Ubunzima obabhekene nabasebenza ngokungemthetho ngenxa ye-coronacgency abahlangene hhayi nezinto ezisebenzayo kuphela, kodwa namaphutha wokuphatha.
Ukungenisa kuthatha indawo eningi ngezindleko zemikhiqizo yezolimo.
Ukwehla kwe-ruble, ukubekelwa imingcele ngenxa ye-coronavirus kanye nobunzima bemvelo kugasele emkhakheni wezolimo waseRussia. Sekucacile ukuthi unyaka ka-2020 uzoba nzima kakhulu kubasebenzi bezolimo.
Njengoba kuthinteka ukuwa kwe-ruble
Ngokusho kuka-Oleg Komolov, oyilungu lesayensi yezomnotho, uprofesa oxhumana naye we-Financial University ngaphansi kukaHulumeni waseRussian Federation, cishe yonke imikhakha yomnotho waseRussia, kubandakanya ne-agribusiness, uzoba nenkinga ekhona njengamanje.
“Kunokuthambekela okungathandeki lapho kuhlangana izinto ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye: ukuwa kwesidingo kubuye kunyuke nezindleko. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuqina kanye nokwehla kwamanani kwenzeka. Imvamisa kwenzeka into eyodwa, kepha lapho zombili lezi zinto zihlangana, ukuqina kuyinto eyisimanga: isimo esingathandeki kakhulu kwezomnotho. Ukwehla kwesidingo sekuzwakala ngezolimo. Yize lo mkhakha ukhiqiza imikhiqizo enamazinga aphansi okufunwa, abantu sebeqala ukuzenqena ngokwabo ngisho nemikhiqizo yokudla manje ababona njengokweqiwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindleko zabakhiqizi bezolimo ziyakhula, ngoba, yize kunezitatimende mayelana nempumelelo yokungeniswa esikhundleni sokungeniswa, ukulima kwethu kuncike kakhulu ekungeniseni, kufaka phakathi imishini, umanyolo, isitoko sembewu, njll. ”Kusho uKomolov.
U-Igor Abakumov, ophakanyiselwe izifundo zesayensi yezomnotho, uprofesa osizayo eMosical Agricultural Academy ogama lakhe linguTimiryazev, ukhumbule ukuthi abakhiqizi bokudla nabathengisela izwe lethu ngabantu abahlukile. Futhi uma kungokwesibili, ukwehla ku-ruble nokunyuka kwentengo yedola kulungile, okokuqala, izinkinga seziqala nje.
“Ukungenisa ezweni kuthatha indawo enkulu ezindlekweni zemikhiqizo yezolimo. Lezi, ngokwesibonelo, izingxenye ezisele zogandaganda, kusuka emithonjeni yemikhumbi kuya emapayipini amancane emishini yokusenga neminye imishini engenisiwe. Sithenga nembewu. Lapho izikhungo zokuzalanisa zazingezikahulumeni, kepha njengoba umbuso wayeka ukuxhasa ngezimali, sithenga imbewu phesheya. Endaweni efanayo sithenga "ufuzo": izilwane eziphilayo - omama abazosizalela amathole, izingane, amawundlu, izingulube. Sithenga amaqanda okufukamela amahansi, izinkukhu, amadada. Singasho ukuthi sinesivuno se- "screwdriver Assembly". Siqoqa wonke amandla omhlaba womqondo, futhi umnikelo wethu uhlala usebenza, imali, amanzi nomhlaba. Konke ukungenisa ezweni manje kuzonyuka ngentengo, futhi lokhu kuzothinta izindleko zemikhiqizo ekhiqizwayo. Amanani azonyuka: hhayi amaningi, kunjalo, kepha kusabelomali somndeni ojwayelekile waseRussia, izindleko zokudla zizodlula u-50%, ”kusho u-Abakumov.
Okwamanje, amanani akhule hhayi ekungeniseni kuphela, kodwa futhi nakuphethiloli wasekhaya. “Amafutha e-dizeli ayengaphezulu kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-45 ngethoni, manje angaphezu kwama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-46. Amakhemikhali akhuphukile ngentengo. Izingxenye zezikhala ziyabiza. Yini enye ezoba amanani kulo nyaka, asazi okwamanje. Kepha konke kunyuka ngamanani, izindleko zinkulu, ”kusho u-Ivan Bfirt, uMongameli we-Union of Peasant (Amapulazi) Amapulazi Esifunda sase-Omsk.
Usihlalo we-Association of Peasant (Amapulazi) Amapulazi, AmaCooperatives kanye nabanye Abaqambi Abalimi Abancane Kwezolimo eKrasnodar Territory Viktor Sergeyev ukhulume ngezinkinga ezifanayo. “Umsebenzi wasensimu wasentwasahlobo, abalimi bafaka udizili ngoDisemba. Ngemuva kwalokho kudayiswa udizili kudayiswa kuma-ruble angama-45 ngelitha. Manje intengo eziteshini zikaphethiloli ingaphansi kwama-ruble angama-49. Abathengisi bazoba, impela, babe nentengo ephansi. Esifundeni sethu, abalimi bazoqala ukuthola uphethiloli wokuhlanza umsebenzi ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi - ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Isimo sezomnotho ezweni lonke sinzima, kepha ngithemba ukuthi yingakho ukwehla kwamanani entengo kaphethroli kungavunyelwa, ”kuphakamisa uViktor Sergeyev.
Ngubani owashaya i-coronavirus
Ezolimo ezilimele kanye nemikhawulo yokuhlukanisa abantu abathile ngenxa ye-coronavirus "Ezifundeni eziseningizimu yeRussia, ngokwesibonelo, eKrasnodar Territory, kwaqalwa izindlela zokuzihlukanisa zodwa, futhi abakhiqizi abaningi bezolimo babhekana nobunzima kwezokuhamba. Le mikhawulo idale ezinye izinkinga kubalimi ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokuhlwanyela. Konke kwahleleka kahle, futhi ukuze sithole imali yokusebenzisa imishini yezolimo, kwakudingeka ukuthi sichithe isikhathi, futhi lokhu kwenyuka kwezindleko futhi kwaholela ekwenyukeni kwamanani entengo yemikhiqizo eyenziwe, ”kusho u-Oleg Komolov.
“Ngenxa ye-coronavirus, amaketanga wokuhamba asuka enkampanini ayesiya epulelweni aphulwe. Ngokuphawuleka kakhulu baphazanyiswa phakathi kwabakhiqizi abazimele nezimakethe ezincane, ngoba ezokugcina zazivaliwe. Awungeke ukwazi ukuhweba ngomamaski noma ngaphandle komaskandi. Abanye baqala ukushintshana ngokuhweba online lapho umthengisi nomthengi bevuma kusengaphambili ngokuthengiselana ku-Intanethi. Kepha kulolu gagasi inani elikhulu lama-charlatans noma ama-amateurs ahlukanisile aqhuba umsebenzi we-hack ngemali eningi, eqaphela ukuthi ungenza imali ngayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulahleka kwalabo abangakwazi ukuthengisa imikhiqizo yabo kwesinye isikhathi bekungakhokhelwa. Omunye usevele uvala, ushaya isitolo ngamabhodi, futhi othile ufake isicelo sentela sokuvala ibhizinisi. Abanye abantu abanaso isikhathi sokuthola imali, ngoba batshale imali yabo, futhi abakwazi ukuthengisa imikhiqizo, ”kusho u-Igor Abakumov.
“Ukuqinisekiswa kwabantu kube nomthelela ekwenzeni izivumelwano phakathi kwabakhiqizi bemifino yokuqala nabathengi bakwezinye izifunda. Kepha sesithuthukisile izimakethe zethu eKrasnodar Territory, njengamanje sidingida ngamaketanga wezitolo ukuze sithengise izitshalo esezikhulile ngazo, ”kusho umkhiqizi wezolimo uViktor Sergeyev.
Ngabe umbuso uzovikela ekulweni nobunzima
Ukuhlolwa okulandelayo kwezakhamizi kungaba isomiso esibikezelwe. Kulokhu, kuphakama umbuzo: Ngabe umbuso usukulungele ukusekela abakhiqizi bezolimo?
“E-Krasnodar Territory, kubikwa ukuthi kunokwehla okusanhlamvu ngenxa yesithwathwa ngo-Mashi. Kuthintekile futhi, ikakhulukazi ezansi kwezinyawo, ezitshalweni zezithelo. Kwezinye izindawo, kuze kufinyelele ku-70-80%. Manje kunesomiso, hhayi umswakama owenele, lokhu kunikeza ukwesaba okusha. I-Association of Peasant Farms isebenza nezingqinamba namabhange ukuze ifake imali mboleko unyaka, ivikele amapulazi ekuqothulweni kwemali bese isindisa imisebenzi, ”kusho uVictor Sergeyev.
"Esifundeni i-Omsk, isonto eledlule bekungamazinga okushisa angama-32 ... + ama-33 degrees. Ungacabanga ukuthi kusho ukuthini lokhu esimweni sezulu sethu. Konke kushisiwe, umhlaba wawungenawo umswakama owenele, futhi abantu baphela amandla ngogandaganda. Silindele noma yiluphi usizo kunoma ngubani. Kepha asizisebenzisi thina. Masibe ngabathengisi abazimele, kodwa empeleni sisebenzela uhulumeni, sondle izwe ... ”- kusho u-Ivan Bidget.
“Usizo oluvela kuhulumeni lungaphansi kwemibandela ehlukahlukene. Ukuyithola esomeni, kufanele kube namaphesenti amakhulu wendawo ethintekile. Futhi uma, ngokwesibonelo, kunokunisela emasimini amabili, kepha kuphela kulokho kuphela, khona-ke kuvela ukuthi isithombe sepulazi sonke siyabonakala siyabekezelela. Kepha imali ngandlela thile inciphisiwe okwesithathu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abasebenzi bazokhokhelwa okungaphansi kwesithathu, intela yendawo izokhokhwa kancane. Ukuze uxazulule lezi zimo, ubudlelwano phakathi kwebhizinisi lezolimo kanye nesimo ezimeni esibucayi, kubalulekile ukuhlanganisa ndawonye ama-agrarians, izikhulu, ososayensi futhi sixoxe ngezinkinga ngendlela enjengebhizinisi. Kodwa ngesikhathi izingxoxo zenzeka kuphela ekhasini labezindaba, ”kusho u-Igor Abakumov.
"Izwe laseRussia lilinde izindlela zokuzithokozisa, isimo esibi, uhulumeni uzophuma kulo anciphise inqubomgomo yezenhlalo, anciphise ukusetshenziswa kwemali yesabelomali futhi enze impilo yabantu ibe yimbi. Lokhu kuzosho izinkinga hhayi kwezolimo kuphela, kepha nayo yonke imikhakha yezomnotho, ”kubikezela u-Oleg Komolov.
Ngenxa yezinkinga ze- "coronavirus", ezolimo kulo nyaka bezilokhu zizungeza ukunakwa ngumphakathi. Kodwa-ke, ukushoda kwezilimo kanye namanani akhuphukayo kusazokhumbuza abaseRussia ngalo mkhakha.
UDmitry Remizov