Ukuvinjelwa kwe-EU kokusetshenziswa kwe-chlorprofam njenge-ejenti elwa nokuhluma kumazambane kuqale ukusebenza kusukela ngonyaka odlule. Kulesi simo, ochwepheshe baseYurophu bathi isisombululo esinengqondo kakhulu ukugcina izinga lokushisa elilungile kanye nezimo zomswakama endaweni yokugcina.
I-tuber yamazambane yinto ephilayo lapho kwenzeka khona izinqubo ezithile ze-physiological and biochemical. Izimo ezingalungile zokugcina ziholela ekulahlekelweni okukhulu kwe-tuber mass. Cabanga ukuthi iyiphi indawo lapho izilimo eziyizigaxa zilele khona isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Amazambane kufanele ahlungwe ngokushesha ngemva kokuvunwa ukuze kukhishwe inhlabathi kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa ezinegciwane, okungaba umthombo wezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye nesikhunta.
Khona-ke, cishe amasonto angu-1-2 ngemva kokugcinwa, amazambane adlula enkathini yokulungiselela isimo sokungalali, lapho ukuphefumula okunamandla nokuhwamuka kusavela, okuholela ekulahlekeni kwesitashi, amanzi namavithamini. I-epidermis imbozwe ngokhokho, futhi umonakalo owenziwe ngesikhathi sokuvuna uyaphilisa. Ukuze le nqubo isebenze kahle, kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa lika-10-18 ° C kanye nomswakama ohlobene we-90-95%.
Esinye isigaba lapho izilimo eziyizigaxa zingena khona ngesikhathi sokugcinwa kuyisiqandisi, inhloso eyinhloko ukulungisa izilimo eziyizigaxa zokulala. Ukupholisa kuthatha cishe amasonto amathathu futhi kuhlanganisa ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomoya libe ngu-2-10 ° C (kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lwamazambane kanye nesiqondiso sokusetshenziswa kwalo) nokugcina umswakama womoya usezingeni elifana nesigaba sangaphambilini.
Kuphela ngemva kwenyanga ngemva kokuba nezilimo eziyizigaxa zibekwe endaweni yokugcina amazambane, zingena esigabeni sokulala okugcwele. Ezinhlobonhlobo zamatafula, izinga lokushisa elilungile lesitoreji ngu-4-6 ° C, amazambane embewu: 2-4 ° C, amazambane ebanga lokudla: 6-8 ° C, kanye nezilimo eziyizigaxa zokucubungula izimboni zigcinwa kahle ku-2- 4 ° C. Umswakama womoya onconyiwe 85-90%. I-Dormancy iwufuzo futhi iyahlukahluka ku-cultivar, kodwa izilimo eziyizigaxa zingagcinwa kuze kube yizinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ngaphansi kwezimo ezinconywayo zokugcinwa.
Ukugcina izimo ezifanele zokugcina kubalulekile ekugcineni ikhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe. Lapho umswakama womoya uphansi kunalowo onconywayo, izilimo eziyizigaxa ngokushesha zilahlekelwa umswakama, zibune, futhi lapho kunomswakama ophezulu, izinqubo zokubola ziqala.
Izinga lokushisa lomoya linomthelela omkhulu ezingeni lokuphefumula kwezilimo eziyizigaxa - uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, liphefumula kakhulu, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezilimo eziyizigaxa mass. Futhi, amazinga okushisa aphezulu afaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni izifo zesikhunta.
Izinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu alilungile neze, ngoba liholela ekuwohlokeni kokunambitheka kanye nokwanda kokuqukethwe kokunciphisa ushukela kuma-tubers.
Abalimi abaningi bamazambane baseYurophu bangase babe nezinkinga zokugcina kulo nyaka ngenxa yokushiywa kwamalungiselelo e-chlorprofam. Esikhundleni salokho, abakhiqizi bokuvikela izitshalo banikeza amanye ama-inhibitors emvelo afana ne-maleic hydrazide ngendlela kasawoti we-choline, uwoyela we-peppermint, uwoyela wewolintshi noma i-1,4-dimethylnaphthalene.
Amafutha awolintshi anesithakazelo esikhulu njengoba avimbela ukuhluma kuze kube amasonto amathathu (isikhathi eside kakhulu se-inhibitor yemvelo). Amazambane angathengiswa ngokushesha ngemva kokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, abanaso isikhathi sokulinda. Umthamo onconyiwe ngu-100 ml / 1000 kg wezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane. Umkhiqizi uncoma ukusebenzisa umuthi ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala. Izinqubo kufanele zenziwe ngezikhathi ezithile zezinsuku ezingama-21.
Esinye isidakamizwa esiphawulekayo yi-1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, i-hormone eyandisa i-dormancy yemvelo yezilimo eziyizigaxa. Umthamo omkhulu womuthi ungama-20 ml ngethani eli-1 lezilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane, futhi ungasetshenziswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokubeka izilimo eziyizigaxa endaweni yokugcina. Umenzi uncoma ukwenza izinqubo ngesikhawu okungenani sezinsuku ezingama-28 ngenani eliphakeme lokwelashwa - 6 phakathi nesikhathi sonke sokugcina. Ngokungafani nowoyela wewolintshi, le nto inesikhathi sokulinda esiyizinsuku ezingama-30. Kokubili ukwakheka kusetshenziswa namajeneretha e-aerosol ezindaweni zokugcina umoya.