Izikhukhula ezihlasele eMidwestern United States ngoMashi zagcwala cishe amaphesenti angama-40 ezitshalo zokusanhlamvu, zommbila kanye n soya. Umonakalo udlule ezigidini ezintathu zamaRandi.
Abalimi basethukile: kancane impela - futhi ukuxazulula ukungqubuzana kwezohwebo neChina kuzokhipha imboni enkingeni enkulu. Ukuthi imakethe yezolimo yaseMelika izolulama yini ngemuva kokushaywa okunjalo kungokwase-RIA Novosti.
Umkhakha wezolimo wase-US ubhekene nokuwohloka okubi kakhulu eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu. Ngonyaka odlule, amapulazi angama-84 afaka isicelo sokuqothuka ezifundazweni zaseMidwestern kuphela. Lesi yisilinganiso esiphezulu kusukela ngo-2007.
Isizathu esikhulu sokonakala ngokuphelele umgodi wezikweletu ojule kakhulu selokhu kwaba senkingeni yezolimo yango-1980s, eyahlasela abalimi abaningi. Iningi lisebenza ngokulahleka futhi alinathuba lokukhokha izikweletu kule sizini. Bambalwa kuphela kwesinye isikhathi abaya ku-zero noma bathole inzuzo encane.
Kube nezimpawu zokugcwala emakethe isikhathi eside, zivimbele abalimi ekukhuphuleni amanani entengo yemikhiqizo.
Impi yokuhwebelana neChina idalulwa nguTrump yayisibhebhethekisa lesi simo. Imisebenzi yokuziphindisela eyabekwa yiBeijing emikhiqizweni yezolimo yathinta ikakhulukazi ama-soya nabakhiqizi bezommbila, okwathi amashumishumi eminyaka bathumela izitshalo emakethe yaseChina. Ikakhulu, izimpahla zika-soya sezicishe zaphela.
Babambe umoya, abalimi babukela izingxoxo neChina, lapho kwakukhona khona into ethambile.
Ukuphela kwempi yezohwebo bekuyosho ukubuya kwamasokisi aseMelika, ummbila, ingulube, imikhiqizo yobisi emakethe engenamkhawulo yamaShayina. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imali elindelwe isikhathi eside futhi empeleni yithuba labalimi abaningi lokukhokha izikweletu.
Izikweletu zabaLimi zifinyelele ku- $ 409 billion, okuwukunyuka kwezigidigidi ezingama-24 zamaRandi ngonyaka, uNgqongqoshe Wezolimo uSunny Pardue utshele iCongress.
Kulindelwe isivumelwano esisha sokuhweba, abalimi bagcwalisa isivuno sonyaka odlule ngesitoreji. Futhi yonke into yahlanzwa lapho imifula enamandla - iMississippi, iTennessee neMissouri - ichichima maphakathi no-Mashi futhi yaqala nezikhukhula ezinkulu emlandweni wezwe.
Amabhiliyoni ngaphansi kwamanzi
Izikhukhula zentwasahlobo ezibangelwa ukuncibilika kwamaqhwa eqhwa ahlanganiswe nezimvula ezinkulu zagcwala yonke indawo ebizwa ngokuthi amabhande okusanhlamvu aseMelika - ukusuka eNebraska kuya e-Iowa.
Imifula yamanzi yacekela phansi amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamathangi okugcina.
E-Iowa, eNebraska, eSouth Dakota, wonke umonakalo odalwe yizitshalo ezilahlekile nemfuyo efile ulinganiselwa ezigidini ezintathu.
“Amabhulokhi eqhwa angalingani wezimoto ashayisana emgodini nasezindlini. Amathole athathwa ayiswa emanzini acwebile, azithinta ngezidumbu zamabhange emifula echithekayo. Amasimu asepulazini asephenduke amachibi, ”kusho iNew York Times.
ENebraska kuphela, kushone amathole angaphezu kwesigidi ngenxa yezikhukhula, kusho umbusi wezwe ngesonto eledlule. Ngokusho kukaJohn Hansen, umongameli weNebraska Farmers Union, amanzi eza ngokushesha okukhulu kangangokuba behluleka ukuphatha ukuthutha imfuyo nokusindisa okuqukethwe ezimalini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwesimo sezulu sezazi zesimo sezulu, izikhukhula zizoqhubeka ngo-Ephreli ngenxa yezimvula ezinamandla kakhulu.
Ngokusho kokuqagelwa kuka-Archer-Daniels-Midland, enye yezinkampani ezinkulu kunazo zonke ezidayisa okusanhlamvu emhlabeni, izikhukhula zizodla ama-US $ 50-60 million ngenzuzo yokusebenza kwikota yokuqala.
Ukushaywa kokugcina
Njengoba kuphawuliwe yi-NYT, umthelela wezinto zokwakha uyakwazi ukuqeda epulazini, usuvele ubhekene nezikhathi ezimbi kakhulu eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu. Le ndaba ihlanganiswa yingoba isikhukhula, esihlanza izitshalo nezitoko, silimaze kakhulu ingqalasizinda - imigwaqo yasemakhaya, amabhuloho, imizila kaloliwe.
Ngenxa yalokhu, imboni yezolimo ilahlekelwe amandla okuletha imikhiqizo evela emapulazini iye ekusebenzeni kwezitshalo nasekuqedeni abathengi. Kanye nokuthola imbewu yokutshala, kanye nokudla kwezilwane.
Isibonelo, ukondla izinkomo ezisindile eColfax County, eNebraska, abalimi baphucwa utshani emalokishini ezinophephela emhlane. Njengoba uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-U.S wacacisa, ngaphambilini lokhu bekufanele kwenziwe kanye kuphela - ngonyaka we-1949.
“Kungephele manje manje,” kusho i-New York Times u-Anthony Ruzicka, ongumnikazi wepulazi lomndeni eNebraska. "Ngokwezezimali, ngeke nje sisinde kulokhu."
“Asitholanga lutho ngo okusanhlamvu ngenxa yezinkinga zokuhweba kanye namanani aphansi, siguqukela emfuyweni, manje kufanele senzeni? Asinakho ukondla izilwane, ”kunezela uTom Geisler, omunye umlimi osezingeni eliphazamisekile.
Ungathengisi, kepha uchithe
Ngokusho kwabalimi be-Iowa, izikhukhula zacekela phansi iphesenti elinganiselwa ku-80 lesilimo. Amathani okusanhlamvu okungashintshiwe ahlala ezindaweni zokugcina ezikhungethwe yizikhukhula. Okwamanje, ochwepheshe bake basho ukuthi: akufanelekile ukuzama ukuthengisa ummbila nokunye okusanhlamvu okunezikhukhula okulahlekelwe yisethulo.
Ngokuhambisana nenqubomgomo ye-American Food and Drug Administration, okusanhlamvu okugcwele amanzi akulungele ukuthengiswa - kuzodingeka ukuthi kubhujiswe.
Okusanhlamvu okugcotshwe kubhekwa njengokukhohlisa, izikhulu zase-Iowa State University zikhumbula. Abalimi baphinde belulekwa ukuthi bangazami ukuxubanisa okusanhlamvu okungcolisiwe nokusanhlamvu okuhle.
Iziphathimandla zaseMelika zathembisa ukuqinisa amasheke kuyo yonke imikhiqizo yezolimo ukuvikela okusanhlamvu okuchithekile ukuthi kungangeni ezimakethe okungaphephile empilweni yabathengi (kufaka phakathi ngoba izikhukhula zashiya amasimu wamanzi angcolisiwe ngamakhemikhali namapulazi amaningi asemabhange).
"Leli yiphilisi elibuhlungu kunazo zonke esikuthola kunzima ukuliginya," kusho uJeff Jorgenson, okhulumela i-Iowa Regional Soybean Proders Association.
Abalimi baxwayisa abaphathi ukuthi ngokuqinisekile bazodinga usizo oluphuthumayo lwezezimali kwisabelomali sombuso. Kepha, noma ngabe ifika, kuzothatha iminyaka ukubuyisa ngokugcwele umkhiqizo wezolimo.