Kungasiphi isikhathi lapho kungcono ukuthenga amazambane wembewu wokutshala ngenkathi entsha?
Vele, ibhizinisi ngalinye linquma imigomo efanele ngendlela yayo, ngokuya ngemisebenzi namandla ayo. Kepha, njengomthetho, bahlala bethenga abathenga lo mzuzu kuze kube uMashi ngisho no-Ephreli, futhi baningi babo: izingcingo zezinkampani zezimbewu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo zishisa ngokubomvu.
IDAYISISA AMAZAMBUZI EMBEWU?
Kulo nyaka, isidingo semikhiqizo yabo siye sabonwa ngabakhiqizi abaningi bezimbewu nabathengisi abaziwayo kusukela ehlobo. Ezinye izinkampani zikwazile ukuthola abathengi abazikhulile cishe ngaphambi kokuqala kokuvunwa. Yini isizathu salokhu futhi kufanele silindele ukushoda emakethe?
IMBEWU EQhamuka EUROPE
Ake siqale ngengxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesihloko: ukunikezwa kwembewu evela eYurophu. Lonyaka, amacebo wokuthenga kwawo amabhizinisi amaningi aseRussia alungiswa kakhulu ngesomiso esinzima esathinta cishe wonke amazwe abandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni imbewu yamazambane, kubandakanya nabaphakeli bembewu ababalulekile eRussia: iNetherlands, iFinland kanye neJalimane (izifunda ezithile). Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene, abatshali bezimbewu balawa mazwe bathola ngaphansi kwesilinganiso sama-20-30% emanani akhiqizwayo akhiqizwayo.
Mayelana nalokhu, abakhiqizi baphoqeleka ukuthi balinciphise ngokungathi sína inani lenqwaba yenzalo emiselwe amazwe - abathengi. Kunzima ukucacisa ukuthi iziphi izibalo ezithile lokhu kwehliswa okuzoholela eRussia (ekupheleni kuka-Okthoba 2018). Khumbula: ekuqaleni kwehlobo lika-2018, cishe amathani ayi-14 nohhafu wamazambane embewu angeniswa eRussia, lawo angaphezulu kwamathani ayi-12 ayevela emazweni e-EU. Namuhla, ezinye izinkampani ezihlinzeka ngemali zilindele ukuthi inani lokuhlinzekwa lincishiswe ngezingxenye ezintathu.
Ngokunjalo, izinkampani eziningi sezivele zimemezele ukwanda kwamanani entengo yamazambane embewu yokukhiqizwa kwamanye amazwe. Abanye - mayelana nokubaluleke kakhulu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abakhiqizi bafaka ezindlekweni ezintsha zemikhiqizo yase-Europe hhayi kuphela isinxephezelo sokulahleka okuvela kumikhiqizo elahlekile, kepha futhi, ngokwesibonelo, izindleko zamafutha kanye nezinto zokuthambisa, ezikhuphuke kakhulu kulo nyaka.
Ngasikhathi sinye, cishe bonke abathengisi bamazambane aseYurophu (phakathi kwalabo abahlolwa ngumagazini) baphawula ukuthi ekuqaleni kwekwindla babenesicelo esivela emabhizinisini ezolimo aseRussia okuthengwa kwempahla yembewu ngesilinganiso esedlula umthamo wezinto ezingabakhona. Ngamanye amagama, akuwona wonke umuntu ozokwazi ukuthenga amazambane angenisa ezinhlobo ezithile kulo nyaka.
Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlangano zezolimo zaseRussia zasho ukuthi zinqume ukwenqaba ukuthenga izinto zembewu zesizini ka-2018 zivela kwamanye amazwe, zesaba ukuthi imbewu ekhule ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezinzima ingaba nezinkinga zekhwalithi.
IZIMBANE ZEMBEWU ZOMKHIQIZO WERUSIA
Kepha inqwaba yezinto ezibonakalayo zezimbewu (ezingamathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-900) atshalwe minyaka yonke ezweni) namanje amazambane atshalwa eRussia. Yini engashiwo ngaye?
Kulo nyaka, amapulazi embewu ezifundeni eziningi zezwe nawo abhekane nobunzima besimo sezulu. Intwasahlobo ebandayo ende yaba nomthelela ekusakazekeni okusebenzayo kwesifo iRhizoctonia. Ihlobo elishisayo nelomile liholele ekwehleni kwe-tuberization; ukushoda kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kwaphawulwa emapulazini ezindawo eziyinhloko zokutshala imbewu, eNyakatho-Ntshonalanga kanye naseRussia Ephakathi. Ekwindla elomile ngokulinganayo linikeze abalimi isivivinyo mayelana nekhono labo lokuvuna enhlabathini elukhuni. Akuwona wonke umuntu ofanelwe izilinganiso ezinhle: emapulazini amaningi, umthamo omkhulu wamazambane uthole ukulimala kwemishini, okusho ukuthi izinkinga zesitoreji zingabikezelwa.
Vele, namuhla, lapho ukuvuna sekusanda kuqedwa, kungakabi yisikhathi ukwahlulela ikhwalithi nenani lamazambane embewu emakethe. Isimo sizoba sobala kancane ngoDisemba, lapho abakhiqizi abanomthwalo wemfanelo bethola imiphumela yezifundo zama-tubers ngenxa yokuba khona kwezifo; kuzovela isithombe esiphelele entwasahlobo, ngokusho kwemiphumela yokugcina, futhi isinqumo sokugcina singafinyelelwa kuphela ekupheleni kwesizini ezayo. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinto ezingenhla zibonisa ukuthi inani lezinto ezisezingeni eliphakeme lembewu emakethe lingase libe ngaphansi kokujwayelekile, futhi amanani ayo aphakeme.
Ngasikhathi sinye, abakhiqizi bamazambane embewu yasekhaya ngokwabo abakholelwa ukuthi isimo emakethe kulo nyaka sihluke ngokuphelele ezinkathini ezedlule futhi sidinga uhlelo olukhethekile lwezenzo. “Alikho isasasa,” kusho u-Anastasia Borovkova, inhloko yomnyango wamazambane e-German Seed Alliance Russ. “Sisebenza ngendlela ejwayelekile yasekwindla. Njengenjwayelo, amapulazi asuka ezifundeni eziseningizimu asevele asayina izinkontileka futhi akhokhela ama-oda. Amabhizinisi aseCentral Russia asahlola imiphumela yokuvuna, ukuthola ukuthi azodinga imbewu engakanani ngonyaka ozayo. "
Yize kungekho ophika ukuthi amazambane ezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu nekhwalithi enhle kakhulu athengiswa kwasekuqaleni.
"Amazambane ezinhlobonhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ahlala ehlungwa ngaphambi konyaka omusha," kuqinisekisa u-Anastasia Borovkova, "kulo nyaka, ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, sesithengise ngokuphelele imiqulu yezinhlobonhlobo zaseRussia Red Lady".
"Noma ngubani ofuna ukuthola imbewu enhle kufanele ayinakekele kusengaphambili," kusho u-Oleg Martyshin, iphini lomqondisi weSlava Potato, "sisayine izinkontileka zokuqala zokuhlinzekwa kwembewu kulo nyaka ngo-Agasti".
Futhi ngokusho kukaVladimir Molyanov, uMqondisi Jikelele weMolyanov Agro Group LLC, ukuthenga manje izinto zembewu zesizini ka-2019 kusho ukusebenza sekwedlule isikhathi, ngalesi sikhathi kufanele ucabange ngentwasahlobo yango-2020: “Abakhiqizi ababambe iqhaza ekulimeni amazambane bazi kusengaphambili ukuthi bazotshala kuziphi izambane ngonyaka, yiziphi izinhlobo abazodinga zona. Bashiya isicelo enkampanini yezimbewu, bahlole ukuhlwanyela ehlobo, nasekwindla, uma konke kuvumelana nabo, bathenga izinkatho ezidingekayo. Lona unyaka wesithathu kulandelana lapho besirekhoda khona le ndlela yokwenza ibhizinisi. "
IKHOMISHANE KAHULUMENDE: ISINGENISO SEZINSIZAKALO EZIKHOKHELWE
Le ndaba ayihlobene ngqo nesihloko sendatshana futhi, mhlawumbe, kuze kube manje, ikhulunywa kakhulu nezinhlangano ezenza umsebenzi wokufuya noma ukugqugquzela impumelelo ezaliswayo abafuyi. Noma kunjalo, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, kungaba nomthelela omkhulu emakethe yembewu yaseRussia. Sikhuluma nge-Order yoMnyango Wezokulima WaseRussia yangomhlaka-31.08.2018 Agasti, 143 No. XNUMX "Emukelweni wokuhlinzekwa kokukhokhwa kwezinsiza ezihlobene nemisebenzi yayo esemqoka yisikhungo sesabelomali sikahulumeni wezimali" Ikhomishini Yezwe Yenhlangano Yezwe YaseRussia Yezokuhlola Nokuvikelwa Kwempumelelo Zokuzalela ".
Isinqumo sokwethula imali yezinsizakalo zeKhomishani Yezwe ”sabangela ingxoxo evuthayo emphakathini ochwepheshe. Ngasikhathi sinye, cishe akekho owenqabayo isidingo salesi silinganiso; abaningi bayabona ukuthi namuhla Irejista Yombuso Yokuzala Okufinyelelwe Okuvunyelwe Ukusetshenziswa ifaka inani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo, futhi hhayi zonke ezifunwa abathengi. Ukwethulwa kwale mali kuzonciphisa inani labantu abafuna ukufaka izicelo zokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene futhi kunciphise inani elikhulu lomsebenzi eliwela kubasebenzi beKhomishani Yezwe Yonyaka. Yize okwamanje sikhuluma ngamanani angenakukhawula kuphela, kepha sinqume ingxenye ebalulekile yababambiqhaza bemakethe.
Ngokusho kukaVladimir Molyanov, ukuvivinya uhlobo olulodwa lwamazambane ezifundeni ezintathu kuzobiza inkampani yakhe cishe ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-800. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi izifundo zezakhiwo zezinhlobonhlobo zenziwa ngaphezulu kweminyaka eminingana. Akuyona yonke inhlangano ezalanayo enemali enjalo, ikakhulukazi uma kuyisikhungo sikahulumeni.
Kodwa inkinga enkulu akuyona ngisho nezindlela. Ochwepheshe bathi uhlelo olukhona lokuhlola okuhlukahlukene eRussia ludinga ushintsho olukhulu.
Abamele iNational Association of Corn kanye nabakhiqizi beMbewu ka-sunflower embhalweni ovulelekile oya kuNgqongqoshe Wezolimo waseRussian Dmitry Patrushev ngesicelo sokumisa i-Order No. 143 (le projekthi ishicilelwe kwiwebhusayithi ye-SRO NAPSKiP): ukuqaliswa kwayo, kanye nobuchwepheshe besimanje (bezimboni) bokutshala izitshalo, obulala ukungabaza ngemiphumela yombuso izivivinyo ze-ortho ”.
Imicabango efanayo ingavezwa ngabatshali bezambane. Namuhla, umthengi wembewu, ekhetha okuhlukahlukene, cishe akacabangi imiphumela yokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene, ngoba izimo zokukhulisa amazambane esigabeni ezahlukahlukene nasensimini yepulazi elithile zivame ukungafanani kangako.
Izinguquko ziyadingeka, futhi zisebenza ngekhwalithi yokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo, ngokombono wemiphakathi enobuchwepheshe ongene ezingxoxweni, kufanele zandulele ukwethulwa kwemali okuyizo. Umbuzo uthi ngabe umbono wabo uzozwakala yini ngenkathi usavulekile.
Ukuphawula okuthile kubuye kudalwe yinqubo yokwenza isinqumo ngokungeza okuhlukahlukene kwiRejista Yombuso. Abafuyi, isibonelo, bakhala ngokuthi kuqala kunikezwa izinhlobo ezithela kakhulu, kanti ezimweni zanamuhla umkhiqizi wezolimo angenza inzuzo enkulu hhayi ngobungako bomkhiqizo, kodwa ngezimfanelo zawo ezikhethekile: imakethe idinga amazambane anombala wesikhumba ongajwayelekile, isethulo esithandeka kakhulu, ukufaneleka ukugeza, isitoreji esikhulu sesikhathi eside ...