshalizimali. Izinjongo ezingaba khona zokuboleka ukukhokhwa kwamaholo, ukuthengwa kokusanhlamvu ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokulungiswa, ukuthengwa kwezinto zokusebenza, ukwakhiwa, ukwakhiwa kabusha kanye nemishini yobuchwepheshe, kanye nokwenza amabhizinisi abe yisimanjemanje.
Umehluko omkhulu ezindleleni yisimo esiyisibopho sokuthola imalimboleko ethambile. Ngaphakathi kohlaka Lwesinqumo Sikahulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia No. 512, isidingo sokuphetha isivumelwano sokuncintisana okwandayo silungisiwe, lapho umenzi enesibopho sokuthobela amanani ezinkomba zokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza. Ngaphakathi kohlaka lweSimemezelo sikaHulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia No. 1528 - ukuhambisana nombandela wokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe evela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezikhiqizwa endaweni yeRussian Federation, umthamo wayo okufanele okungenani ube ngu-70%, ngaphandle kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezenziwe kwamanye amazwe, ama-analogues angakhiqizwa eRussian Federation.
Enye indlela ehlukile yithuba lokubuyiselwa kwengxenye yezindleko eziqondile ezenziwe (20% wezindleko zangempela zesikhungo) zokwakhiwa kanye (noma) nokwenza kube yisimanjemanje izindawo zokucubungula imikhiqizo yezolimo, ngaphakathi kohlaka lweSimemezelo Uhulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia yangoFebhuwari 12.02.2020, 137 No. XNUMX.
Indlela yokusekela uhulumeni ehlinzekwe ngaphakathi kohlaka Lwesinqumo Sikahulumeni Wenhlangano YaseRussia sangomhla ziyi-15 Septhemba 2017 No. 1104 inesidingo esikhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezinkampani - abathumeli bemboni. Ngokusho kwalokho, isinxephezelo sinikezwa ama-25% ezindleko zezindleko zezimpahla zabakhiqizi nabahlinzeki bemikhiqizo yezolimo, kuyilapho ukuthuthwa nokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo kwenziwa kusukela ezindaweni zokusuka ezitholakala endaweni yeRussian Federation kuya ezindaweni zokugcina yibo bonke. izinto zokuhamba.
Izinhlinzeko ezintsha ze-Federal Law No. 4973-1 "On Grain" zaqala ukusebenza, ngokusho ukuthi i-Federal State Information System "Grain" yasungulwa. I-FSIS "Grain" iklanyelwe ukwenza ngokuzenzakalelayo izinqubo zokuqoqa, ukucubungula, ukugcina nokuhlaziya ulwazi emkhakheni wokusatshalaliswa kokusanhlamvu nemikhiqizo yokucubungula okusanhlamvu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulandeleka.
Ngenxa yezinyathelo zokusekelwa zikahulumeni ezinikeziwe, eminyakeni yamuva nje imboni ibonise ukwanda okukhulu kwenani lemikhiqizo etholiwe (Ithebula 1), mayelana nokwehla okuhlelekile kokuthembela ekuthengisweni kwenani eliphezulu lenani elingeziwe. imikhiqizo (Ithebula 2), ukwanda kohlu lwemikhiqizo ekhiqiziwe, kanye nethuba lokungena ezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe ezintsha (Ithebula 3).
Ukuguquguquka kwemboni unyaka nonyaka kukhombisa ukukhula okuhamba kancane kodwa okuzinzile. Ngokuvumelana nezilinganiso ze-Rosstat kanye neNhlangano, ngo-2021, ukwanda okukhulu kakhulu (cishe izikhathi ezi-2) kubonakala ekukhiqizeni i-maltodextrin, ehlotshaniswa nokushintshwa okuhlelekile kwe-analogue engenisiwe kanye nokushintsha kwabathengi emkhiqizweni wasekhaya - kulo nyaka. ukukhiqizwa kwalo mkhiqizo wesitashi kwaba amathani angama-39932.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-lysine kukhuphuke ngo-30% phakathi nonyaka, okukhiqizwa eRussia ngamabhizinisi amabili - i-CJSC Premix Plant No. 1 kanye ne-JSC AminoSib. Ngo-2021, ukuphuma kwe-L-lysine sulfate yasekhaya kwaba amathani ayi-117000.
Ngokucatshangelwa umsebenzi ngokugcwele amabhizinisi amathathu - Cargill LLC, Aston Starch Products LLC kanye Biotech-Rosva JSC - ukukhiqizwa glucose-fructose isiraphu kukhuphuke cishe ingxenye yesithathu - 258975 amathani kulo nyaka. Eminye imikhiqizo yesitashi ikhombise ukukhula isuka ku-1,2% yaya ku-9,5% (Ithebula 1).
Ithebula 1 - Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yesitashi nesitashi, amathani
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | I-Dynamics 2021 kuya ku-2020, % | |
Izitashi, ngaphandle kokushintshwa | 280 889 | 294 654 | 324 914 | 346 283 | 6,6 |
Ama-dextrins | 9 064 | 8 165 | 9 526 | 10 429 | 9,5 |
Izitashi ezishintshiwe | 45 928 | 58 804 | 61 103 | 62 941 | 3,0 |
I-Glucose-fructose syrups | 174 722 | 152 504 | 200 625 | 258 975 | 29,1 |
Maltodextrin | 0 | 19 131 | 20 073 | 39 932 | 98,9 |
I-Molasses isitashi | 464 216 | 466 648 | 467 235 | 476 532 | 1,2 |
Lysine | 68 000 | 80 000 | 90 000 | 117 000 | 30,0 |
Ngokusho kwe-Federal Customs Service, ukungeniswa kwemikhiqizo yesitashi kulo nyaka kube nokukhula okukhulu kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020 esigabeni sesitashi somdabu (okungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kufinyelele amathani angu-40225, okungama-63,7% ngaphezulu), ama-dextrins (okungeniswa kwamanye amazwe - amathani angu-1489, okuyi- 67,5% ngaphezulu ) kanye nesiraphu yesitashi (ukungenisa - amathani angu-6, okungama-066% ngaphezulu).
Ukungeniswa kukakolweni nesitashi samazambane kucishe kwaphindeka kabili, okungamathani ayi-10500 2021 kakolweni uma kuqhathaniswa namathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-4800 ngo-2020. Ukungeniswa kwesitashi samazambane ngo-2021 kwaba amathani angama-22500, kwathi ngo-2020 - amathani ayi-12900. Lokhu kungachazwa ngokwenyuka kwesidingo sabathengi abagcina izithako ukuze bazisebenzise esikhathini esizayo. Ukwehla kokukhiqizwa kwesitashi samazambane kube ngenxa yokungavuni kahle kwamazambane, kanye nangenxa yokwanda kokuthunyelwa kwesitashi sikakolweni yi-BioOperations LLP eNyakatho yeKazakhstan. Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe ngo-2021 kwesitashi sombila kwaba amathani angama-4349, isitashi se-cassava amathani ayi-1476 (Ithebula 2).
Ezigabeni ze-maltodextrin ne-lysine, kukhona ukushintshwa kokungenisa kancane kancane ngenxa yomsebenzi wamabhizinisi aseRussia. I-Maltodextrin engeniswe eRussia ngo-2021 ingamathani angama-5740, okungaphansi kwama-42,8% kunango-2020. I-Lysine - amathani angama-43130, okungaphansi ngo-19,2% kunonyaka odlule.
Ithebula 2 - Ukungenisa imikhiqizo yesitashi nesitashi, amathani
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | I-Dynamics 2021 kuya ku-2020, % | |
Izitashi, ngaphandle kokushintshwa | 28 650 | 22 363 | 24 574 | 40 225 | 63,7 |
Izitashi ezishintshiwe | 98 062 | 95 958 | 94 656 | 103 541 | 9,4 |
I-Glucose-fructose syrups | 3 334 | 1 761 | 2 445 | 2 254 | -7,8 |
Ama-dextrins | 917 | 1 079 | 889 | 1 489 | 67,5 |
Maltodextrin | 24 351 | 14 625 | 10 038 | 5 740 | -42,8 |
I-Molasses isitashi | 9 386 | 6 942 | 4211 | 6 066 | 44,1 |
Lysine | 85 144 | 60 834 | 53 352 | 43 130 | -19,2 |
Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo enenani eliphakeme ngo-2021 kwenyukile uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka odlule ngokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-maltodextrin, isitashi somdabu nesishintshiwe, futhi kwehle ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe amasyrups, dextrins kanye ne-lysine. Ukuthunyelwa kwesitashi sikakolweni ngo-2021 kwaba amathani angama-2932, isitashi sommbila 43335 amathani, isitashi samazambane angama-2416 amathani.
Ukukhula okukhulu kokuthekelisa okungu-996% kubonakala ekuthunyelweni kwe-maltodextrin - izinkulungwane eziyi-13536 ngo-2021. Kwezinye izigaba, kunokwehla okukhulu kulo nyaka uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020. Iziraphu ze-glucose-fructose zathunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngama-84,3% ngaphansi - amathani angama-428. Ama-Dextrins angaphansi ngo-64% - amathani ayi-166. Isiraphu yesitashi ingaphansi ngo-29,4% - amathani angama-23822 (Ithebula 3).
Ithebula 3 - Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo yesitashi nesitashi, amathani
2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | I-Dynamics 2021 kuya ku-2020, % | |
Izitashi, ngaphandle kokushintshwa | 33 428 | 29 279 | 26 257 | 48 814 | 85,9 |
Izitashi ezishintshiwe | 5 852 | 7 151 | 7 484 | 8 142 | 8,8 |
I-Glucose-fructose syrups | 886 | 852 | 2 728 | 428 | -84,3 |
Ama-dextrins | 217 | 461 | 461 | 166 | -64,0 |
Maltodextrin | 266 | 981 | 1235 | 13 536 | 996,0 |
I-Molasses isitashi | 27 949 | 19 834 | 33 764 | 23 822 | -29,4 |
Lysine | 736 | 616 | -16,3 |
“Ngo-2021, imboni yethu ikhombise ukukhula emikhiqizweni eminingi ngemuva kobunzima buka-2020. Izinyathelo zamanje zokusekela zinikeze umphumela obonakalayo ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni, kodwa ukukhula okukhulu kwemboni kungenzeka kuphela uma kunohlelo oluhlukile lokuthuthukiswa kwemboni, kanye nendlela yokuhweba okusanhlamvu okuphakathi nendawo. , ikakhulukazi, ukwethulwa kwenkontileka yekusasa likakolweni nommbila, ”kuphawula u-Oleg, uMongameli weSoyuzkrakhmal Association Radin.
Mayelana ne-Soyuzkrakhmal Association: I-Association of Deep Grain Processing Enterprises iyinhlangano yobungcweti engenzi nzuzo ekhuthaza ukuqiniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yasekhaya yokucubungula okujulile okusanhlamvu. I-Soyuzkrakhmal Association yasungulwa ngo-1998 futhi okwamanje ihlanganisa amabhizinisi amakhulu embonini, ehlinzeka cishe ngama-80% esitashi somdabu, ngaphezu kwama-75% okukhiqizwa kwasekhaya kwesitashi somdabu, i-maltodextrin ne-glucose-fructose syrups, i-90% yesitashi esiguquliwe kanye I-100% ye-glucose syrups ne-L-lysine sulfate. NgoMeyi 20, 2022, i-VI International Conference "I-ProStarch 2022: izitayela zemakethe zokucubungula okujulile okusanhlamvu".