Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esomile ezindaweni eziningi zezolimo zaseRussia, isivuno samazambane, izaqathe nama-beet besiphansi ngesizini edlule. Indawo emashalofini yathathwa yimikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe, okwaholela ekwenyukeni kwamanani entengo ye "set for borscht". Izindleko zayo zaqala ukwehla njengoba amaqoqo emikhiqizo yasekhaya yesilimo esisha engena emakethe. Ochwepheshe benkampani ka-August, umkhiqizi omkhulu waseRussia wemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo zamakhemikhali, bakhulume ngezingozi abalimi abanazo ukuze bavikele izitshalo zemifino kusukela ngo-2021.
Izambane. “Okwamanje sidla amazambane asekuqaleni atholakala e-Egypt, Pakistan, Israel. Kwengezwe kuwo amazambane ase-Iranian, atshalwa ezindaweni eziniselwa nge-50%. Ingena emakethe ngesikhathi lapho ingakwazi ukuncintisana kalula ngamanani namazambane akhiqizwa eRussia, kodwa lokho sekudlule isikhathi sokugcina, - kuchaza uDmitry Belov, inhloko yomnyango wokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo wenkampani "August". - Ngaphezu kwalokho, idlula izinkomba ze-organoleptic zamazambane afuywayo, abelokhu esitolo izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ukulandela amazambane "aphesheya" avuthwa eSifundazweni SaseSouthern Federal, kanye "cishe umdabu" wase-Azerbaijani. Amanani amazambane okuqala ahlala eyi-premium: ngakho-ke, ekuthengeni kulo nyaka baqale kusuka kuma-ruble angama-20 ngekhilogremu ngayinye, bese kuthi, ngokuya ngesilinganiso sezilimo eziyizigaxa, baqala ukwehla baba ngama-ruble angama-XNUMX.
Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kuseyisidingo, njengoba amazambane amancane avunwa eRussia ngo-2020 - ngokusho koMnyango Wezolimo, amathani ayizigidi eziyi-19,5 (ngokumelene namathani ayizigidi ezingama-22,1 ngo-2019). Isizathu kwaba kokubili isimo sezulu kanye nokuncipha endaweni ngaphansi izitshalo. Futhi lokhu, kube umphumela wokugcwala ngokweqile kwemakethe ngo-2019, lapho, ngenxa yensalela yamazambane namanani aphansi awo, abathengi bacishe bangezwani nokuguquguquka kwezintengo zesizini. Indima enqumayo kulezi zinqubo idlalwa ukungabi namandla okugcina abakhiqizi, okunganikezi imakethe yaseRussia ngomkhiqizo wasekhaya wekhwalithi ephezulu ngendlela ezinzile futhi engenabungozi.
Ngo-2021, ukutshala amazambane kwephuzile ezifundeni eziningi, okwandisa intengo yezinhlobo zakuqala. Ezindaweni eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kokukhula kwamazambane eCentral Federal District - eMoscow, eTula, eNizhny Novgorod, ezifundeni zaseBryansk - isiko manje lisalele emuva ekukhuleni cishe isonto elilodwa noma amabili. “Amazambane atshalwe kusenesikhathi azizwa ekahle, kodwa amanye afika sekwephuzile abhekana nokucindezeleka kwezinga lokushisa lapho, esimweni sezulu esishisayo, isithombo, sifika emhlabathini oshisayo, sigoba ngaphandle kokufika phezulu,” kuphawula uDmitry. Belov.
Ngenxa yokubambezeleka kwezimila kanye nezimo zezulu ezomile ngoJuni nangoJulayi 2021, ukwelashwa kwamazambane ngokumelene nokulimaza sekwephuzile kubambezelekile. Ingxenye ebalulekile yezitshalo ngokwesiko isongelwa izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane, futhi isilokazane esiyinhloko, i-Colorado potato beetle, nayo isiqalile ukusebenza. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile, isimo sezitshalo zamazambane asibangeli ukukhathazeka okuningi, ochwepheshe "ngo-Agasti" wombuso. Amathemba amazambane aniselweyo mahle kakhulu - isivuno sawo ehektheleni ngalinye ngaphansi kwezimo zamanje singaphinda kabili isivuno sesitshalo esitshalwe ngendlela evamile.
I-Beetroot Ekutshalweni kwe-beetroot, ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo yokuvikela amakhemikhali nokudla okunamaminerali ngokuvamile kudlala indima ebalulekile. Amathrendi ezimakethe zezibulala-zinambuzane nezomanyolo azothinta izindleko zayo. Kuze kube manje, izitshalo ze-table beet ezweni lonke zisesimweni esihle kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, izingozi ekulinyweni kwayo ziyafana nalezo ze-beet ushukela: kungenzeka ukuthi isimo sezulu sizowohloka (kwezinye izindawo imvula eningi, edala ukubola kwezimpande, ingaba yingozi esikweni, futhi endaweni ethile, ngokuphambene nalokho, isomiso), izifo - i-ramulariasis kanye ne-cercospora, inkathazo yi-beet weevil, ukuqubuka kwayo okubhekwa kulo nyaka eSifundazweni Sase-Southern Federal.
Isaqathe. Amapulazi amaningi akhula ngempumelelo lesi sitshalo ngo-2021, kodwa, nokho, ezifundeni eziningi, isomiso nemvula eningi kuphazamise izithombo. Kwakheke uqweqwe lobumba emasimini amaningi, okuphazamisa ukukhula kwezithombo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezitshalo ze-carrot ngo-2021 kungase kukhuphule ukhula olukhule kakhulu, ngoba ngenxa yemvula ezindaweni eziningi kwakungenakwenzeka ukwenza ukwelashwa kwe-herbicide ngesikhathi. Usongo lokubola kwezimpande lusekhona. Izaqathi ngokwesiko ziyisitshalo esingabizi ukuze sikhule ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezivumayo, kodwa uma zingekho, khona-ke zigcina isivuno esihle kuphela emapulazini anemishini yezobuchwepheshe ephezulu. Futhi amafemu anjalo abeka inani elifanele lomkhiqizo wabo.
Iklabishi. Intengo yokuthengisa yale mifino ngo-2021 nayo yakhula ngamandla, kodwa manje yehle kakhulu. - sibonga ukunikezwa kweklabishi lakuqala elivela ezifundeni zaseCaucasus, leli hlobo elihamba ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Uma kuqhathaniswa, isimo sasihlukile ngo-2020, lapho ngenxa yalolu bhubhane kanye nokuphazamiseka kwamaketanga, iklabishi elisha alikwazanga ukulethwa kubathengi, futhi ngokuvamile kwakudingeka lilahlwe. Azikho ukuqubuka okwedlulele kwezinambuzane - ezifana neklabishi scoop, iklabishi whiteworm, ibhu leklabishi - ngo-2021, nakuba lezi zinambuzane zikhona ngamanani alinganiselwe, futhi ukwelashwa ngokumelene nazo kwenziwa njengenjwayelo. Ngokuqondene nezifo, ngesizini ka-2021, i-vascular bacteriosis ingalimaza iklabishi, eyingozi ikakhulukazi kuleyo ngxenye yesitshalo ehloselwe ukugcinwa ezindaweni zokugcina impahla kuze kube yintwasahlobo.
Ngokuvamile, ochwepheshe bathi, isimo ngemifino ngo-2021 singase sibe ngcono kunango-2020, futhi amathuba okuthola isivuno esivamile sezitshalo ezibalulekile aphezulu kakhulu. Ngokuwa, amanani entengo yemifino kufanele asondele kumanani abo amancane: ngalesi sikhathi, abalimi bazozama ukuthengisa imikhiqizo yesivuno esisha, engahloselwe ukugcinwa, ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.
"Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi amazambane nezaqathi kuzoshibhile kunobhanana namawolintshi ngonyaka olandelayo," kusho uDmitry Belov. - Akuwona wonke imifino evela "kusethi ye-borscht" engabizwa ngokuthi kulula ukukhula. Ngandlela thize, amanani entengo kufanele athinteke ekukhuleni kwezindleko zembewu nomanyolo ngo-2021, kanye nokushoda kwabasebenzi embonini yezolimo, eye yathuthukiswa, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ngenxa yemikhawulo yokusebenza. ukufuduka ngesikhathi sobhadane. Ukwengeza, izimo zezulu ziyashintsha, futhi kulandela ukungahambi kahle kwesimo sezulu, abalimi babhekene nezinselele ezintsha ezidinga ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlobo ezimelana nezifo, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha bezolimo kanye nezindleko zokuvuselela izinto zokusebenza. Kodwa manje isici esibaluleke kakhulu esithonya ukukhuphuka kwamanani uhlelo lwabaxhumanisi ochungechungeni lokusabalalisa ukukhiqizwa. Inhlangano yokugcina okuhlanganisiwe yemikhiqizo yezitshalo kufanele isetshenziswe ezingeni lamaphrojekthi kazwelonke: khona-ke amanani anengqondo, ukudla okunempilo kwabantu, ukuthuthukiswa kokulima, amabhizinisi amancane kanye nezindawo zasemaphandleni ngokuvamile kuzoqinisekiswa. "