Izinambuzane zezolimo zibangela ukulahleka kwezitshalo okungaphezu kuka-$100 billion ngonyaka. Izibulala-zinambuzane zendabuko ziyasebenza kodwa zingaba nobuthi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhemikhali amaningi asetshenziswa ezitshalweni akha enhlabathini, emanzini noma ekudleni futhi athinte kabi izinambuzane ezinenzuzo njengezinyosi nezimvemvane.
Izinambuzane eziningi eziyingozi, ukhula, amagciwane kanye nesikhunta se-phytopathogenic ziye zahlakulela ukumelana nezibulala-zinambuzane. Abalimi banezinketho ezimbalwa nezimbalwa zokulawula izinambuzane ezinobungani nemvelo.
Iminyaka eminingi, abalimi basebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane ezisebenzayo ezisekelwe ku-petroleum ngendlela ye-neonicotinoids, i-pyrethroids, i-carbamates ne-organophosphates. Lezi zinto zibulala yonke into, kuhlanganise nezinambuzane ezinenzuzo, zonakalisa izitshalo futhi zihlala endaweni ezungezile iminyaka eminingi, zilulaza izinga lomhlabathi futhi zingcolisa imithombo yamanzi.
IGreenLight Biosciences ibheka eminye imikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo kunezibulala-zinambuzane. Isikhungo socwaningo lwabo yi-RNA. Ngokuqhubeka komsebenzi, ososayensi bathola ukuthi uma ujova i-dsRNA ku-pathogen ethile - ngokwesibonelo, i-bacterium - ungaphoqa amaseli e-pathogen ukuthi acekele phansi i-mRNA yawo futhi ayivimbe ekukhiqizeni amaprotheni abalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi bakwazi ukusungula ubuchwepheshe bokukhubaza izakhi zofuzo ezithile kumagciwane.
Ngokwazi lolu lwazi, abacwaningi bakha izifutho ze-RNA ezikhethekile eziqondise ufuzo oluthile noma inhlanganisela yofuzo yezinambuzane. Ngakho-ke, inkampani iGreenLight Biosciences isebenza ekwakheni isifutho esisebenza kumasosha omzimba webhu leklabishi. Uma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi inkathazo iqala ukumelana nesifutho, ososayensi bangashintsha kalula ukwakheka komuthi. Ama-molecule e-RNA angasetshenziswa ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kofuzo. Ukusebenzisa isixazululo se-RNA esiphephile ezitshalweni kuzobulala izinambuzane kuyilapho kugcina isitshalo sinempilo futhi kunciphisa umthelela wendawo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iGreenLight Biosciences inikeza isifutho se-RNA esenza i-Colorado potato beetle ingasebenzi. Isifutho okwamanje sisahlolwa yi-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Umnyango uzokwenza isinqumo esingujuqu maphakathi no-2022.
Ososayensi bazibophezele ekuhlinzekeni abalimi ngezilawuli ze-bio eziphephile, ezingabizi futhi eziqondiwe ezivimba izinambuzane kuyilapho zivikela izitshalo, izithuthi zempova nomhlaba ngaphambi nangemuva kokuvuna.