Ochwepheshe abavela endaweni yesikhulumi se-hh.ru bahlanganise uhlu lwemisebenzi efunwa kakhulu endaweni ye-agro-industrial complex esekelwe emiphumeleni ka-2022 nasekuqaleni kuka-2023.
Ekupheleni konyaka, ubungcweti abathathu abaphezulu ngokwenani lezikhala eRussia embonini yezolimo kanye nemboni yezolimo bahlanganisa abaphathi bezokuthengisa namakhasimende, izazi zezolimo namahlathi nabashayeli.
Uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021, kwenzeke izinguquko emakethe yezabasebenzi yezolimo e-Russian Federation. Umholi wanyakenye, emkhakheni wokushayela, unyukele endaweni yesithathu.
Umsebenzi womphathi wezokuthengisa usuphinde waba ngumholi wesidingo, waphinde wathola isikhundla sokuqala owawukuso ngo-2019 nango-2020. Umsebenzi we-agronomist ukhuphuke usuka endaweni yesi-4 ngo-2021 waya endaweni yesibili ngo-2022.
Umsebenzi we-accounting ubonakale uzinze kunawo wonke, yiwona wodwa ogcine indawo yesikhombisa njengangonyaka odlule. Onjiniyela, ochwepheshe, onjiniyela bezinsizakalo, kanye namaphasela babuyele kwabangu-2022 abafunwa kakhulu ngo-20 (abazange bafakwe ezingeni ekupheleni kuka-2021).
Sekukonke, unyaka wonke we-2022, abaqashi baseRussia bathumele cishe izikhala ezintsha eziyi-100 emkhakheni wezolimo. Lokhu kungamaphesenti angama-000 ngaphezu kwango-19. Ngokwemiphumela yangonyaka odlule, ingxenye enkulu yemisebenzi yabalwa ngamabhizinisi emkhakheni “wezoLimo, ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, ukufuya imfuyo” - laba baqashi bathumele ama-2021% ezikhala zomsebenzi ngonyaka odlule. Esikhundleni sesibili kube yizinkampani ezivela embonini “yemikhiqizo yezoLimo (ukukhangisa, uhwebo lwezitolo ezinkulu)” – ama-70%; imisebenzi esele inikezwe abaqashi abavela embonini “Yokudoba, ukufuya izinhlanzi”.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kwakusembonini yokudoba lapho ngo-2022, uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021, kwaba khona ukwanda okukhulu kwesidingo sabasebenzi abasha (+39% wemisebenzi emisha yonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021). Emkhakheni wezolimo, ukwanda kwezikhala ezintsha unyaka nonyaka ku-+22%, emkhakheni wokukhuthazwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo +14%.
Eziyisihlanu eziphezulu ezifunwa abasebenzi abasha phakathi kwezifunda zaseRussia zihlanganisa iMoscow (10% yemisebenzi ezweni), isifunda saseKrasnodar (7,6%), isifunda saseVoronezh (6,7%), iMoscow (5,7%) kanye nezifunda zaseRostov (5%).
Ngasikhathi sinye, phakathi kwezifunda ezihamba phambili ngesidingo esikhulu kakhulu sochwepheshe abasha embonini yezolimo ngo-2022, kukhona abaphethe amarekhodi okwanda kwezikhala ezintsha. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka odlule, uma kuqhathaniswa no-2021, inani lemisebenzi emisha embonini yezolimo yaseTambov (+97% yezikhala ezintsha unyaka nonyaka), iBelgorod (+57%), kanye nezifunda zaseLipetsk (+42% ) yanda kakhulu.
Ibanga lomholo lezikhala embonini yezolimo ekupheleni konyaka lisuka kuma-ruble angama-35 liye kuma-ruble angama-605. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yiqiniso, abaqashi banganikeza imali engenayo ephakeme, futhi hhayi njalo kumakhandidethi ezikhundleni eziphezulu.
Ngakho-ke, elinye lamaholo aphezulu kakhulu embonini yezolimo ngo-2022 lanikezwa iphini likamqondisi wokuthengiswa kwemfuyo (imali engenayo efinyelela kuma-ruble angama-500 ngenyanga) noma inhloko yomnyango wokuthenga wesifunda wokusanhlamvu, imbewu kawoyela (imali engenayo efinyelela kuma-ruble angama-000 ngenyanga), noma umthengisi omele ukuthengiswa komanyolo we-humic ezifundeni zeRussian Federation (imali engenayo efika kuma-ruble angama-450).
Njengamanje, zontathu izikhala zivalwe, abasebenzi sebetholakele. Njengamanje, iholo eliphakeme kakhulu emakethe yezabasebenzi yaseRussia embonini yezolimo linikezwa esikhaleni se-agronomist eyinhloko e-Voronezh (imali engenayo evela kuma-ruble angama-250).
Igor Kuznetsov