Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubangela izinselele ezinkulu kubalimi. Irobhothi lensimu ehlakaniphile kanye nobuchwepheshe be-X-ray bubasiza ukuba bakhethe amasampula ezitshalo angangeni ekushiseni ukuze akhethwe. Izinzwa emshinini wobuchwepheshe obuphezulu zakhiwe yi-Fraunhofer Centre for the Development of X-ray Technology, uphiko lwe-IIS Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits. Ingosi ye-Phys.org.
Ihlobo liya lishisa. Kuleli hlobo lodwa, iJalimane ihlangabezane nokushisa okukhulu, amazinga okushisa afinyelela ku-40°C. Isomiso sathinta nezitshalo.
Ngokunikezwa kwamanzi anele, izitshalo zingapholiswa ngokuhwamuka. Nokho, abakwazi ukukwenza lokhu lapho becindezelwe isomiso. Kungakho abalimi benethemba lokwakha izitshalo ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa, ezikwazi ukumelana nesomiso ezingaphila emanzini amancane futhi zisakhiqize izitshalo ezinhle kuyilapho zidinge isilinganiso esincane kakhulu esingatholakala sikamanyolo nezibulala-zinambuzane.
Abazalanisi bathola ukwesekwa kubacwaningi bakwa-Fraunhofer EZRT, lapho ucwaningo selwenziwa iminyaka eminingi ngobuchwepheshe bokunquma izinhlobo zezitshalo. Lokhu kubhekisela ekubukekeni kwazo, okuhlanganisa izici eziningi ezifana nobukhulu bamaqabunga, ukuma kweqabunga, ukujiya kwezimpande, kanye nesivuno. “Sekuyizinkulungwane zeminyaka abantu bekhetha izitshalo ngokusekelwe ezicini zangaphandle,” kuchaza uDkt. Stefan Gert, inhloko yomnyango we-AMS eFraunhofer Center for the Development of X-ray Technology. "Sithuthukisa ubuchwepheshe ukuze silinganisele lezi zici ze-phenotypic futhi sikhulise ukuzalanisa ngokusekelwe kule datha."
Ithimba labacwaningi eliholwa nguDkt. Gert lenze i-DeBiFix, irobhothi lensimu yezolimo. Iyakwazi ukuthatha ngokuqhubekayo ama-x-ray ezitshalo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhiqiza izithombe ze-3D isebenzisa isistimu yokubona. Lolu ulwazi olubalulekile kumfuyi - kumvumela ukuthi, empeleni, abheke ngaphakathi kwezikhwebu zikakolweni noma ngaphansi kwesihlahla samazambane futhi anqume ukuthi izinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo zikhiqiza isivuno esihle.
Umgomo obaluleke kakhulu we-interregional Fraunhofer smart farming project ukweseka abalimi. Ngaphakathi kohlaka lwayo, iFraunhofer Plant Phenotyping Technology Centre ivula e-Triesdorf, eBavaria. Kuleli qophelo, uDkt. Gert nozakwabo bahlose ukuthuthukisa isipiliyoni futhi bakusebenzise empilweni yangempela.
Egunjini laselabhorethri le-phenotyping yezitshalo ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwa yisimo sezulu e-Fraunhofer EZRT e-Fürth, uDkt. Gert ubonisa ukuthi abalimi bazosebenza kanjani esikhathini esizayo. Ebhandeni elincane lokuthutha phambi kweyunithi ye-X-ray, izimbiza ezinezitshalo ezihlukahlukene ezitshalwayo zihlelwe ngemigqa ehlanzekile. Kuvuleka umnyango womshini weX-ray kungene ibhodwe. Lapho nje umnyango uvala, ibhodwe lihlolwa i-CT scan.
“Eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi edlule, saqala i-X-raying yamazambane ukuze sithole ulwazi ngokukhula kwe-tuber,” kubika uDkt. Gert. "Ngokusekelwe kuma-x-ray e-3D, singakwazi ukunquma isisindo sama-tubers ngaphandle kokuwamba." Le nqubo isetshenziselwa imisebenzi efana nokukhetha izinhlobo ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa. Ngale njongo, izitshalo zifakwa elabhorethri ngaphansi kwezimo zokucindezeleka kokushisa. Iskena sibe sesiveza ukuthi yiziphi izitshalo eziphumelela kakhulu ekubhekaneni nokucindezeleka, ezikhiqiza izigaxa ezinamandla naphezu kokushisa.
Nakuba ama-CT scans okuqala angabonisa kuphela ezimpandeni eziwugqinsi nezigaxa, amasistimu amasha angaphinda athwebule ukwakheka okuhle okungaphansi komhlaba kwezimpande zikakolweni. “Umshini wethu omusha we-X-ray uwuhlelo oluthuthuke kakhulu nolunamandla lokuskena izingxenye zezitshalo ngaphansi komhlaba,” kusho uDkt. Gert.
Abacwaningi bakwaFraunhofer EZRT nabo benza izithombe zedijithali ze-3D zezingxenye zezitshalo ezingaphezulu komhlaba, njengamaqabunga nezikhwebu zikakolweni. Le datha ingasetshenziswa hhayi kuphela ukucacisa indawo yamaqabunga - izithombe ze-3D futhi zinikeza ulwazi mayelana nokubekezelela ukushisa kwesitshalo. Ingabe lesi sitshalo siyawaphakamisa amaqabunga ukuze sizivikele elangeni? Ingabe amaqabunga ayagoqa ngenxa yengcindezi?
Ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokuqaphela isitshalo se-Fraunhofer EZRT kwaboniswa ngokucacile emkhakheni wokuhlola wenkampani yembewu i-Strube D&S GmbH. Kulesi simo, i-prototype yesibili ye-BlueBob yasetshenziswa, irobhothi lensimu elihamba ngokuzimela futhi lisusa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukhula emasimini e-sugar beet. Ehamba phakathi kwemigqa, uqopha izithombe zazo zonke izitshalo eziphilayo esebenzisa amakhamera anamakhamera amaningi.
"Ngokusebenzisa ukuhlakanipha okungekhona okwangempela i-phenotype yesitshalo ngasinye iyahlaziywa futhi ihlukaniswe njengesitshalo sokhula noma isithombo sebhitrudi,” kuchaza uChristian Hügel, inhloko yeTechnical Center for Seed Research in Strub.
Enye yezindawo eziyinhloko zomsebenzi esikhungweni esisha e-Triesdorf kuzoba ukucutshungulwa kwedatha etholwe ngesikhathi se-phenotyping. “Inhloso yethu enkulu wukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bethu ukweseka abancane nabaphakathi abalimi bezitshalo“, kugcizelela uDkt Gert.