Izitshalo zingashintsha isiqondiso sezimpande futhi zikhule kude nezindawo ezinosawoti. Abacwaningi eNyuvesi yaseCopenhagen basize ukuthola ukuthi yini eyenza lokhu kwenzeke. Ukutholwa kushintsha ukuqonda kwethu ukuthi izitshalo zishintsha kanjani ukuma kwazo nendlela yokukhula futhi kungasiza ekwehliseni inkinga yomhlaba wonke ekhulayo enosawoti omningi enhlabathini emapulazini. Ingosi ye-Phys.org.
Ngeshwa, usawoti emhlabeni wokulima uyinkinga ekhulayo yomhlaba wonke, ngenxa yengxenye yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu, okwandisa ukugcwala kukasawoti enhlabathini noma nini lapho izikhukhula zihlasela izindawo ezisogwini. Njengomthetho, lokhu kunciphisa isivuno sezitshalo.
Ososayensi bathole ukuthi yini ngempela eyenzekayo ngaphakathi kwezitshalo ezingeni lamangqamuzana namangqamuzana lapho izimpande zazo zikhula zisuka kusawoti. Imiphumela yashicilelwa kujenali yesayensi Developmental Cell.
Ithimba labacwaningi lithole ukuthi lapho isitshalo sizwa ukugcwala kukasawoti endaweni, sisebenzisa ihomoni yokucindezeleka i-ABA (abscisic acid). Le hormone bese ivula indlela yokusabela.
Le hormone ibangela ukuba amashubhu amancane amaprotheni kuseli, abizwa ngokuthi i-cytoskeleton, ahlele kabusha. Ukuhlelwa kabusha bese kubangela ukuthi imicu ye-cellulose ezungeze amangqamuzana ezimpande iphinde ihlelwe ngendlela efanayo, okubangela impande ukuba isonteke ngendlela yokuthi ikhule kude nosawoti.
Indima ehamba phambili edlalwa i-hormone yokucindezeleka yenza ukutholakala kungalindelekile kubacwaningi. Kuze kube manje, bekukholelwa ukuthi i-hormone i-auxin ilawula ikhono lesitshalo lokushintsha isiqondiso ekuphenduleni izisusa ezihlukahlukene zemvelo (ezaziwa ngokuthi ama-tropisms).
Ukuthi i-hormone yokucindezeleka i-ABA ibalulekile ekhonweni lezitshalo lokuhlela kabusha izindonga zabo zamangqamuzana futhi lishintshe ukuma kanye nesiqondiso sokukhula lisha ngokuphelele. Lokhu kungase kuvule izindlela ezintsha ocwaningweni lwezitshalo, lapho ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe kuzokhokhwa endimeni ebalulekile i-hormone ibonakala idlala emandleni ezitshalo ukubhekana nezimo ezihlukahlukene ngokushintsha ukunyakaza.
Kuzothatha isikhathi ngaphambi kokuthi kusetshenziswe ulwazi olusha kwezolimo - hhayi okungenani ngoba ama-GMO ahlala evinjelwe e-EU. Nokho, imiphumela ingase ivule indlela yezinhlobo zezitshalo ezikwazi ukumelana nosawoti.