Izazi zesayensi yezinto eziphilayo eNyuvesi Kazwelonke yaseSingapore ziye zathola ukuthi izitshalo zikuvimbela kanjani ukwakheka kwezimbotshana ze-stomata nezincane ezincane endaweni yazo ukuze zinciphise ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi phakathi nesomiso. Ingosi ye-Pys.org.
I-Stomata, ekhona ebusweni bamaqabunga, ibalulekile ekushintsheni kwegesi phakathi kwezitshalo nomoya. Kodwa-ke, nazo ziyimithombo eyinhloko yokulahlekelwa kwamanzi lapho eshiya amaqabunga njengomhwamuko wamanzi. Lapho amanzi eshoda, izitshalo zenza ukusabela kwesisu okubili ukuze zonge amanzi: zivala izimbotshana ze-stomata ezikhona futhi zinciphise ukwakheka kwezintsha.
Lezi zimpendulo, eziqondiswa yi-abscisic acid (ABA), zibalulekile ekubhekaneni nezitshalo nesomiso futhi zibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kwezolimo esimweni sezulu esishintshayo. Kodwa-ke, akuzange kufundwe ngaphambili ukuthi i-ABA ivimbela kanjani ukukhiqizwa kwesisu.
Ekukhululweni kwakamuva Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezesayensi Ithimba labacwaningi eliholwa nguSolwazi Ohlangene we-LAU u-On Sun ovela eMnyangweni Wesayensi Yezinto Eziphilayo eNyuvesi Kazwelonke yaseSingapore libike ngendlela ewumsuka walokhu kucindezelwa kwesomiso kokuthuthukiswa kwesisu.
Ososayensi bathole ukuthi i-ABA enkulu evulwe isomiso i-signing kinases ngokuqondile i-phosphorylate isilawuli esiyinhloko se-stomatal SPEECHLESS (SPCH). I-Phosphorylation ibhekisela ekwengezweni kweqembu le-phosphate ku-molecule. Le phosphorylation eyenziwe nge-ABA yephrotheni ye-SPCH yenzeka ezindaweni ezimbili ezihlukene futhi idala ukucekelwa phansi kwe-SPCH.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-SPCH ikhuthaza ukukhula kwesisu, i-SPCH phosphorylation iholela ekwehleni kwamazinga e-SPCH nenombolo ye-stomata, futhi ukuqedwa kwalawa masayithi (isampula S240/271A) kuphumele ekuphenduleni okuphambene. Okubalulekile, abacwaningi baphinde babonisa ukuthi izitshalo ezinezindawo ze-SPCH phosphorylation ezishintshiwe zibonisa ukubekezelelana kwesomiso.
Le miphumela ibonisa ukuthi "ikhodi" ethile ingaphansi kwempendulo ebalulekile yezitshalo ukonga amanzi. Ngokuyikhohlisa, singakwazi ukulungisa ukubekezelela isomiso kwezitshalo zezitshalo futhi sisize ukuzikhulisela izimo ezihlukahlukene zokukhula, kusukela ekulimeni kwendabuko kuya emadolobheni.