Izama ukuthuthukisa izindlela ze-biocontrol ukuvikela imboni yamaklabishi esifundazweni sase-US eNew York, ebiza cishe izigidi ezingama- $ 60 ngonyaka, ososayensi bafinyelela esiphethweni esijabulisayo.
Lapho izibungu zeklabishi zikhukhula insimu, abalimi bezimifino banamuhla bavame ukuzama ukulawula izinambuzane ngokukhulula isibalo esikhulu sezitha zemvelo zemvelo, ezinjengama-ladybugs, ukugwema ukubulala izinambuzane okulimazayo futhi okungaba yingozi emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, ama-agrarians kwesinye isikhathi abona imiphumela exubile.
Ocwaningweni olusha olwenziwe ochwepheshe eCornell University embonini yamaklabishi esifundazweni saseMelika eNew York, ososayensi bakwazile ukuthola ukuthi ukuphumelela kokusebenzisa izitha zemvelo ukulawula izinambuzane kuncike kumhlaba ozungeze insimu.
"Umongo womhlaba unganikeza imininingwane yokuthi ungalisebenzisa kanjani leli qhinga emkhakheni," kusho uRicardo Perez-Alvarez, umbhali obambisene naye we "Ukusebenza kokwenza ngcono ukulawulwa kwezinto eziphilayo kuncike kwisimo sendawo," esishicilelwe kuScientific Reports.
Umsebenzi wesayensi ukhombisile ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwama-entomophages kuholela ekunciphiseni kwesibalo sezilokazane, ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo ezingcono kanye nokwanda kwesibalo sezitshalo emapulazini azungezwe amahlathi amaningi nezindawo zemvelo kanye nomhlaba wokulima omncane.
Kepha emapulazini, amaningi azungezwe amanye amapulazi, bekunesithombe esibuyayo: naphezu kokukhishwa kwama-entomophages, inani lezinambuzane alizange lehle.
Izimbangela zale nto ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi zincike ekuhlanganiseni kwezinto ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuxhumana phakathi kwama-entomophage alezi nalezo ezingeziwe.
"Izici zomhlaba zithinta nokuthi izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezidla ezinye zihlangana kanjani," kubhala uPerez-Alvarez.
Umsebenzi wesayensi ubugxile ekutshaleni iklabishi, izinambuzane zesiko (iklabishi elimhlophe kanye nenundu leklabishi) kanye nama-entomophages.
Maphakathi neNew York, lezi zinambuzane zeklabishi zizingelwa yizinhlobo zomdabu eziyi-156 zezinambuzane ezidla ezinye, kufaka phakathi iminyovu eyisisekelo we-parasitoid.
Phakathi kwama-entomophages, kukhona "amasosha asemhlabeni wonke" adumile e-biocontrol: isinambuzane esidliwayo esivela emndenini kaPodisus maculiventris wezimbungulu kanye ne-ladybug. Imvamisa zihambisana kahle, ngoba izimbungulu zidla izibungu, futhi ama-ladybugs adla amaqanda ama-butterflies namabhele.
Ekuqhubekeni kwalolu cwaningo, ososayensi bamisa iziza zokuhlola emapulazini angama-11 eklabishi enkabeni yombuso, amelela izindawo eziningi ezizungezile ukusuka emhlabeni wezolimo kuya ezindaweni zemvelo.
Epulazini ngalinye, kwabiwa iziza ezimbili zeklabishi: elilodwa emkhakheni linenombolo yemvelo yama-entomophages, kanti elesibili ngokufakwa kwenamba yezinambuzane nezinyamazane ezihlaselayo.
Ngemuva kwalokho ososayensi baqoqa imininingwane eminingi ngenani lezinambuzane nezinyamazane, ukulimala kwezitshalo, kanye nesithelo esiphelele. Baphinde benza nokuhlolwa kwelebhu ukuze baqonde kangcono ubudlelwano phakathi kwezilwane ezidla ezinye nokuthi lokhu kuhlangana kuthinta kanjani ukulawula kwezinambuzane.
Ngokwemiphumela yalokhu kuhlolwa, ososayensi bafika esiphethweni sokuthi imiphumela ye-biocontrol iyahlukahluka esimweni ngasinye futhi incike kakhulu ekuxhumaneni phakathi kwezilwane zasekhaya nalezo ezingezelelwa emvelweni.
Kungacatshangwa ukuthi inani lokudla olutholakala emapulazini elizungezwe izindawo zemvelo, njengamahlathi, libalulekile ekunikezeni izinyamazane zemvelo eminye imithombo yokudla. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindawo zezolimo, ezinjengamapulazi, zingakhuphula ukusebenzisana okuphathelene nabaphikisi bemvelo, ngoba kufanele bancintisane ngokudla.
Ekugcineni, ukuqonda okujule kakhulu kokusebenzisana phakathi kwezinambuzane nezitha zazo zemvelo, okubuswa indawo uqobo lwayo, kuzonikeza abasebenza ngokulawulwa kwezinambuzane ulwazi oludingeka kakhulu mayelana nokuthi ukwanda kwemvelo kwezinombolo zezitha kungasetshenziswa kahle kangakanani, abacwaningi babhala. ..
Funda ngokugcwele: https://www.agroxxi.ru/