Ochwepheshe Besikhungo Sochwepheshe Nezokuhlaziya Sebhizinisi Lezolimo "AB-Center" www.abcentincome.ru walungiselela isifundo "Ukuhlaziywa kohwebo lwangaphandle (ukuthekelisa, ukungeniswa) kweRussia kumazambane embewu ngo-2001-2021". Ngezansi kukhona izingcaphuno zomsebenzi.
Ukuhweba kwamanye amazwe eRussia ngamazambane embewu kubonakala ngalezi:
- Ukukhula kwenani lokuthekelisa ngo-2017-2020.
Ngo-2001-2016 ukulethwa kwembewu yamazambane avela eRussia bekusezingeni eliphansi. Kusukela ngo-2017, ukwanda okuphawulekayo kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe sekuqalile. Ngo-2020, imiqulu yenyuka yafinyelela kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-70,1.
- Ukuncishiswa okuthile kokulethwa kwamanye amazwe ngo-2021.
NgoJanuwari-Novemba 2021, kube nokuncishiswa kwamavolumu kuya kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-31,3. Kodwa-ke, unyaka ogcwele ka-2021 uyinkomba yesithathu ngobukhulu kuso sonke isikhathi esifakwe ocwaningweni. Ukwehliswa kokulethwa kwamanye amazwe kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwesidingo samazambane embewu emakethe yasekhaya engxenyeni yamapulazi amazambane. Lokhu-ke kudalwa izinga eliphezulu lentengo yamazambane adayisayo.
- Ukungabi bikho kokwehlukahlukana kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ngokwezwe.
Izwe eliyinhloko okuyiwa kulo, elidala ukugeleza okuningi kwempahla, yi-Azerbaijan. Eminyakeni ethile, imiqulu emikhulu ithunyelwa eKazakhstan, e-Uzbekistan naseTurkmenistan.
- Ukwehliswa okukhulu kwezinto ezithengwayo.
Ngo-2018-2020 kube nokwehla okukhulu kwempahla ethengwayo. Ngo-2020, ukulethwa kwehle kwafinyelela kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-9,2. Ukuze uqhathanise, bafinyelela amanani aphezulu ngo-2011 - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-39,0, ngo-2015 - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-33,3 futhi ngo-2017 - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-27,7. Umkhuba wokuncishiswa kokungeniswa kwembewu yamazambane eRussian Federation udalwe kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kokuhlinzekwa kwale mikhiqizo emakethe yasekhaya.
- Ukubuyiselwa okuyingxenye kokuhlinzekwa kwamazambane embewu angenisiwe ngo-2021 kanye nokwanda kwawo okulindelekile ngo-2022.
NgoJanuwari-November 2021, ukulethwa, uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2020, kukhuphuke ngo-83,4% kuya kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-16,8. Ukukhula kokudiliva kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwesidingo sembewu ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yemikhiqizo ethengiswayo. Ngo-2022, inqobo nje uma izimo zezulu zivuma, kulindeleke ukwanda okukhulu kwendawo etshalwa amazambane. Lokhu kuzodinga imbewu yamazambane engeziwe ukutshala.
Imakethe yamazambane angenisiwe ilawulwa yimikhiqizo evela eJalimane, Belarus naseNetherlands. Amavolumu amakhulu nawo angeniswa evela ePoland, e-United Kingdom naseFinland.
- Isizini eshiwoyo yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
Ivolumu enkulu ngo-2019-2020 yawela ngoMashi-Meyi ngokudiliva okubaluleke kakhulu ngo-Ephreli.
- Umbuthano omncane wezinkampani ezihlinzeka ngamazambane embewu eRussia.
Ngo-2020, abakhiqizi bangaphandle be-TOP-10 (uma singazicabangeli izinto ezivela emazweni e-EAEU) babalelwa ku-96,9% wawo wonke amavolumu, ngoJanuwari-Novemba 2021 - 92,2%. Ngokuqondene nezinkampani ezingenisa kwamanye amazwe ezibhaliswe eRussian Federation, i-TOP-10 yabalelwa ku-2020% wamavolumu ngo-95,4, kanye nama-2021% ngoJanuwari-Novemba 93,8.