Ukuhlanganiswa kwesikhathi sezolimo samanje kwabakwa-Kuzbass agrarians kwahlanganiswa. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhankaso wokuhlwanyela uqale ekuqaleni kunokwejwayelekile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubhubhane lwe-coronavirus lishiya umbono ongemuhle, lapho izakhamizi zilahlekelwa kakhulu. Ngalezi zimo, abaphathi besifunda beza kusiza amapulazi.
Njengolunye lwamapulazi ahamba phambili e-Kuzbass agro-industrial tata, i-Beregovoi yezokukhiqiza ngokubambisana kwezolimo isebenza ngesikhathi esinzima sika-2020, ngumbhali wephephandaba Kuzbass wafunda.
Ukuxabana kwentwasahlobo
Imvamisa isiphethu saseSiberia sekwedlule isikhathi, esineqhwa nezimvula, asizishisi izakhamuzi zase-Kuzbass. Kodwa-ke, kulo nyaka isimo sezulu esomile esomile ngo-Ephreli-Meyi sasimangalisa. Basebenzisa izinsuku ezinhle, abasebenzi baseBeregovoi yezolimo baqala umkhankaso wokuhlwanyelwa ngaphambili - kusuka ezinsukwini eziyishumi kuya emasontweni amabili, kuya ngesilimo.
Kuze kube manje, indawo engaphansi kokhokho (amahektha ayi-1460) ihlwanyelwa ngokuphelele. Ukolweni, u-soya, ibhali kanye nama-oats asevele elungiselela ukudubula emasimini. Abazange baphuthume ekutshaleni imifino, okuyinto esebenza ngokubambisana kwezolimo eyaziwa ngayo, futhi uBeregovoy uyazi kahle ukuthi angahlela kanjani kahle umsebenzi wokuhlwanyela - ibhizinisi linezinkomba ezinhle kakhulu zokulethwa kwemifino namazambane esifundeni. Ngonyaka odlule, amathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15,8 nezinkulungwane eziyi-11 ayevunwa lapha, ngokulandelana.
Ukuhlwanyela kulandela ikhalenda lendabuko. Kuyadingeka ukuthi umhlaba uvuthwe kahle (noma, njengoba abasemagunyeni uqobo bethi, “abavuthwe”). Ngasikhathi sinye, uhlelo lwe-anyanisi kanye nezaqathe selufeziwe ngokuphelele, iklabishi selitshaliwe kusukela ngoMeyi 12, sekutshalwe ngaphezulu kwama-30%, kanti amabhele asisilimo esizayo, azoqala ukusebenza ekupheleni kwale nyanga. Sekukonke, amahektha angaphezu kuka-250 omhlaba olimekayo uhlala imifino. Amanye amahektha angama-350 abekelwe amazambane. Baqale ukuyitshala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ezinsukwini ezinhlanu ngaphambi konyaka owedlule, kuze kube manje, umsebenzi usuphothuliwe ngabantu abangaphezu kuka-70%.
Ukwenza isivuno “sesinkwa saseSiberia”, njengoba amazambane ejwayele ukubizwa, kungcono nangcono, kulokhu kwentwasahlobo kokuqala kokusebenzisa umanyolo we-phosphorus. Ngaphezu kwalokho, namuhla baye benza ubuchwepheshe obukhulayo uqobo baba ngesimanje. Kwesinye isikhathi abatshali bezambane ngesikhathi somsebenzi bensimu bayaphambuka okuhlobene nokuhamba kwegandaganda, ukutshala kwenzeka phakathi nendawo kogongolo, kodwa kusuka ohlangothini. Lokhu kuholela ekutheni ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokuvuna, ukuhlangana nemimese kulimaze nezilimo eziyizigaxa. Njalo ngonyaka, ngenxa yalokhu, inkampani yalahlekelwa kuze kufike ku-15% wesilimo. Ngomkhankaso wokuhlwanyela wamanje, yonke imishini yamazambane ifakwe nohlelo lokuhambisa nge-othomathikhi oluzenzakalelayo, olukuvumela ukuthi ushayele kahle umshini - ngokususwa okuphezulu kwamasentimitha amabili kuphela. Futhi, ngaphambi kokuqala kwale sizini sokukhula, kuthengwe ogandaganda beCLAAS kanye neGrIMME.
Le ntwasahlobo iphinde futhi yethula isimanga esingemnandi ngendlela ebhubhisa ngayo i- coronavirus. I-COVID-19 ishaye ngamandla kwezolimo.
“Manje yisikhathi lapho ukuthengiswa kwemifino yesitshalo esedlule okutshalwe endle kufanele ngabe sekuphelile. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yesimo sobhubhane, ukusetshenziswa kwemifino yethu namazambane kunciphile. Sisenamathani angama-800 eklabishi nenani elifanayo lamazambane endaweni yethu yokugcina izimpahla, kanti eminyakeni edlule ngaleso sikhathi besithengisa cishe yonke into, ”kuchaza uSergey Polikov, Umqondisi weBeregovoi SEC. - Futhi manje cishe zonke izindawo zokudlela nezindawo zokudlela zamahhotela azisebenzi. Isimo sinjalo nangezikole futhi ngokwengxenye nezinkulisa, lapho nathi siletha imikhiqizo yethu. Kubukeka sengathi abathengi abajwayelekile abadla ekhaya kufanele basebenze, kepha thina asikuzwa lokhu. Lokhu mhlawumbe kungenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi bayeka ukuziphekela, bavame uku-oda ukudla nge-Intanethi ngokulethwa ekhaya. Kunenye inkinga: amanani entengo yemikhiqizo yethu asehlile. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele kube yi-oda lokuphakama okuphezulu. Ukulahleka kuyabonakala - izindleko zokugcina imifino namazambane ziyefana, nemfucuza ngohlobo lwemikhiqizo ebunjiwe ebusika ifinyelela ku-50%, futhi amanani akhona manje aphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile. Isibonelo, iklabishi kufanele ibize ngaphezu kwama-ruble ayishumi nambili, okungukuthi, ephakeme kunezindleko, kodwa sithengisa ngamashumi, ngoba vele awakhokhisi ngaphezulu, futhi awathathi ngisho ne-10. Futhi uma uphumula futhi ugcine intengo okungenani ngezindleko, ngenxa yalokho, imikhiqizo izohlala ingafunwa, futhi kufanele uyilahle. ”
Ngamanani aphansi emikhiqizo yezolimo, izindleko zokukhiqiza zikhuphuka ngokufana. Ngakho-ke, ngaphezulu konyaka, izindleko zikaphethiloli nezithambisi zikhuphuke cishe ngamaphesenti angama-30, amanani entengo yokubulala ukhula nezinambuzane nawo akhuphuka ngo-20-30%, nogesi usubiza kakhulu njalo ngenyanga.
Ukusekelwa kwesifunda okubonakalayo namaketanga wokuthengisa angangeneki
Ezimweni ezinzima zamanje, iBeregovoi ayihlose ukunciphisa indawo ehlwanyelwe. Isimo samanje amandla amakhulu, futhi ukukhiqizwa ngokweqile, ngokusobala, kusendaweni ngesikhathi, futhi akukubi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukwesekwa ngohlobo lwemali ebizwa ngokuthi yi-hectare subsidies. Kuliqiniso, ngo-2020, izinkokhelo zombuso zinikezwa amapulazi amancane kuphela. Kodwa-ke, ngomyalo wombusi we-Kuzbass Sergey Tsivilev, ama-ruble ayizigidi ezingama-45 abelwe kusuka kwisabelomali sesifunda ukuxhasa abakhiqizi abaphakathi nabakhulu bezolimo abangazange bangene ohlelweni lwenhlangano. I-SEC "Beregovoi" ibiphakathi kwamabhizinisi ayi-14 athola usizo lwezezimali lwesifunda.
"Ngenxa yesabelomali sesifunda, ukwesekwa kuyabonakala. Lonyaka sabelwa ama-ruble angaphezulu kwezigidi ezinhlanu, okungukuthi, u-10% wezindleko zokutshala izitshalo zabuyiselwa kithi. Ukuqhathanisa, eminyakeni edlule sithole ama-ruble ayizigidi eziyi-1-1,5 kuphela ngaphansi kohlelo lukahulumeni, ”kusho uSergey Polikov.
Ukuthembisa ukukhulisa izimakethe zokuthengisa. I-SEC "Beregovoi" inikeza imikhiqizo ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, noma kunjalo, kukhona amandla amakhulu lapha ku-Kuzbass. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, kubalulekile ukuthuthukisa ukubambisana kwamabhizinisi endawo ezolimo ngamaketanga amakhulu okuthengisa. Kepha amaqembu awakwazi ukuthola ulimi olujwayelekile ezindabeni zamanani entengo nokuhanjiswa. Isibonelo, kulula kakhulu ukuthi uSergei Polikov asebenze nabathengisi ngokwabo abapheka imifino namazambane abese behambisa lezo zinto kuma-network. Ngenxa yalokhu, intengo inyuka ngama-ruble ambalwa. Kodwa-ke, amaketanga wokuthengisa afuna ukuthi abakhiqizi banakekele ukwethulwa kwemikhiqizo, okusho izindleko ezingeziwe zokugcina. Ngasikhathi sinye, amanani entengo okuthenga kufanele abe okuqala, okungukuthi, lawo mapulazi asebenza nabalamuli. Futhi lokhu kuyonakalisa kakhulu kubakhiqizi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inethiwekhi ixoxa ngamanani nabathengisi masonto onke, futhi bafuna ukuphetha izivumelwano namabhizinisi ezolimo acacisa izintengo ezimisiwe kuyo yonke ikota. Izici ezinjengoshintsho esimweni semakethe (ngokwesibonelo, ukwehla kwesidingo esibhubhini) kanye nokwanda kukadoti ngesikhathi eside sokugcinwa akunakwa. Ngokubheka ukuthi ezikhungweni zokulawulwa kwamaloli iloli elinemikhiqizo lingasatshalaliswa ngaphandle kwencazelo, futhi ku-appendage bangabeka nezinhlawulo (cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 ngeloli ngalinye), ukubambisana okubanzi abakhiqizi abanamanethiwekhi kubonakala kungenangqondo.
Lesi sihloko kuxoxwe ngaso ngesikhathi sokusebenza kombusi eBeregovoi. USergey Tsivilev uncome ikhwalithi yokusanhlamvu, imifino, amazambane, inyama nobisi (le nyunyana nayo ingomunye wabaholi bezinkomo zokufuya izinkomo ze-Kuzbass) futhi wathembisa ukuthi uzosiza ekusunguleni ukusebenzisana okujwayelekile ngamaketanga okuthengisa.
"Imikhiqizo - ngisho namanje embukisweni wokufezekiswa komnotho kazwelonke! Imikhiqizo enjalo engabizi futhi ephezulu kakhulu kufanele ize ematafuleni abahlali base-Kuzbass. Ukudiliva okuqondile kumaketanga wokuthengisa kuyasiza kubakhiqizi, amakhasimende kanye nezitolo. Sesikulungele ukusiza abalimi nabafuyi bezinkomo, ukusiza ukubambisana namaketanga amakhulu okuthengisa, ”kusho inhloko yesifunda.
Phezu kobunzima obudlangile ezolimo ezifuywayo, iBeregovoi SEC imile ngezinyawo zayo futhi ithola imali yokusiza abasebenzi bayo, kubandakanya nokusombulula inkinga yezindlu. Ngokuya ngohlelo oluhlosiwe lwenhlangano eyaziwa ngokuthi yi “Sustainable Development of Rural Territories” edolobhaneni laseBeregovaya, inkampani yakha umgwaqo wonke wezindlu ezingama-26 - iLilac. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule, kwathunyelwa izakhiwo ezimbili zokuhlala nokwakhiwa kwezinye izindlu ezimbili.
USergey Ismagambetov