I-Peruvian nightshade ehlanganiswa ne-pesticide ikhombise imiphumela emihle, kepha ezinye izindlela ezizama ukuphepha imvelo.
Ngo-Agasti 2015, kwatholakala icala lokuqala lembatata “eluhlaza” engxenyeni esenyakatho-mpumalanga yeHokkaido, Abashiri I-Pale Globodera (G. pallida).
Lesi sifunda eJapan sithi umthamo omkhulu wamazambane ukhule lapha, kubandakanya nokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe. Ngaphezu kwe-nematode “ebomvu” yamazambane, i-nematode yegolide yamazambane iveziwe lapha. I-Globodera rostochiensis (G. rostochiensis).
Kusukela ngoSepthemba 2015, sekuqaliswe futhi kwaqaliswa ukusebenza kwamasampula wokuhlola inhlabathi nezinsizakalo ze-tuber.
Ngenxa yalokhu kuhlola, i-G. pallida yaqinisekiswa emasimini ayi-163 kumahektha angama-681 (ngaphezu kwe-10% yamasimu ahlolwe). Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi sekudlule iminyaka eyi-10 selokhu i-nematode G. pallida yaqala ukuthelela izinkambu.
NgoSepthemba 2016, kwahlolwa okwesibili ngokwesisekelo somthetho wokuvikelwa kwezitshalo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubhujiswa ngokuphelele kwalesi sinambuzane. Noma yikuphi ukutshala amazambane endaweni ethintekile nokuhamba kwama-tubers kwenqatshelwe.
Ngoba alukho uhlobo lwamazambane alwa nalo G. pallida ayilethelwanga eJapan, ukusetshenziswa kwe-1,3-dichloropropene kanye nezilimo zezitshalo ezimboze izitshalo (izinhlobo zasendle zamatamatisi, i-Peruvian nightshade Ethylene-amnandi L.) wakhethwa njengesisombululo sokubhujiswa kwesilokazane.
Ngo-2018, kwafakwa i-1,3-dichloropropene emasimini angama-68 kumahektha angama-284, kwathi kutshalwa izitshalo ezingamboziwe emasimini angama-79 kumahektha angama-265. Emasimini angama-28 (amahektha ayi-131), isu lokulawula amazambane liqukethe "ukusetshenziswa okuphindwe kabili kwe-1,3-dichloropropene nokutshala isivuno esisodwa" noma "ukusetshenziswa okukodwa kwe-1,3-dichloropropene kanye nokutshala kokutshala izilimo ezimbili ngokulandelana".
I-1,3-dichloropropene ayivunyelwe eYurophu nakwamanye amazwe.
Yize i-1,3-dichloropropene ivunyelwe eJapan, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kunezinkinga zayo, kubandakanya indlela yokulahla ephephile.
I-Abashiri yindawo yokudoba ama-salmon. Amanye amasimu amazambane lapho uG. Pallida akhonjwe khona atholakala eduze komfula obalulekile wezinhlanzi. Unalokhu engqondweni, okwamanje kubhekwa amasu amasha wokulawulwa kwe-nematode. Isibonelo, ama-nematicide ayimbudumbudu asetshenziswa emasimini angenwe ngamamitha ayi-500 ukusuka emfuleni, esikhundleni secebo lokusebenzisa i-1,3-dichloropropene ngokuhlanganiswa nezitshalo zokumboza umhlaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwethulwa izinguquko ezifanele zezitshalo nokutshalwa kwezinhlobo zamazambane ezingazweli.
(Umthombo: potatonewstoday.com. Kuthunyelwe nguMariko Kihira).
Funda ngokugcwele: https://www.agroxxi.ru/gazeta-zaschita-rastenii/novosti/kak-v-japonii-boryutsja-s-globedorozom-kartofelja.html