Kuze kube manje, amanani amazambane e-Ukraine ahlala ephezulu kakhulu hhayi eYurophu kuphela, kodwa kulo lonke elase-Eurasia. Intengo ye-wholesale yamazambane njengamanje isuka ku-7 iye ku-10 UAH/kg (amasenti angama-28-40 US ngekhilogremu). Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthengiselana kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ku-8-9 UAH / kg, futhi ekupheleni kwesonto, ngisho naku-8 UAH / kg (amasenti angu-32 US), abakhiqizi abaningi benqaba ukuthengisa amazambane.
Kubukeka sengathi amanani kufanele ehle - phela, ukuvunwa kwezinhlobo zamazambane sekwephuzile kusanda kuqala emapulazini ochwepheshe akhula kusuka kumahektha ayi-10 kuye kwangama-500 noma ngaphezulu amazambane, futhi amapulazi asekhaya aseqedile ukuvuna, okusho ukuthi ukuhlinzekwa kwemikhiqizo imakethe okwamanje iseduze esiphezulu. Kodwa-ke, amanani awagcini nje ukunciphisa, kodwa ngesonto eledlule ngisho nokuthambekela kokukhula, futhi kuleli sonto agcinwe ezingeni eliphezulu.
Uma uqhathanisa, eRussia okwamanje ungathenga amazambane izikhathi ezi-2,5 ezishibhile kunase-Ukraine, naseBelarus - ezishibhile kabili. Ngakho-ke, akumangazi ukuthi umehluko omkhulu kangaka emananini uvusa ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe. Futhi, ngokusho kwedatha yethu, iyaqhubeka nokukhula nsuku zonke, ngoba imali engenayo yomthengisi inhle kakhulu.
Ngisho naseMoldova, ngokusho kokuqapha amanani e-EastFruit, amanani amazambane manje asephansi kunase-Ukraine. Kodwa kwakuyiMoldova ukuthi isizini edlule yayiyimakethe yokuthengisa eyinhloko yemikhiqizo yase-Ukraine. Kodwa-ke, manje i-Ukraine kule makethe izothathelwa indawo yiRussia neBelarus, lapho amanani entengo ephansi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuzoqinisekisa ukulayishwa okubuyayo kwezimoto ezihlinzeka nge-apula laseMoldova eRussia naseBelarus.
Kubonakala kunengqondo ukuthi intengo ephezulu yamazambane kufanele yesabe umthengi, futhi isidingo samazambane kufanele sinciphe, kodwa konke kuhluke ngokuphelele.
“Abathengi base-Ukraine basakhumbula ukushoda kwenkathi yamaSoviet. Okwakamuva kakhulu yinkumbulo yamanani aphezulu ka-anyanisi kule ntwasahlobo. Ngakho-ke, basabela emananini aphezulu ngendlela engajwayelekile - bagijimela emakethe futhi bazame ukuthenga imikhiqizo eminingi kunokuvamile, okuvusa ukwanda kwentengo," kuchaza u-Andriy Yarmak, isazi sezomnotho eMnyangweni Wokutshalwa Kwezimali weNhlangano Yezokudla Nezolimo. i-United Nations (FAO).
"Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isimo lapho i-psychology yobuningi ithinta amanani ayiyona into ehlukile - amacala anjalo eminyakeni engu-15 edlule eyenzeka njalo ngezimpahla ezihlukahlukene - kokubili ukolweni kanye ne-buckwheat kanye nezimpahla zeqembu lemifino. Isibonelo esihle kakhulu imakethe yokusanhlamvu ngesizini ka-2001/02, lapho lowo owayeyiPhini likaNdunankulu Wezindaba Zokulima uLeonid Kozachenko echitha izinyanga ezimbalwa esibayeni ngamacala "okwenza kube lula ukuthunyelwa kokusanhlamvu kwamanye amazwe". Khona-ke, kwaba izenzo zikaMongameli u-Kuchma kanye neHhovisi Lomshushisi Jikelele, abathola ngokuzumayo imiqulu emikhulu kunokuvamile yokusanhlamvu okuphuma ezweni, okwaholela ekwesabeni kwemakethe. Abantu abavame ukusebenzisa okungaphezu kuka-5 kg kafulawa ekhaya ngesikhathi sasebusika ngokushesha baqala ukuyithenga emasakeni, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo yonke imikhiqizo yokusanhlamvu, njengokusanhlamvu kanye ne-pasta. Ngenxa yalokho, amanani enyuka ngempela, izigayo zikafulawa zasebenza ubusuku nemini futhi azikwazanga ukuhlangabezana nesidingo, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwanqamuka, futhi ekugcineni kwaqala ngisho nokuthengwa okusanhlamvu kwamanye amazwe, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya kokusanhlamvu nemikhiqizo yakho kwephula wonke amarekhodi ngesizini eyodwa futhi kuyirekhodi kuze kube namuhla. usuku.
Kodwa kwenzekani ngamasaka empuphu ne-pasta abantu ababewathenga futhi bawabeka emaphethini nakumavulandi? Cishe konke lokhu kwagcina kuthuthele emigqomeni kadoti noma, okungcono kakhulu, kwanikezwa izilwane ezifuywayo. Abathengi bakhokha inani elikhulu, futhi leyo mali yaya kubakhiqizi bokusanhlamvu. I-Kozachenko, ngendlela, yayifaneleka kahle ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa isibikezelo senani eliphezulu sagcwaliseka, ngoba kwakungenakwenzeka ukungenisa okusanhlamvu ngokushibhile, ngenxa yokungenelela kombuso kule nqubo, futhi, ngokumelene nesizinda sokusetshenziswa okunjalo okungenangqondo, sasinganele ngokwethu,” kusho u-Andriy Yarmak.
“Intengo yamazambane maphakathi noSepthemba ayihlali isezingeni eliphansi kakhulu kule sizini. Imvamisa, bayaqhubeka nokwehla kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Okthoba, kuyilapho abakhiqizi bethengisa imikhiqizo engekho ngaphansi kokugcinwa isikhathi eside futhi inqubo yokushintshanisa amazambane kubantu basezifunda ezisenyakatho yezwe ukuze uthole ezinye izimpahla iyasebenza, ”kusho yena. UKateryna Zvereva, uMqondisi Wokuthuthukiswa kwe-Ukrainian Fruit and Vegetable Association (UPOA).
Ngokusho kwe-EastFruit, isivuno samazambane ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yezwe ngo-2019 sasibi kakhulu kunesivuno esasingesihle kakhulu ngonyaka owedlule. Kodwa-ke, indawo engaphansi kwayo yanwetshwa kancane, empeleni, yanikeza umthamo ofanayo wokukhiqiza. Ngasikhathi sinye, amapulazi asekhaya abanqikazi kakhulu ukuthengisa amazambane awo kulo nyaka - bakhumbula nokuthi ngesizini edlule amanani okuthenga amazambane acishe aphindeka kabili ngo-Ephreli uma kuqhathaniswa noSepthemba futhi alindele ukuthi lesi simo siziphinde. Ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, ngokwesiko, abathengisi basebenza kakhulu - bazama ukuthenga amazambane kubantu futhi bawabeke endaweni yokugcina ngethemba lokuwathengisa ngentengo ephezulu ebusika.
“Uma sihlaziya umlando wamanani amazambane ezinkathini eziyi-10 ezedlule, siqhathanisa intengo enkulu phakathi no-Ephreli nentengo maphakathi noSepthemba, sibona isithombe esithokozisayo. Ezimweni ezinhlanu, intengo yamazambane ngo-Ephreli yayifana ngokuphelele nentengo yamazambane maphakathi noSepthemba. Kwelinye icala, amanani entengo amazambane aphelele ngo-Ephreli ayephansi ngo-5,5% kunoSepthemba, kanti kwesinye isikhathi intengo inyuke ngo-6% kuphela ngo-Ephreli uma kuqhathaniswa noSepthemba. Okusho ukuthi, ezimweni eziningi (ngama-70%), labo abancamela ukugcina amazambane ukuze bawathengise ngoSepthemba balahlekelwe, ngoba ukulahlekelwa ngesikhathi sokugcina akunakugwenywa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuthwala izindleko zokugcina izindawo zokugcina, irenti yazo (noma ukwehla), kanye nemali edingekayo ukuze uthenge amazambane (noma angatholwanga ngenxa yokungathengiswa kwawo) ineyayo, inani elikhulu kakhulu. Ukraine, ”kusho u-Oleksandr Khorev, Inhloko yephrojekthi ye-APK-Yazisa: Imifino Nezithelo.
“Kwakungesizini edlule (2018/19) lapho kukhuphuke khona amanani amakhulu kunawo wonke - amazambane akhuphuke ngesilinganiso sama-86% maphakathi no-Ephreli uma kuqhathaniswa maphakathi noSepthemba. Nangesizini ka-2014/15, kunyuke ngo-54%, kodwa kwaba yinkathi yokuntengantenga kwezombusazwe kanye nomnotho omkhulu, futhi cishe akulungile ukukucabangela. Futhi futhi, ukukhuphuka kwentengo bekungama-35%, okungasivumeli ukuthi sikhulume ngamathuba okuthola imali ephezulu ekuthengisweni kabusha kwamazambane. Lokhu kusho ukuthi inzuzo ecacile ekuthengisweni kwamazambane ngemuva kokugcinwa kwaba kanye kuphela eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ngakho-ke, ngokubona kwethu, indlela ehlelekile yokuthengisa, lapho umkhiqizi ethengisa amazambane ngokuhlelekile phakathi nenkathi yonke, iyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuthengisa amazambane. yokuthengisa,” kuphawula u-Alexander Khorev.
Abahlaziyi be-UPOA baqaphela ukuthi intengo ephezulu kangaka yamazambane ngoSepthemba, evezwe nge-hryvnia, njengaleyo esungulwe emakethe manje, ayikaze ibe emlandweni. “Maphakathi noSepthemba 2010, amanani amazambane afinyelela ku-4 UAH/kg. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungaphezu kwamasenti angu-50 e-US ngekhilogremu ku-hryvnia kuya kusilinganiso sokushintshaniswa kwedola, okungukuthi, ngamadola intengo yayiphezulu kunamanje. Kodwa-ke, intengo yehla kancane engxenyeni yesibili kaSepthemba nango-Okthoba, futhi yaqala ukukhula futhi ngoJanuwari wonyaka olandelayo, futhi ukukhuphuka kwentengo ngo-Ephreli uma kuqhathaniswa noSeptemba kwakungama-35% kuphela, "kusho uKaterina Zvereva wase-UPAA.
Ingabe intengo yamazambane e-Ukraine ingakhuphuka emasontweni azayo futhi ibe phezulu entwasahlobo kunamanje? Impendulo yalo mbuzo itholakala emlandweni. Yebo, ngokusho kwe-APK-Yazisa: Imifino Nezithelo, inani eliphelele lokukhiqizwa kwamazambane ngo-2019 lizokhuphuka uma liqhathaniswa no-2018 ngenxa yesivuno esingcono emapulazini ochwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwezindawo. Kodwa-ke, umbuzo oyinhloko ukuthi mangaki amazambane athengiwe kakhulu azobola ezindaweni zokugcina abahlali basemadolobheni, ngoba manje sebethenga imikhiqizo ezosetshenziswa esikhathini esizayo, bengenazo izimo ezidingekayo zokugcina amazambane.
“Ngolunye usuku nje, ngabona ingxoxo kwenye yezinkundla phakathi komuntu owayefuna ukuthenga ngokushesha ithani elingu-8 lamazambane nge-1 UAH / kg ukuze aqinisekise ukusetshenziswa komndeni wakhe isizini yonke esifundeni saseChernihiv. Wanikezwa imikhiqizo engabizi kune-10 UAH/kg futhi watshelwa ukuthi entwasahlobo amanani azoba ngu-20-25 UAH/kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi lababambiqhaza engxoxweni lalikholelwa ngokuqinile esimweni esinjalo sokuthuthukiswa kwemicimbi, futhi umuntu oyedwa kuphela owaphawula ukuthi bazovele balethe amazambane ashibhile avela eBelarus, "kusho u-Andrei Yarmak.
Zonke izinto ezibhekwayo, abahlaziyi be-EastFruit balindele ukuthi i-hype yemakethe yamazambane izoqhubeka nokudonswa ngabezindaba, okungagcina amanani entengo ephezulu. Lokhu kuzodlala ezandleni zalabo abalimi "abakhohlisayo" abazothola intengo enhle yemikhiqizo yabo, engekho ngaphansi kokugcinwa isikhathi eside. Abathengi abangenalwazi abathenga amazambane anjalo bangase balahle okungenani ingxenye yemikhiqizo enjalo emasontweni ambalwa.
Lesi simo sizophinde sidlalele ezandleni zabathengi abavela kwamanye amazwe abazoqhubeka nokungenisa amazambane eBelarus naseRussia (besebenzisa iBelarus). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe ngeke kuthinte kakhulu intengo - kuzomane kuyivimbe. Nokho, ukuncipha kancane kwamanani emasontweni ezayo kusengenzeka.
Kodwa ukuthi kuzokwazi yini ukuthola okwengeziwe kumazambane entwasahlobo kungumbuzo omkhulu. Amathuba okuthola u-20-25 UAH/kg wamazambane esitolo esikhulu entwasahlobo abukeka engenakwenzeka njengamanje, ikakhulukazi uma kuqhathaniswa nokwasemuva kokuqiniswa okwengeziwe kwemali yase-Ukraine, okwenza ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe kufinyeleleke nakakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kucatshangelwe ukuthi amathuba okunciphisa intengo yamazambane eRussia, Belarus nasePoland awakapheli amandla - ukuvuna kusanda kuqala lapho ezifundeni eziningi. I-EU iphinde ilindele isivuno esikhulu samazambane, okusho ukuthi ngeke ingenise imikhiqizo ngamanani amakhulu.
Kuyadabukisa ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo zamanani aphezulu asekhaya, amaphrojekthi wokuthekelisa abalimi bamazambane base-Ukraine azomiswa, ngoba impumelelo enkulu izuzwe kule sizini edlule. Kodwa-ke, asethembe ukuthi inzuzo enhle yalo nyaka izovumela abalimi ukuthi batshale imali kubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokulima, ukucubungula, ukugreda, ukugcina kanye nokudayisa amazambane. Lokho kuzobasiza ukuthi bangene ngempumelelo ezimakethe ezintsha ngesizini ka-2020/21.
Source: https://east-fruit.com