Eminye yentuthuko isivele isifakiwe ekukhiqizeni ezinkampanini zamakhemikhali zaseRussia.
Njengengxenye yephrojekthi ye-Russian Science Foundation, elabhorethri yokuvikelwa kwezitshalo ze-biological of the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University (NSAU), umsebenzi uyaqhubeka okwamanje wokuthuthukisa amagciwane, isikhunta namagciwane asetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni ukuvikela izitshalo ezinambuzaneni - izinambuzane nezifo. Okokuqala sikhuluma ngezilimo ezinjengamazambane, i-rapeseed, nommbila. Lezi zenzakalo, njengenhloko yelabhorethri, uDokotela Wesayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo u-Ivan Dubovsky, wathi ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwabezindaba e-NSAU, asetshenziswa abakhiqizi bezidakamizwa ezihambisanayo, njengeSibbiopharm, Biofactory Koltsovo, Bionovatik.
"Ngokuyinhloko sisebenzisa imikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo zezinto eziphilayo - amagciwane, isikhunta namagciwane," kusho usosayensi. - Isibonelo, i-Colorado potato beetle ingabhujiswa kusetshenziswa amagciwane. Ngokuthelela izinambuzane, sithola amabhaktheriya asebenzayo futhi siwasebenzisa ngokumelene ne-Colorado potato beetle. Kodwa amabhaktheriya ngokwawo angama-biological agents, ngakho-ke angababulali abangaphelele: emvelweni, akuzuzisi ukuthi i-parasite ibhubhise ngokuphelele umsingathi. Sengeza ukusebenza kahle kumagciwane sisebenzisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-RNA, sisebenzisa izithasiselo ezahlukahlukene. Sakha izidakamizwa zesizukulwane esilandelayo ezizobhubhisa ngempumelelo i-Colorado potato beetle.
Ngaphezu kokulawula izinambuzane, izidakamizwa ezakhiwe ososayensi baseSiberia nazo zithuthukisa izakhiwo zezitshalo ngokwazo.
“Senza imishanguzo esiza lesi sitshalo, ithuthukise impilo yaso, futhi isize ekulweni nezifo ezinhlobonhlobo,” kusho inhloko yocwaningo. “Umphumela wukwenyuka kwesivuno kuze kufike ku-30%. Amabhaktheriya anjalo awagcini nje ukuvikela izifo, kodwa futhi asize ukuthuthukisa ukumuncwa kwe-nitrogen. Ngakho-ke, zisebenza njengama-fertilizer. Kodwa ukuze wenze umkhiqizo webhayoloji uphumelele kakhudlwana, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi usebenza kanjani, ubheke ngaphakathi emzimbeni, ufunde ukuthi ibhaktheriya lizosebenza kanjani esitshalweni, ngenxa yalokho ukukhula kuzokhuthazwa.
Ngokusho kososayensi, okwamanje abakhiqizi bamakhemikhali nemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo basebenzisa cishe i-10-15% yentuthuko yenyuvesi, ngezinhlelo zokwandisa lesi sibalo okungenani ku-50%. Asikho isidingo sokukhuluma ngezimakethe zangaphandle ngenxa yomehluko wemithetho.
"Sithuthukisa imibono ezimweni zomnotho wethu kanye nemithetho yethu," kuchaza u-Ivan Dubovsky. — Asikwazi ukusebenzisa ubunjiniyela ezidakamizweni ezisetshenziswa kulo mkhakha. Kodwa zikhona futhi intuthuko enjalo. Mhlawumbe nathi sizoyisebenzisa, ngoba lokhu kwenziwa emhlabeni wonke. Sinephrojekthi esebenzisa ubunjiniyela bezakhi zofuzo ukuze sakhe ibhaktheriya ephumelelayo yezinambuzane. Kodwa manje siphoqeleka ukuthi sithembele kwezinye izindlela.