U-Alexey Krasilnikov, umqondisi omkhulu wePotato Union
Indawo etshalwa amazambane cishe izokhula kule sizini. Izindleko zokukhiqiza zizokhuphuka ngaphandle kokungabaza. Kodwa isivuno sizoba yimfuneko, ngoba ukubaluleka "kwesinkwa sesibili" esimweni sokujula kwenkinga yokudla emhlabeni wonke akunakulinganiswa.
Ekupheleni kwesizini
Imboni iqeda inkathi yokuthengisa yesivuno engama-21 ngomoya ophansi. Ngokusho kukaRosstat, izinsalela zamazambane etafula ezinqolobaneni zabakhiqizi abakhulu bezolimo entwasahlobo zahlala cishe ezingeni elifanayo nonyaka ngaphambili. Abakhiqizi bezolimo bayaqhubeka nokuthengisa imikhiqizo yabo njengenjwayelo; amazambane asekhaya ahlala emashalofini ezitolo ezinkulu nalawo angenisiwe (ikakhulukazi amaGibhithe).
Ngendlela, ngoMashi, ngaphansi kwezimo zamazinga okushintshaniswa angazinzile, umthamo wezimpahla ezivela eGibhithe wehla okwesikhashana (ngokusho kwe-AB Center, amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-67,0 amazambane angeniswa eRussia, okuyi-8,9% ngaphansi kwenkathi efanayo yokugcina. ngonyaka odlule). Ingxenye yesivuno saseGibhithe yathathwa yiYurophu, lapho kwakukhona ukushoda kwale mikhiqizo. Kodwa-ke, imakethe yaseRussia isalokhu ingenye yezinto eziza kuqala eGibhithe, ngakho abathengi bethu ngeke babe nezinkinga ngokuhlinzeka ngamazambane okuqala.
Siyaqaphela futhi ukuthi izintengo zamazambane aseRussia ekuthengisweni kwezitolo zihlala ziphezulu kakhulu (umehluko wezindleko ngomkhiqizo waseGibhithe mncane), kepha abalimi abaningi bathi imali engenayo ngokuthengiswa itholwa ikakhulukazi ngamaketanga okuthengisa, hhayi abakhiqizi: naphezu kwakho konke okwethulwe. ngemikhawulo yeziphathimandla, umaki womkhiqizo ngokuvamile ufinyelela ku-100%.
Ukufika
Ukutshala amazambane kulo nyaka cishe kuzo zonke izifunda zezwe (kuhlanganise neningizimu) kuqale ngokubambezeleka okuncane: ngokwesilinganiso, izinsuku zokugcina zashintsha ngamaviki angu-1-2.
Akukho lutho olubucayi ngalokhu; umthamo wesivuno uzoncika ekutheni isimo sezulu sizoba nasiphi isikhathi esikhathini esizayo.
Ezindaweni eziningi, umsebenzi uqhubeka ngamandla, futhi kusenzima ukwahlulela ukuthi mangaki amazambane azotshalwa endaweni ngayinye ethile. Masikhumbule ukuthi ngokusho kwezibikezelo zoMnyango Wezolimo waseRussian Federation, indawo engaphansi kwalesi sitshalo emkhakheni wezohwebo wezwe ngenkathi ye-22 kufanele ikhule ngamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-30.
Iziza zasendlini ezizimele nazo zingafaka isandla ekunikezeni amaRussia amazambane kulo nyaka. Uhulumeni waseRussia kanye noMnyango Wezolimo bathathe izinyathelo eziningi zokuxhasa ukutshalwa kwamazambane nemifino evulekile emapulazini azimele. Kodwa labo abafisa ukuthola uxhaso kuzodingeka bahambisane nezidingo ezithile eziqinile (isibonelo, umhleli wezindawo ezizimele kuzofanele athole isimo sokuzisebenza futhi abhale zonke izindleko zabo zomkhiqizo okhulayo). Iphrojekthi yokusekela iziza zasendlini ezizimele ingumshayeli wendiza, kuyathakazelisa kakhulu ukuthi izozibonakalisa kanjani ekusebenzeni. Kungenzeka ukuthi izinyathelo ezethulwayo zizoveza imiphumela ngempela futhi zizobuyisela isithakazelo kumasiko kulo mkhakha, kodwa kucacile ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukusho ukuthi iziza zasendlini ezizimele zizobuyisela ingxenye yazo ekukhiqizeni okuphelele futhi zifinyelele ezingeni lama-90s.
Ubhatata wembewu
Ngesizini yama-22, ngokusho kwePotato Union, bekuhlelelwe ukuthi kungeniswe amathani amazambane ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15,5 eRussia evela emazweni ase-European Union. Umthamo omkhulu wokunikezwa kwembewu ngokwesiko uwela ngoMashi-April, kodwa le ntwasahlobo iqale kanzima kubo bonke ababambiqhaza kule nqubo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uMnyango Wezolimo kanye neRosselkhoznadzor benze okuningi ukwenza lula inqubo yokungenisa imbewu. Ikakhulukazi, ukunikezwa kwezinto zokutshala eRussia kusukela ekuqaleni kukaMashi kwenziwe ngaphandle kokulawulwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlukaniswa kwe-phytosanitary control kanye nokuhlolwa kwelabhorethri lapho ungenisa.
Kodwa abahleli bezokuthutha kwadingeka babhekane nezinye izinkinga eziningi. Izikhathi zokulethwa ngezokuthutha zomgwaqo ziye zanda kakhulu, amaloli ema emingceleni izinsuku ezingu-7-10 (isimo sasePoland sasinzima futhi sihlala sinzima kakhulu), izindleko zokuthutha emgwaqweni ziye zanda izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Ezokuthutha zasolwandle cishe ziye zayeka, njengoba abathwali, ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, benqaba ukufeza izibopho zabo.
Ngenxa yalokho, maphakathi no-May, cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12 wamazambane afika eRussia, enye imbewu isasendleleni. Silindele ukuthi isamba esiphelele sokuthengwa kwamanye amazwe sizoba amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-13,5, lokhu kungaphansi kwalokho okwanikezwa ngo-2021 (amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-16,8, idatha ye-Federal Customs Service), kodwa ngaphezu kuka-2020 (amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-9,2) kanye no-2019 (9,5). amathani ayinkulungwane).
Ngokuvamile, eminyakeni embalwa edlule, imakethe yaseRussia ibonakala ngokuthambekela ekunciphiseni umthamo wokungeniswa kwembewu yaseYurophu ngenxa yokwenziwa kwendawo yokukhiqizwa kwayo ezweni.
Izinhlobo zasekhaya
Manje kusesekuseni kakhulu ukwenza ukulinganisa kwezinhlobo ezihamba phambili ngokuya ngamavolumu wokutshala eRussian Federation, enyatheliswa minyaka yonke yiRussian Agricultural Center, kodwa kungacatshangwa ukuthi "eziyishumi" ezijwayelekile zizoshintsha kancane kule nkathi, kanye nesisekelo sayo. izoqhubeka izinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha kwamanye amazwe.
Naphezu kobunzima bezinyathelo ezithathwayo namuhla ukukhuthaza izinhlobo zaseRussia ezidalwe ngaphakathi kohlaka lwe-FNTP, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umsebenzi wokwandisa ukuqashelwa kwemikhiqizo yasekhaya usanda kuqala, futhi kuzothatha iminyaka ukufeza imiphumela ebonakalayo. Ababambiqhaza bohlelo badinga ukukhulisa izinkundla zokwethula impumelelo yokuzalanisa, kanye nokubeka izinhlobonhlobo zozakwethu ezindaweni zabo ukuze bathole inhloso kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezimweni ezihlukene ezifundeni zezwe. Nakuba abanye abalimi bamazambane baseRussia sebevele bafake imikhiqizo emisha ethembisa kakhulu emigqeni yabo.
Amaphuzu obuhlungu besizini
Ungakhuluma kakhulu ngezinkinga. Ngokombono wethu, ukushoda okukhulu kakhulu ekuqaleni kwesizini ukushoda (ukubambezeleka okuphuthelwe noma ukwenqatshwa kokuhlinzekwa) kwemishini yezolimo nezingxenye ezisele. Yebo, ukushintshwa okungenzeka kuzotholakala, opharetha bethu manje basungula ukubambisana neChina namanye amazwe, kodwa ukuvula iziteshi ezintsha kuzothatha isikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, sonke siyaqonda ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuvimbela isikhathi sokuphumula phakathi nomsebenzi wasensimini.
I-Potato Union yacela uHulumeni waseMoscow ukuba ahlaziye amakhono ezinkampani zesifunda ukuze ahlele ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ezithandwayo kakhulu: ama-bearings, ama-oil seals, njll. Sithole ukwesekwa kokuqala. Ngokuzayo, ngosizo loMnyango Wezimboni Nezohwebo, sihlela ukuthuthukisa le ndawo.
Okukhathaza kakhulu ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zokukhiqiza. Amafutha kanye nezinto zokugcoba, umanyolo wamaminerali, imikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo, imbewu - zonke lezi zinto zikhuphuke ngentengo okungenani ngama-20-30%. Okwamanje akukacaci ukuthi izoxazululwa kanjani indaba yokuhlinzeka umkhakha wezolimo ngabasebenzi, kanti lokhu kuphinde kube nomthelela omkhulu ikakhulukazi ezifundeni eziseningizimu. Ngenxa yalokhu, izindleko zomhlaba wonke zamazambane zizokhuphuka okungenani ngama-40%.
Sizobheka izindlela zokonga imali. Isibonelo, intengo yokupakisha ikhuphuke kakhulu. Ngokusobala, isikhathi esithile, izitolo zizothengisa ikakhulukazi amazambane axegayo.
Izinhlelo zokuvuna
Ochwepheshe bePotato Union baqale ukusho ngonyaka owedlule ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zokwehla okuqhubekayo kokukhiqizwa kwamazambane emapulazini asekhaya kanye nokukhula kwezimboni zokucubungula eRussia, izimfuneko zokushoda komkhiqizo ziyavela. Kulo nyaka, iziphathimandla zinikeze uxhaso lokutshala amazambane ezizindeni zasekhaya ezizimele, futhi ingxenye enkulu yamaphrojekthi wokucubungula okwamanje iqhwa. Kodwa-ke, sikubheka njengokungakabi yisikhathi ukwesaba ukukhiqiza ngokweqile, ngisho nalapho sibhekene nokukhula okungenzeka endaweni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, esimweni samanje sezomnotho nezepolitiki, ngokubona kwethu, amazambane (kokubili itafula nembewu) kanye nemikhiqizo yawo ecutshunguliwe athola inani elikhethekile kokubili ezimakethe zasekhaya nezangaphandle. Ukudla kuhlala kungaphambili ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, futhi akuyona into engaqondakali ukuthi amazambane avame ukubizwa ngokuthi isinkwa sesibili.
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