NgoJulayi, ithuba lokwehlula amazambane anezifo ezahlukahlukene liyanda. Okokuqala, ukulimala sekwephuzile kanye ne-alternariosis, okungathinta kabi ukwakheka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa ezintsha.
Sicela ukucaciselwa esikhungweni seSayensi neNgcono sePotato kanye neHorticulture ye-NAS yaseBelarus. Hlanganisa uSolwazi, uMvikeli Wezesayensi Yezolimo, iNhloko yoMnyango Wezokuvikelwa kanye Nezokuvikelwa Kwamazambane, u-Ivan Busko, ucacisa ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo ziye zahlupheka ngempela ngenxa yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kepha iningi lazo lithinteka yisibazi. Iqiniso ngukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza izimbali, lapho ama-tubers amasha akha, isiko lidinga umswakama, futhi njengoba kwaba nesomiso ngoJuni, izimo ezithandekayo zenzelwe ukusakazeka kokutheleleka. Isikhumba asigcinanga nje kuphela esikhunjeni, njengoba kwenzeka kakhulu, kodwa futhi nenyama, futhi lokhu, kuvimbela ukukhula kwesiko.
Ngokuvamile, ukubukeka kwesibazi esifanayo engadini kuncike ezicini eziningana, ngokuyinhloko kukhwalithi yenhlabathi. Njengomthetho, uthanda i-sandy elula ne-sandy loamy, kanye ne-calcareous enamandla, njengoba isikhunta sinomthelela ekusakazeni isikhunta. Okwesibili, umanyolo. Isibonelo, uma usebenzisa umanyolo ongavuthiwe, kuzokwandisa kuphela ukukhula kwesifo. Okwesithathu, isimo sezulu. Uma kunokushisa okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, akukho umswakama owanele, khona-ke kuzoba nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezintsha ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sesomiso, amazambane adinga ukuniselwa ukunciphisa ingozi yokulahleka kwezilimo ezizayo.
Uma sikhuluma ngokulimala sekwephuzile, khona-ke ukusatshalaliswa kwayo ngaleso sikhathi cishe kunezimo ezinhle kakhulu: izinga lokushisa lomoya, elingeqi ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-20, umswakama omningi. Kepha i-alternaria, kudingeka isimo sezulu esihluke ngokuphelele: ukushisa ngama-degree angama-30, isomiso, ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen ne-potassium enhlabathini, kanye ne-phosphorus eyeqile. Kuliqiniso, ngokusho kuka-Ivan Busko, amazambane ngesikhathi sezimbali adinga ukuvikelwa njalo, futhi ngaphandle kwezici zangaphandle:
- Noma ngabe inhlabathi ifanele futhi umanyolo ukhethwe ngendlela efanele, futhi isimo sezulu sivumelana, ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali kusadingeka, ngaphandle kwalokho kungenzeka ukuthi kube nokulahleka okuphezulu kwezitshalo. Isibonelo, i-Blight, cishe ayinakwenzeka ukwelapha, kepha lesi yisifo kangangokuba, uma sesishaye i-ovary eyodwa, singasakazeka kalula kuyo yonke insimu uma izindlela zokuvimbela zingathathwanga kusengaphambili.
Ngokusho kochwepheshe, izinga lokuvikelwa kwamazambane kusuka ekulimazeni sekwedlule isikhathi linqunywa yinani lezindlela zokwelapha. Lapho kunezimo ezinhle zokuthuthuka kokutheleleka, udinga ukwenza lokhu okungenani amahlandla ayisihlanu kuya kwayisithupha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqala ukufafaza ngendlela yesikhathi, ngaphandle kwalokho ukusebenza kwemishanguzo kuzokwehla ngamaphesenti angama-50-70. Ngakho-ke, ukuvuna kwamazambane esikhathini esizayo kuncike ekunakekeleni nasekuthatheni isinyathelo ngokushesha sabalimi bethu.
Umthombo: Selskaya Gazeta
Funda ngokugcwele: https://agronews.com/by/ru/news/agrosfera/2019-07-18/38089