Ochwepheshe bomnyango wokuvikelwa kwezitshalo wegatsha le-Federal State Budgetary Institution "Rosselkhozcenter" eKrasnoyarsk Territory minyaka yonke baqapha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ezintweni eziyingozi. Ngakho-ke, kule nkathi yamanje ka-2022, 1144,21 amathani ayizinkulungwane ezibulala izinambuzane asetshenziswa esifundeni, lapho amathani ayizinkulungwane 19,44 kwaba biological (1,7% yenani eliphelele). Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule, umthamo wemikhiqizo yokuvikela izitshalo esetshenziswayo unyuke ngo-19%. (Umdwebo 1). Kulezi, ingxenye yezidakamizwa ezingenisiwe ibe ngu-36%, ezasekhaya - 39% kanye nezasekhaya - 25%. (Umdwebo 2).
Ingxenye enkulu yenani eliphelele lezibulala-zinambuzane ezisetshenziswayo liwela emithini yokubulala ukhula - 65,6%. Sekukonke, ukwelashwa kwe-herbicide ngo-2022 kwenziwa endaweni engamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-920,73 ngokwasemzimbeni, ukwelashwa okukodwa kwaba amahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1535,91. Kulawa, amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-618,65 aphathwe ukhula lotshani, amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-917,25 ayenamaqabunga abanzi.
Amalungiselelo e-fungicidal abalelwa ku-14,1% yenani eliphelele lezibulala-zinambuzane, asetshenziswa endaweni engamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-274,67. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngokumelene nokubola kwezimpande - amahektha ayi-16,9 ayizinkulungwane; izifo zamaqabunga ezitshalo zokusanhlamvu - 222,31 izinkulungwane zamahektha; I-Alternariosis ye-rapeseed - izinkulungwane ezingama-23,8 ha.
Inani lezibulala-magciwane ezisetshenzisiwe lafinyelela ku-12,7% wesamba sesamba sezibulala-zinambuzane. Esifundeni, ama-agent okugqoka ayesetshenziswa ngokumelene nokubola kwezimpande kanye nokuphikisana nesinkwa namazeze cruciferous. Kuwo wonke umthamo wama-disinfectants asetshenzisiwe, ama-insecticidal kanye nama-fungicides alinganiselwa ku-53,4%, e-insecticidal - 6,0% kanye nama-fungicidal - 40,6%.
Amalungiselelo e-insecticide abalelwa ku-5,2% yenani eliphelele lezibulala-zinambuzane, ukwelashwa kwenziwa endaweni engamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-319,18 (kanye ngamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-342,66). Isivuno esikhulu esilinyiwe sasiyi-rapeseed: amahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100,1 aphathwe ngokumelene ne-cruciferous flea beetle, amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-106,2 aphathwa ngokumelene ne-rapeseed beetle, futhi amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-10,4 aphathwa ngokumelene nebhu leklabishi. Futhi, ukwelashwa kwenziwa ezitshalweni zokusanhlamvu: amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-22,7 aphathwe ngokumelene ne-bread flea, amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80,1 aphathwe ngama-thrips kakolweni (imago), kanti amahektha ayi-8,6 ayizinkulungwane aphathwe ngokumelene nezintwala zotshani. Ukusetshenziswa kwezilawuli zokukhula kufinyelele ku-2,4% wesamba sesamba sezibulala-zinambuzane. Isamba esingamahektha ayizi-26,52 3 alashwa futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni zokusanhlamvu ukuvimbela indawo yokulala nokwandisa isivuno (Fig. XNUMX).
Umthwalo wezibulala-zinambuzane ngo-2022 endaweni yaseKrasnoyarsk Territory wawufinyelela ku-0,27 kg/ha ngento esebenzayo, kanye no-1,09 kg/ha ngesisindo somzimba.