Izenzo zeziphathimandla ukuvimba izikhukhula zingaholela ekuswelekeni kwamanzi okunisela ehlobo. Ngokunikwa le ngozi, abalimi balungiselela ukunciphisa izindawo zokutshala.
Futhi okokuqala, sikhuluma ngamazambane. Ngenxa yalokho, ekwindla ukuvuna 'kwesinkwa sesibili' kuzoba ngaphezu kwesizotha, futhi amanani azosetha amarekhodi amasha.
Inhlangano enkulu yezolimo esifundeni saseKaraganda, iShakhterskoye LLP, ihlela ukuhlwanyela entwasahlobo endaweni engamahektha angama-37 500. Iningi lomhlaba olimekayo kuzoba ngokolweni. Okusalayo yimbewu kawoyela, imidumba, izitshalo zokudla. Futhi eminyakeni emithathu eyedlule, amahektha angamakhulu amaningana omhlaba oniselwayo afakwa lapha, lapho kutshalwa khona amazambane.
Umqondisi wepulazi, uGeorgy Prokop, uthi ubusika kuvele ukuthi bebuncane bezulu. Kube neqhwa eliphansi kabili noma kathathu emasimini kunangesizini edlule. Ngakho-ke, isu lale ntwasahlobo ukugcina amanzi ancibilike emhlabathini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzofanela usebenzise wonke amathuba obuchwepheshe besimanje bezolimo. Into esemqoka ukwenza ukucubungula okuphakathi kwamasimu, okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuvalwa komswakama". Futhi, yenza ukwelashwa kwamakhemikhali ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela komhlaba olimekayo ukuvimbela ukukhula kokhula olungakhipha amanzi emhlabathini. Leli yithuba lokuthola amahlumela amahle aqinile.
UGeorge Prokop
“Ukwenza izibikezelo kuwumsebenzi ongabongi,” kusho uGeorgy Prokop. - Kunezici eziningi, ezinhle nezimbi, ngamathemba okuvuna. Isibonelo, kuyakhuthaza ukuthi lana ngenkathi yokwindla, futhi uhlobo oluthile lokushaja umswakama kwenhlabathi lwenzeka. Omunye umbuzo uthi ngabe amanzi aba yiqhwa yini ebusika, njengoba amazinga okushisa ayephansi nesembozo seqhwa sasingaphakeme. Okuningi kuncike ekutheni iqhwa liyancibilika kanjani emasimini manje. Siyethemba ukuthi amanzi ancibilikile ngeke ashiye, kepha azongena emhlabathini. Kuya ngokufudumala manje kancane kancane, okuhle. Kepha okususayo ukuthi amazinga okushisa asemabi ebusuku, futhi umswakama onqwabelene emini uqina ubusuku bonke. Ngakho-ke akukacaci ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezizovuma ekuqaleni kokuhlwanyela.
Vele, abalimi bahlala benethemba futhi babheke phambili emphumeleni ongcono. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ababikezeli besimo sezulu banikeza isibikezelo esihle: ngo-Ephreli bathembisa ukuna kwezulu okuhle, ngoMeyi, yize kungenasinda, lina. Ngokuqondene noJuni noJulayi, kubikezelwa ukuthi kupholile futhi kunetha. Lokhu kunika ithemba lokuthi isivuno esiphakathi nendawo singatholakala - kuncike kubuchwepheshe bezolimo. Futhi-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ubhekele ukuthi imaphi amasiko angazibonisa ezimeni zamanje.
Ngokuqondene nemidumba (eShakhtyorskoye balima amantshontsho), kuyakhuthaza ukuthi uMay uthenjiswe ukuthi uzofudumala. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kwizithombo eziqinile. Nyakenye ngehlise abalimi izinyanga eziyisithupha, kwakubanda kwaze kwaba nguJuni 10. Lokhu kuholele ekutheni izithombo ze-chickpea zazincane, ukukhula ekuqaleni kokukhula kwakungavunyelwe. Izitshalo zikhule kancane, futhi isivuno besingakhuthazi - kuphela ama-centner ayi-6 ehektheleni ngalinye. Okusho ukuthi, ayifinyelelanga nakwisilinganiso.
Kuma-uwoyela, isimo singase sehluke. E-Shakhtar, i-safflower iyatshalwa; iyamelana kakhulu nokuntuleka komswakama. Kepha ifilakisi lingavuthwa yisomiso, ngoba lidinga ukuhwamulwa okwengeziwe.
Ngamazambane, isibikezelo sezulu sihle ngomqondo wokuthi ukuqala okuhle kwehlobo kuzovumela nezilimo eziyizigaxa ukukhula. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ekushiseni okwedlulele, ayazikhotha futhi angakhuli.
Ngokuqondene nokunisela, kukhona ukungabaza - kubalulekile ukuthi amadamu aqoqele amanzi anele.
- Siphuzisa amasimu ethu anisela kusuka eNura, - kusho uGeorge Prokop. - Ibuyisiwe edamini lase Samarkand. Kepha noma kungekho manzi anele lapho, singagibela futhi sithathe amanzi emgqonyeni we-Irtysh-Karaganda. Kepha esifundeni sase-Abay akukho okukhethwa kukho, kuncike endaweni yokugcina yaseZhartassky. Uma engabanjiwe, ngeke atholwe lapho.
Kepha into ngukuthi: ukunciphisa ubungozi bezikhukhula zamadolobhana aseduze, umsebenzi wabekwa ukugcina izidumbu zamanzi zisezingeni elamukelekayo ngesikhathi seqhwa elisebenzayo.
Isiziba esikhulu kunazo zonke esifundeni saseKaraganda, iSamarkand reservoir, sikhathaza kakhulu iziphathimandla ngesikhathi sezikhukhula. Manje indawo yokugcina amanzi kagesi echibini ingena eMfuleni iNura ivolumu yamamitha ayi-cubic 33 ngomzuzwana, kodwa ingakhuphukela ku-50-60. Lokhu kuncane ngokuphindwe kabili kunangesizini edlule, lapho ukuncibilika kweqhwa kuletha ukungena kwamamitha ama-cubic metres ayi-500. Mayelana nalokhu, abalimi besaba ukuthi iziphathimandla zizokwazi ukukhipha amanzi echibini entwasahlobo. Ngabe kuzoba khona okuzoyigcwalisa kusuka kokuncane (ama-cubic metres ayizigidi eziyi-1) kuye ezingeni elilungile (izigidi ezingama-170)?
Kunjalo nangezinye izindikimba zamanzi lapho umhlaba oniselwa uboshelwe khona. Ukwesaba okukhulu kakhulu kuphakathi kwama-agrarians esifundeni sase-Abay. Abakhiqizi abakhulu bamazambane esifundeni bagxile lapha. Futhi banomthombo ofanayo wamanzi wokunisela - ichibi laseZhartas.
Ipulazi lamazambane elikhulu kunawo wonke esifundeni saseKaraganda, ipulazi iShans, ngonyaka odlule latshala izilimo eziyizigaxa kumahektha ayi-1000 320. Isivuno besisihle - amasentimitha angama-250 ehektheleni ngalinye ezingeni elijwayelekile lesifunda lama-300 centres / ha. Ngokuvamile, isifunda sithole amathani amazambane angaphezulu kancane kwezinkulungwane ezingama-100 ngesidingo sawo samathani ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu. "Insalela" enjalo yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukufeza izinto zombili kwezinye izifunda zezwe kanye nokuthekelisa, ku-Uzbekistan efanayo.
Kodwa-ke, le sizini isethembisa ukuthi kuzoba nzima. Okokuqala, umuntu akanakubala ezithelweni eziphakeme. Okwesibili, lapho isondele intaba yasentwasahlobo, abalimi bacabanga ngokwengeziwe ngokunciphisa le ndawo.
Igor Zhabyak
- Ukuntuleka komswakama kubalimi bamazambane kuyingozi kakhulu kunezitshalo zokusanhlamvu, - kusho u-Igor Zhabyak, inhloko yepulazi laseChance. - Ubusika obuneqhwa buza imibuzo ngathi: ingabe amadamu azogcwaliswa ngokwenele ukuze ehlobo sibe namanzi anele okunisela. Sidinga amanzi kuphela wesilimo. Futhi konke okunye esinakho - imbewu, ubuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe. Kepha uma sibona ubungozi bokuntuleka kwamanzi okunisela, siyophoqelelwa ukuba siqinise bese sinciphise kakhulu leyo ndawo. Ukutshala ukuze kumiswe ehlobo, akekho ongavuma.
Ngokusho kuka-Igor Zhabyak, isifunda sase-Abay sisebenzisa ama-cubic metres angama-35-40 wezigidi zamanzi avela echibini laseZhartas ukunisela ngenkasa ehlobo. Inani elifanayo liyadingeka ngesizini yamanje. Ukuthi kuzoncika ekutheni isikhathi sikazamcolo sihamba kanjani.
- Mangaki amazambane esizowathola uma kunezinkinga ngokunisela, angikwazi futhi angifuni, - kusho u-Igor Zhabyak. - Kodwa kusobala ukuthi isivuno sizoba ngaphansi kwesilinganiso. Futhi-ke, ukwehla kwevolumu kuzothinta intengo - izonyuka. Le yimithetho yokuphakelwa kanye nokufunwa. Manje abathengisi abakhulu bathatha amazambane kithi ngama-80-85 tenge ngekhilogremu ngalinye. Angicabangi ukubikezela ukuthi intengo izoba yini ekwindla.
Egatsheni laseKaraganda leKazvodkhoz bathi kuze kube manje asikacaci kahle isimo sokuhamba kwesikhathi sezikhukhula. Amanzi aphezulu azoqala ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli, lapho izinga lokushisa lasebusuku liba ngcono. Umthamo ngqo wamanzi ancibilikile nokugcwaliswa kwamachibi kungaxoxwa ngawo kuphela phakathi kwentwasahlobo.
Source: https://forbes.kz