Territory: 1 sq. km
AbantuAbantu abangu-3, okungu-723% wabo abahlala emadolobheni.
Isikhundla sendawo: Isifunda iTyumen siseWestern Siberia. Imingcele: eningizimu - neKazakhstan, eningizimu-ntshonalanga - nesifunda saseKurgan, entshonalanga - nesifunda saseSverdlovsk, enyakatho - neKhanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, empumalanga - nezifunda zaseTomsk nase-Omsk.
Isimo sezulu: ngokucijile izwekazi, ngamazinga okushisa aphansi ebusika, imimoya ephezulu nomswakama owedlulele ehlobo. Izici eziyinhloko ezihlukile ukude okuvela e-Atlantic Ocean, ubukhulu bamathafa, avulekele ekungeneni komoya obandayo wase-Arctic nomoya ofudumele ovela e-Asia Ephakathi.
Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kukaJanuwari li--29 ° C, Julayi: + 18 ° C. Engxenyeni emaphakathi yesifunda, izinga lokushisa likaJanuwari liyi: -23 ° С, Julayi: + 16-18 ° С; eningizimu -19-17 ° C ngoJanuwari, + 19 ° C ngoJulayi. Ukucwila kwehla kusuka ku-200 kuye ku-600 mm ngonyaka.
I-Permafrost isabalele enyakatho. Isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku ezingama-50-162.
Ukukhulula: Isifunda sithatha ingxenye enkulu ye-West Siberian Plain. Ngasentshonalanga, ngaphakathi esifundeni, kukhona emithambekeni yasempumalanga yeNyakatho, i-Subpolar (ukuphakama kuze kufike ku-1895 m, Mount Narodnaya) kanye ne-Polar Urals. Ingxenye ethafile inamacala amakhulu, inenqwaba yamachibi.
Inhlabathi: ejwayelekile kakhulu esifundeni i-podolic encane-encanyana; ihlathi elimpunga elinosawoti; grey ihlathi elimnyama malt gley; indawo yokugcwala komhlaba; i-meadow-chernozem ixazululwe; umabhebhana.
Ngokuvamile, isifunda sikhonjwa ngokushintshwa kaningi kwenhlabathi eyisikhala endaweni ekhawulelwe. Lokhu kuvezwa kakhulu endaweni eyihlathi-steppe.
Isici esibaluleke kunazo zonke zenhlabathi yamahlathi asemahlathini esifundeni iTyumen ngusawoti. Umhlabathi we-Zonal chernozem ufaka phakathi i-meadow solonetzes, i-soddy solonetzes, i-meadow solonchaks, i-meadow-bog nenhlabathi, njll. Isabelo sale nhlabathi ezinkampanini singafinyelela ku-30-50%. Inhlabathi yezindawo ezigcwele izikhukhula zemifula nayo iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Inhlabathi ye-Floodplain isabalele - amadlelo, amadlelo agudlukile kanye nedlelo lonke.
Indawo yezolimo: 2 920,7 thous. Ha.
Isifunda saseTyumen sinezimo zezulu ezinzima, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, zingakhula ngempumelelo amazambane futhi zinikeze inani labantu bakulesi sifunda ukudla.
Ukukhiqizwa kwamazambane esifundeni kwenziwa ngamabhizinisi ezolimo angama-97. Bathola cishe ama-40% womkhiqizo ophelele osukhule esifundeni. Ukuvunwa kwamazambane okuphelele ngonyaka emkhakheni wezimboni kungaphezu kwamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-200.
Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka we-2018, ama-8 923 ha amazambane atshaliwe, amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-238,9 okuvunwa okukhulu atholwe ngesivuno samahektha angama-268.
Ukuqhathanisa: ngonyaka we-2017, indawo eyayitshaliwe yayisezingeni lamahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-8,7, amathani ayinkulungwane ezingama-231,4 avuniwe ngesivuno esimaphakathi sama-262,7 kg / ha. Ngo-2016, amazambane emkhakheni wezimboni atshalwe kumahektare angama-9,6, isivuno esikhulu saba ngamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-185,1, isivuno esiphakathi: 194 kg / ha.
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ezitshalwe esifundeni yilezi: iRosara, iRed Scarlett, iGala, i-Evolution, i-Impala, iTuleevsky, iBrook, njll.
Abakhiqizi bezambane likhulukazi abakha izambane likapondo kule ndawo yiAgrofirm KRiMM LLC, Peasant Farm Druzhba LLC, Yasen-Agro LLC. Bonke basebenza ngokuya ngezindlela zanamuhla zobuchwepheshe obuphakeme, ezivumela ukuthola isivuno esiphakeme kakhulu e-Urals Federal District.
Ngo-2019, abakhiqizi bezolimo baseTyumen batshala amazambane endaweni engaba amahektha angama-8. Izindawo eziyinhloko zokutshala: i-Armizonsky, i-Nizhnetavdinsky, iTyumensky, i-Uporovsky, i-Yurginsky, i-Yalutorovsky, i-Yarkovsky, kanye nezifunda zasemadolobheni zaseGolyshmanovsky naseZavodoukovsky. Ukuvuna kwaqala ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala zika-Agasti (ngesikhathi kulungiswa lo mbhalo - 600/6.08.19/40 - amazambane ayevunwa kusuka kumahektha angama-374. Ngesivuno samasentimitha angama-XNUMX ehektheleni ngalinye, isivuno esikhulu sasingamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyinxenye nengxenye).
Isivuno esivelayo sithengiswa endaweni yesifunda (ukuze kudliwe ngaphakathi amathani ayi-130-135 amathani ayizinkulungwane), futhi kunikezwa nomakhelwane (eKhanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug - Yugra, ezifundeni zaseYamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Chelyabinsk naseSverdlovsk). Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe nakho kwenziwa eKazakhstan, e-Azerbaijan nase-Uzbekistan.
UKUSEKELA UPOTATO
Ngokuzibandakanya kwezimali zesabelomali sesifunda, kwakhiwa izimbiza eziningi zamazambane esifundeni, zinezindlela zanamuhla zokugcina ngokuzenzekelayo izinhlaka zokugcina ezidingekayo. Isisekelo sezinto ezibonakalayo nezobuchwepheshe zamabhizinisi abasebenza ekulimeni nasekugcinweni kwamazambane kwenziwa izinto zanamuhla. Imishini ekhona yezolimo kanye nogandaganda kwathathelwa indawo ngabanokwethenjelwa nabasebenza kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi wezandla kuncishisiwe.
Ukuxhaswa kwamazambane esifundeni nakho kwenziwa ngendlela yokubuyiselwa kwemali okutholwayo kwezindleko zokuthengwa kwezinto zembewu ezikhethekile, kanye nokunxephezelwa kwezinye izindleko zokunciphisa imingcele kanye nokufakwa phosphorizing kwenhlabathi ene-acidic okuhloswe ngayo ukutshala amazambane.
UKUKHETHA NOKUHLELA
Ukuzalaniswa kwamazambane esifundeni kwenziwa ngososayensi be-GAU be-Northern Trans-Urals kanye neSayensi Yezokucwaninga Ngezesayensi Yezolimo Yezolimo eNyakatho Trans-Urals. Ohlelweni lwempumelelo yakamuva, umuntu angaphawula izinhlobonhlobo eziqanjwe ngemuva kwe-scout Nikolai Kuznetsov, eyakhiwa ngonyaka ka-2016 ngabazalisi beyunivesithi yezolimo. Le potato ivumelana ngokuphelele nezimo zaseSiberia futhi inikeza isivuno esihle zombili ezimeni zesomiso nangesikhathi sokugcwala kwamanzi; izinhlobonhlobo zilwa nezifo eziningi, zimele ukunambitheka kwazo okuhle kakhulu futhi azibenzi mnyama ngemuva kokuzihlanza, noma zingavuthiwe noma zibilisiwe.
I-Agrarian University inelabhorethri yokuzalanisa amazambane. Kusukela ngo-2018, ochwepheshe bayo bebambe iqhaza kuphrojekthi ephelele yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe: "Ukuzalela, ukukhiqizwa kwembewu nokucutshungulwa kwezinhlobo zamazambane ezincintisanayo esifundeni saseTyumen" kanye nekhasimende leprojekthi - LLC "Agrofirma KRiMM". Namuhla, ababambiqhaza bephrojekthi babhekene nomsebenzi wokwenza nokuletha emakethe izinhlobo ezimbili ezintsha zokukhethwa kwamazambane endawo. Iphrojekthi izophothulwa kuze kube ngu-2025.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi akusona isipiliyoni sokuqala sokubamba iqhaza emsebenzini wokuzalisa inkampani yezolimo "i-KRiMM". Ochwepheshe benkampani kanye no-UralNI-IKH (umfuyi - uDokotela Wezesayensi Yezolimo E.P. Shanina) benze izinhlobo eziningi zamazambane (iLux, i-Otrada, iBravo, iMishka, iMiner), efakwe kwiRejista Yombuso Yezimpumelelo Zokuzalela.
I-Agrofirm “KRiMM” nayo ibhekene nokukhiqizwa okuyimbewu okuyiyona, enendawo yayo yokusebenzela yokukhiqiza amazambane angenayo imbewu ngegciwane. Le nkampani ingelinye labaholi abathathu baseRussia mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwamazambane. Inkampani yezolimo iletha impahla yembewu emapulazini esifunda nakwezinye izifunda: isuka eKrasnodar iye eKhabarovsk, kanye nasemazweni angomakhelwane.
Kunakwa kakhulu ekwakhiweni kokukhiqizwa kwembewu namanye amapulazi esifunda. Phakathi kwazo, ipulazi labampofu "Ubungani", eliqhuba umsebenzi wembewu ngokuxhumana ne-Agrotechnological Institute ye-GAU yeNyakatho Trans-Urals. Insimu yokuhlola yenzelwe epulazini, umsebenzi wokuhlanganisa ngokuhlanganyela uyaqhubeka, izinhlobo ezintsha ziyafundwa.
UKUQINQA
Kulonyaka, kuzothunyelwa indawo lapho kusetshenzelwa khona amazambane abumba u-Agrofirm KRiMM LLC esifundeni saseTyumen. Lokhu kungenye yamaphrojekthi amakhulu wokutshalwa kwezimali esifundeni, kuqalwa kusekelwa ngohulumeni wesifunda kanye nokuphathwa kwesifunda sase-Uporovsky.
Umthamo webhizinisi ohleliwe ungamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-30 wezinto zokusetshenziswa ngonyaka. Ukuhlinzeka ngomkhiqizo ngezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukubamba kwezolimo kwandise indawo yokulima amazambane.
Lesi sitshalo sizogxila ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo efanelekayo emakethe yaseRussia: amazambane abhekwe ngesigamu aphekwe ngezithako zemvelo, kanye namazambane amasha, asikiwe, angenamuntu asikiwe. Ukufakwa kwamagremu angama-400, amakhilogremu amabili nesigamu kanye nanhlanu kuzovumela ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo esekuqediwe ekhishini lasekhaya nasezindlini zokudla, kubandakanya nezokudla ezikoleni nasezinkulisa. Kuhlelwa ukuthi uma unyaka uqhubeka inkampani izokhiqiza amathani angama-15 wemikhiqizo eseqediwe.
Okwamanje, ukuthunyelwa kuyaqhubeka kulesi sitshalo.
sokufuna ka
Umsebenzi omkhulu wokuvuselela kabusha endaweni yesifunda saseTyumen waqala ngama-50s wekhulu lokugcina. Ngo-1992, kwakwakhiwe futhi kwabuyiselwa izinhlelo ezingaphezu kuka-120 esifundeni. Indawo yamapulazi aniselwayo yayingamahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,4, umhlaba omuncekile - amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-92,4. Kwabe sekufika isikhathi eside somnotho.
Ngo-2014, indawo yomhlaba oniselwa ngenkasa esifundeni iTyumen yayingamahektha angama-3, okungaba cishe ama-910% azo zonke izitshalo zamazambane nemifino ezingaphansi kwezinhlangano zezolimo, osomabhizinisi ngabanye namapulazi abalimi. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinga lokonakala kwezinhlelo zokubuyiswa kabusha ezindaweni eziningi leqa ama-37%.
Lesi sifunda, esithuthukisa ezolimo ngentshiseko, sibhekene nombuzo wesidingo sokubuyisa izinhlelo zamanzi kanye nokunisela.
Uhlelo oluhlosiwe oluyisisekelo esithi "Ukuthuthukiswa Kokulungiswa Komhlaba Kwezolimo ZaseRussia Zonyaka we-2014 ukuya ku-2020" lusiza namuhla ukunciphisa inkinga. kanye nohlelo lwesifunda lokuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa kabusha komhlaba esifundeni saseTyumen, ebelisebenza kusukela ngo-2016.
Kusetshenziswa uhlelo oluhlosiwe lwenhlangano, uhlelo lokudonswa kwamanzi ngokudotshwa kweKukushkinskaya lwamahekthare ayinkulungwane 2 lwafakwa esifundeni, kwafakwa amasistimu okunisela endaweni engamahektare angaphezu kuka-800 enkampanini yezolimo yaseKRiMM ngaphansi kohlelo lwesifunda. Umthombo wamanzi walezi zindawo ezintsha oniselwa yi-reservoir emfuleni i-Chernaya, owakhiwa ngaphambili.
UKUQEQESHA
Esifundeni saseTyumen, kukhona abahlanganyeli abayisikhombisa abaphambili ekufundeni kwezolimo: yiNyuvesi Yezolimo Yunivesithi kanye namakolishi ayisithupha ezobuchwepheshe kwezolimo: Amakolishi aseTobolsk nase-Ishim multidisciplinary, Golyshmanovsky agro-pedagogical koreji, ikolishi lezolimo laseYalutorovsk, ikolishi lamahlathi laseTyumen kanye neZavodoukovsky agroindustrial.
I-State Agrarian University yaseNyakatho Trans-Urals iyisikhungo sesifunda somsebenzi wezemfundo, ukwesekwa kwesayensi kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ephezulu yezobuchwepheshe emkhakheni wezolimo.
Bangaphezu kuka-4500 abafundi kanye nabafundi abafunda enyuvesi ngokugcwele, ngezikhathi zomsebenzi nangezinhlelo zesikhashana ezikhungweni ezinhlanu:
- Isikhungo Sezolimo (i-ATI)
- I-Institute of Mechanics and Technology (MIT)
- Isikhungo se-Biotechnology kanye ne-Veterinary Medicine (IB ne-BM)
- Isikhungo Sezemfundo Yobude (IDO)
- I-Institute for Advanced Study kanye ne-retraining of Empty (IPC ne-PC)
Abafundi baseNyuvesi baqeqeshwa futhi bafundwe emabhizinisini aholayo njengepulazi lokufuya iYubileiny, inkampani yezolimo yeKRiMM, ne-Evika-Agro.
IMALI YOKUPHATHA IMALI
Ngo-2011, esifundeni sase-Uporovsky esifundeni saseTyumen, abalimi bendawo bakha itshe lesikhumbuzo kumazambane ezinhlobonhlobo zeZekura. Isikhumbuzo yimbiza yamamitha amabili. Kwakhiwa isikhumbuzo lesikhumbuzo esiya ku-uporovskaya agrofirm “KRiMM”.
Lokhu okuqukethwe kwalungiswa nguMnyango wezolimo wezezolimo esifundeni saseTyumen