Indawo yesifunda: amamitha-skwele ayi-34,5. km
Inani labantu: 1068934 abantu, ngaphezu kwe-41% bahlala emaphandleni.
Indawo: Indawo itholakala enyakatho-empumalanga yesifunda somnotho omnyama, etholakala ekuxhumaneni kwezitimela ezibalulekile nemigwaqo exhumanisa neRussia maphakathi, isifunda saseVolga, eningizimu nentshonalanga yezwe.
Isimo sezulu: Izwekazi elipholile impela, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kukaJanuwari li -10,2 ° C, Julayi + 19,4 ° C, isikhathi sokukhula siyizinsuku eziyi-189, imvula yonyaka isuka ku-322 iye ku-807 mm.
Usizo: ithafa eliphansi elinokuphakama okuphezulu okungamamitha ayi-150 ngaphezu kolwandle.
IHydrography: imifula engaba ngu-1400 igeleza esifundeni. Okukhulu kunabo bonke (ngaphezu kwama-200 km ubude): iTsna, iVorona, iBityug, iVoronezh neSaveala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingaba ngu-900 izindawo zokugcina ezakhiwe ezinomthamo wamanzi ophelele wezigidi ezingama-534,5 m3 esifundeni. Okubaluleke kakhulu (ngevolumu yamanzi ayizigidi ezi-5 kuya kwezi-13 m3): IShushpanskoye, iChelnavskoye, iKershinskoye, Yaroslavl.
Isikhwama sezomhlaba sesifunda: amahektha ayizigidi ezi-3,4. Umhlaba wezolimo uthatha amahektha ayizigidi ezingama-2,7 (78,9%). Ama-akhawunti womhlaba ofanelekayo amahektha ayizigidi ezingama-2,1 (80,7%), umhlabathi omnyama uyanqotshwa (87% wamapulazi). Inhlabathi evundile ibhekwa ngokufanele njengomcebo oyinhloko wesifunda. Amahektha ayizigidi eziyi-0,5 (18,2%) ahlala ezindaweni ezinamadlelo aluhlaza kanye namadlelo, u-1,1% angamapulangwe angapheli.
Izindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu ngentuthuko
Ezolimo umkhakha ohamba phambili emnothweni wesifunda; isabelo salo kumkhiqizo ophelele wesifunda ungaphezu kwe-17%. Ekukhiqizeni izitshalo, imizamo emikhulu yabalimi ihlose ukukhulisa umkhiqizo, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yayo ngokwethulwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nokusetshenziswa okubanzi kobuchwepheshe besimanje bokonga izinsiza.
Kubhekelwa kakhulu ekuvuseleleni kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nezobuchwepheshe kwezokukhiqiza kwezolimo, zivuselele ukwakhiwa kwezindlela ezincane zokuphatha kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga zomphakathi emaphandleni.
Enye yezilimo ezibaluleke kakhulu esifundeni ngamazambane. Esifundeni saseTambov, ama-5,4% amazambane atshalwa kusuka ekukhiqizweni okuphelele esifundeni seCentral Federal.
Njengamanje, izinhlangano zezolimo zandisa i-acreage yamazambane nemifino. Ukunisela kuya ngokuya kungeniswa ekukhiqizeni, kanti kwakhiwa izindawo zokugcina zamazambane nemifino.
Izimpumelelo zika-2014
Eminyakeni emihlanu eyedlule, indawo otshalwe kuyo amazambane ezinhlanganweni zezolimo esifundeni saseTambov ikhule kakhulu: isuka kumahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2,8 ngonyaka we-2010 iye kumahektare ayizinkulungwane ezingama-4,9 ngonyaka ka-2014. Indawo ephelele engaphansi kwamazambane kuyo yonke imikhakha yamapulazi ifinyelela kuma-39,8 XNUMX eehektha.
Ukuvunwa okukhulu kwamazambane ngonyaka ka-2014 ezinhlanganweni zezolimo nasemapulazini abampofu (abalimi) esifundeni saseTambov kufinyelela kumathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-125 ngesivuno esimaphakathi sama-208,3 c / ha. Lezi yizinkomba ezinzima kubalimi esifundeni. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka we-2010, ukuvuna okuphelele kwamazambane emkhakheni wezimpahla kwaba ngamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-16,3, ngonyaka ka-2012 - amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-73,2. Sekukonke, esifundeni ngonyaka odlule amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-522,3 avuniwe ngesivuno esingu-131,2 t / ha (Ithebula 1).
Kwamanye amapulazi, isivuno besisondela ku-300 c / ha. Ukwenza isibonelo, amathani amazambane ayi-392 avunwe eTambov Farms LLC enendawo engama-12 ha ukuthola isivuno esingama-748 c / ha. I-Agro-Yurievo LLC enendawo engamahektha angama-325,2 ikhiqize amathani wamazambane ayi-410 ngesivuno esingama-11 c / ha.
Kuyaqakatheka ukwanda kwendawo ekhula ngamazambane ezinhlanganweni zezolimo kanye ne-K (F) X. Eminyakeni emine (ukusuka ngonyaka ka-2011 kuya ku-2014), ikhule ngamaphesenti angama-77, isuka kumahektha ayinkulungwane eziyi-3,4 ngonyaka wezi-2011 yaya kumahektare ayizinkulungwane eziyi-6,0 ngonyaka ka-2014.
Ukuxhaswa kwezifunda
Ukuphathwa kwesifunda kudala izimo ezihlelekile nezezezimali zokuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa kwezolimo. Kuze kube manje, uMnyango wezoLimo weSifunda saseTambov usungule uhlelo olubaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho lokuthuthukisa amazambane nemifino ekhula emhlabathini ovulekile futhi uvikelekile esifundeni saseTambov "sonyaka wezi-2015 kuya ku-2017.
Ukuqaliswa kwalolu hlelo kuzovumela ukwandisa umthamo wokukhiqizwa kwamazambane ezinhlanganweni zezolimo kanye namapulazi abalimi kuze kufike kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-154,0 eminyakeni emithathu; indawo ehlwanyelwe - kufika kumahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-7,0.
Lolu hlelo luhlinzeka ngoxhasomali lokubuyiselwa kwemali yezindleko kubakhiqizi bezolimo kanye nasemapulazini abampofu yokuthengwa kukagandaganda omusha okhethekile nemishini yezolimo yokukhiqiza amazambane nemifino yasensimini evulekile, ukuthengwa kwemishini emisha yokugcina, ukucubungula, ukucubungula okwenziwa ngesikhathi, ukufakwa kwemifino namazambane, kanye nokuthengwa kwempahla yembewu yamazambane.
Logistics
Abalimi esifundeni banaka kakhulu enhlanganweni yokugcina amazambane enamandla futhi esebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, enkampanini yezikweletu ekhawulelwe IGreen Valley Umthamo wesigodi weMichurinsky wesitoreji sanamuhla ngamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60,0.
I-LLC "Amapulazi eTambov" Isifunda saseStaroyuryevsky - ipulazi eligxile ekukhiqizeni amazambane ekukhiqizeni ama-chips - linezindawo zokugcina ezinamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,0.
I-Agro-Yurevo LLC Isifunda i-Staroyuryevsky, senze umsebenzi wokukhiqiza amazambane nemifino, sinendawo ezintathu zokugcina zesimanje ezinenani eliphelele lamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi.
Ngo-2013, kwakhiwa indawo yokugcina amazambane yanamuhla futhi yathunyelwa kuyo I-LLC Agrofirm Zhupikov Isifunda saseSosnovsky ngamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,0.
Ukuthuthuka ngempumelelo kwamazambane akhula akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kwenhlangano yokuthengwa kwamazambane okumaphakathi nokwenyusa kwawo emakethe. Mayelana nalokhu, umgomo womnyango "Uhlelo olubalulekile kwezomnotho lokwakhiwa kwezikhungo (zokuthenga nokuthengisa) zezindawo ezisetshenziselwa ukugcina, ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kokuthengiswa nokuthengiswa kwamazambane nemifino esifundeni saseTambov" yango-2014-2016.
Inhloso yalolu hlelo ukudala izimo zokwakhiwa kohlelo oluhlanganisiwe lokuthengwa kwempahla, ukulondolozwa, ukulungiswa kwangaphambili kokuthengiswa kanye nokuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ukukhulisa ukuncintisana kwamabhizinisi ezolimo endawo.
Kuze kube manje, kucatshangelwa le misebenzi elandelayo: ukudalwa kwenethiwekhi yezitolo zemifino nezikhungo zokusabalalisa okuphelele ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo, kanye nobuchwepheshe besimanjemanje nobuchwepheshe bokwenza lo mkhiqizo, ukugcinwa nokulungiswa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo.
Uhlelo luhlela ukufeza imiphumela elandelayo:
- ukwenza ngcono amazinga okuphila kanye nokungena kwesibalo sabantu basemakhaya, ukulondolozwa okukhona nokwakha amathuba emisebenzi amasha;
- ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamazambane nemifino;
- ukukhula ekuvuneni okukhulu kwamazambane nemifino ngezindlela ezincane zokuphatha: kusuka kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12,1 ngonyaka ka-2013 kuya kumathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-19,4 ngonyaka wezi-2016 (unyaka uHlelo luphela).
Uhlelo lolu luhlinzeka ngoxhasomali lokubuyiselwa kwemali yezindleko kubakhiqizi bezolimo zokwakha, ukwakha kabusha, ukwenza izinto zesimanje kanye nokusebenza kabusha kwezobuchwepheshe kwamalungiselelo okuhlinzekelwa kwezinto (okuthengiswayo nokusabalalisa); ukutholwa kwemishini yobuchwepheshe yokugcina, ukucubungula impahla yemikhiqizo egciniwe, ukuhlunga, ukuhlukaniswa kokungcola, ukuhlunga, ukufakwa, ukufakwa, ukufakwa kwesiqandisini (ukufudumeza) imishini yokulungisa okuyisisekelo (okokuqandisa) nokugcina okulandelayo kwemikhiqizo yemifino namazambane; ukuthengwa kwemishini nemishini yezolimo ukuhlomisa izikhungo (zamandla zezinto zonke) kanye nezinsizakusebenza ngemishini nemishini yokulayisha nokuthumela imishini.
Amapulazi athuthukile
Inkampani Yezinkampani "Kornev Group".
Ebusika bango-2010, umqondo wazalwa ngokwakha indawo yokubambisa yezolimo esifundeni saseTambov, ekwazi ukunikeza lesi sifunda nezindawo ezizungezile imifino enendawo ezungezile futhi eshibhile, kanye nokwazisa imisebenzi emisha ekhokhelwa kakhulu abantu bendawo.
Isu lokuthuthuka lamukelwa njengecebo lokusebenza kahle kakhulu. Kusho ukuba khona kwebhange lomhlaba elikhulu, elikhula njalo, ukwethulwa kwezindlela eziwusizo kakhulu zokubheka nokutshala umhlaba, kanye nokutshala imali kwezimpahla zokukhiqiza ezisiza kakhulu nezinenzuzo.
Ngakho-ke inhlangano yabiza IGreen Valleyngemuva kwalokho kufakwe kwiQembu Lezinkampani I-LLC "I-Kornev Group". Ngonyaka wokuqala wokusebenza, atholakala amahektha angama-3 500 wezwe lebhizinisi elingenanzuzo i-CJSC Privolie, kwaqalwa umkhumbi wemishini yezolimo yanamuhla evela ezinkampanini eziholayo zaseYurophu, kwaqalwa kwakhiwa indawo yokugcina amazambane ngamathani angama-4000 wemikhiqizo. Ngo-2011, ukuthuthukiswa nokwakhiwa kabusha okusebenzayo kwaqala, kanye nokwazisa okuyingxenye ekusakazweni komhlaba wamazambane nezinye izitshalo zezolimo. Ngo-2012, izimbiza zamazambane zamathani angama-60 wemikhiqizo eseqediwe sezivele zithintekile emsebenzini; Isitolo semifino esingamathani angama-000 2 esinemishini yokuqandeka; Kwaqalwa umugqa wokupakisha amazambane owomile nemifino. NgoSepthemba 000, izwe lase likhule ngamahektare angaphezu kuka-2012. Ekwindla ka-10, kufakelwa indawo yokukhulisa izinsimbi yamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-000 kwingqalasizinda yokukhiqiza, kanye nomugqa wokuwasha, wokugaya, wokulinganisa nokupakisha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokufakwa kwamazambane nemifino. Ngo-2013, ibhalansi yomhlaba inyuke yaba ngama-20 ha.
Eminyakeni emithathu yentuthuko enkulu kakhulu, le nkampani isisungule ubudlelwano obuqinile nabathengi abanjengoCJSC Tander, X5 Retail Group, Metro Cash & Carry, Dixy Group, Auchan, Smart Velho, CJSC Frito Lay Production, Farm Frites Belaya Dacha LLC , izinkampani zokukhiqiza imifino eqandisiwe ngaphansi kwemikhiqizo ethi "4 Season", "Paints of Summer", njll. Kuthuthukiswe futhi kwabhaliswa amagama abo: "Kornev", "Tambov Potato" no "BorshchOv".
Ngo-2014, abaphathi benkampani banquma ukwethula uhlelo lokulawulwa kwekhwalithi ngokuya nge-ISO 9001: 2008. Umphumela walo msebenzi kwaba ukwamukelwa kwesitifiketi samazwe aphesheya esiphathweni sokugunyazwa kwezitifiketi saseJalimane i-TueV NORD, esinikeza ukuzethemba kubalingani benkampani namakhasimende ngokubambisana okuzinzile nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yabo.
Ngo-2014, indawo yokulima amazambane eKornev Group LLC yafinyelela kumahektha ayi-2. Ukuvunwa okuphelele kufinyelela kumathani angama-524 65 ngesithelo esingu-952 c / ha.
I-LLC Agrofirm Zhupikov - indawo enkulu yezolimo esifundeni saseTambov, imisebenzi emikhulu eyokulima okusanhlamvu, okusanhlamvu, amazambane, ubisi nenyama ukukhiqizwa. Ukutshalwa kwamazambane asezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu kungenye yemisebenzi eyinhloko yenkampani yezolimo.
Ekwindla ka-2013, ipulazi lathuma isitoreji samazambane esinamathani ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12. Kufakwe uhlelo lokungenisa umoya omncane lwenkampani yamaDashi i-Agrovent kanye nomugqa wokuwasha nowokufaka wenkampani yase-Italy iSorma. Ngonyaka ofanayo, kwenziwa kuqala ukubekwa kwamazambane angama-ware anendawo engamahektare angama-180. Isivuno salesi sitshalo semifino ngonyaka we-2013 sasiyi-33-36 t / ha.
Ngo-2014, indawo yokutshala amazambane yanda yaya ku-360 ha. Kulawa, amahektha angama-200 ayengaphansi kokunisela. Isivuno esikhulu ngo-2014 saba ngamathani ayi-8. U-576% wawo wonke amazambane atshaliwe bekungama-chips, ama-50% asele bekungamazambane okudla. Phakathi kwento yokuhlwanyela kukhona nembewu elite evela eJalimane.
Amazambane asekhulile we-LLC "Agrofirm" Zhupikov "athengisa ezifundeni zaseTambov, Volgograd, Voronezh, Ryazan, eMoscow, eRostov.
Ngo-2015, kuhlelwe ukuthi kwandiswe indawo engaphansi kwamazambane ibe ngamahektare angama-500. Amasu lawo afaka hlangana nokunikela ngenkasa yoke indawo lapho kutjalwa khona.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, isitshalo esihlanganisiwe sokuzalela abalimi besilokhu sikhiqiza amazambane ngokuqina. “Zona. Lenin, I-LLC I-MFP «Niva» Isifunda saseTambov, I-LLC "Vesta" Isifunda se-Photosevsky, I-LLC State Ipulazi Sukhotinsky Isifunda saseZnamensky, i-LLC i-Victoria, isifunda saseMuchkap, njll.
Ngaphezu kwezinhlangano ezinkulu zezolimo ezibhaliwe, amazambane nawo atshalwa yimizi yabalimi (abalimi), efana: U-KFh "Electron", KFh "Amaseli Amhlophe", i-FE inhloko ye-KFH Borisov NN, FE Skvortsov, FE Mmagin, FE inhloko ye-KFH Yumashev AA, KFH Zelenov nabanye.
Imiphumela
Kuphephile ukusho ukuthi isifunda saseTambov sigcwalisa ngokuphelele izidingo zalo ezifuywayo zamazambane futhi sinamandla okuhlinzekela ukuvuna okuningana kwezinye izifunda zezwe ngamanani amakhulu.