Ngomhla lu-1 kuZibandlela, iRussia izokwethula izilinganiso zokuthunyelwa kukamanyolo wamaminerali okokuqala ngqa emlandweni. Bazothinta izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo - i-nitrogen neyinkimbinkimbi. Isabelo esimisiwe sicishe siqhathaniswe nenani lempahla phesheya, ngakho-ke izinkampani ngeke kudingeke ukuthi zehlise. Kodwa ngeke kwenzeke ukwenyusa ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe, okungase kujulise ukushoda kukamanyolo emhlabeni wonke futhi kukhuphule amanani.
Uhulumeni, egameni likaMongameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin, ubeke umkhawulo ekuthunyelweni kwezinhlobo ezimbili zikamanyolo izinyanga eziyisithupha, kusho uNdunankulu uMikhail Mishustin emhlanganweni. Ikakhulukazi, i-quota yamathani ayizigidi ezingu-5,9 wethulwa kumanyolo we-nitrogen, namathani ayizigidi ezingu-5,3 zomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi (NPK). Umnyango Wezimboni Nezohwebo kanye Nomnyango Wezolimo kumele basabalalise amavolumu phakathi kwabathumela kwamanye amazwe ngomhla zingama-25 kuNovemba. Izabelo ngokwazo zizoqala ukusebenza ngoDisemba 1. Isimo sizothinta cishe bonke abakhiqizi abakhulu baseRussia: i-Eurochem, ehlanganisa ingxenye yesine yenani eliphelele likamanyolo we-nitrogen kanye namaphesenti angaphezu kuka-15% ayinkimbinkimbi, i-Acron (18% nitrogen ne-14,5% complex), i-Uralchem ( 11%), "Phosagro" (9,5% nitrogen kanye 49% eziyinkimbinkimbi).
Njengoba undunankulu echaza, lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela ukuqondiswa kabusha kwamavolumu asuka emakethe yasekhaya aye kweyakwamanye amazwe ngenxa yokushoda okuvela lapho.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokushoda ukukhuphuka kwentengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa - igesi, yingakho inani labakhiqizi bomhlaba wonke baphoqeleka ukuthi banciphise ukukhiqizwa noma bavale ngokuphelele izimboni.
Ngaphambi kwalokhu, uMnyango Wezezimali uhlongoze ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinqubo zesimemezelo ezilula zokuthunyelwa kwe-nitrogen, i-phosphorus (DAP, MAP) kanye nomanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lezi zinyathelo ngeke zisebenze kule mikhiqizo lapho ithunyelwa ngaphandle ngaphansi kwamalayisensi okuthekelisa akhishwe uMnyango Wezimboni Nohwebo.
Izingxabano phakathi kwabalimi nezinkampani zamakhemikhali mayelana nenani kanye namanani entengo kamanyolo, obekwenzeka ngaphambi kwaso sonke isikhathi sokuhlwanyela eminyakeni yamuva nje, zishubile kulo nyaka ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamanani entengo yemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, izindleko zomanyolo we-nitrogen, okuwuhlobo oluyinhloko lokuhlwanyela kwentwasahlobo, ziye zalingana nentengo yomanyolo we-phosphorus (ngaphezu kwama-$ 800 ngethani ngalinye eYurophu), nakuba ngokwesiko cishe isigamu sentengo.
ERussia, ngokusho kukaRosstat, ngo-Agasti 2021, amanani entengo ye-ammonium nitrate akhuphuke kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka cishe ngama-30%, futhi ngonyaka - ngo-70%, uma kuqhathaniswa nenyanga edlule - ngo-2%, we-urea. - ngo-72%, 43% no-5% ngokulandelana.
Izinkampani zezolimo zithembele ekusebenzeni kwezinyathelo ezethulwayo zokukhawulela ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe futhi zizibheke njengesidingo.
Source: I-Agrovestnik