NgoJulayi 20, kwaba nesemina ngesisekelo sepulazi labalimi uValery Cherenkov esifundeni sasePervomaisky, lapho umlimi abonisa khona ozakwabo ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokutshala ezingenagciwane zamazambane akhiqizwayo aphezulu, isikhungo sezindaba saseSvetich sibika ngereferensi. eMnyangweni Wezolimo wesifunda.
Ipulazi likaValery Cherenkov lingelinye elikhulu kunawo wonke esifundeni, lihlanganyela ekukhiqizeni imbewu yamazambane akhethwe ekhaya ngokusekelwe ezindleleni ze-biotechnological - impahla yokutshala engenagciwane.
Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza imbewu lapha bunomjikelezo ogcwele. Isigaba sokuqala ukutshalwa kwe-greenhouse kwama-minitubers avela kumashubhu okuhlola akhethekile. Ku-greenhouse, umlimi ubeka izitshalo ze-test-tube ezingu-400, lapho eminyakeni emihlanu etshala amathani angu-400 embewu yamazambane. (Ngesikhathi esifushane, u-Valery Cherenkov, kanye nobuchwepheshe be-test-tube, uhlose ukuphindaphinda ubuchwepheshe bekhasethi, okunikeza ukusinda kwezitshalo okungu-100%. Ngemuva kokuthola ama-minitubers enkathini elandelayo, atshalwa ensimini ukuze athole imbewu ye-super-elite, ebuye isakazwe ibe yi-super-elite kanye ne-elite.
Esebenzisa lobu buchwepheshe, umlimi ukhiqiza imbewu yezinhlobo ezine zamazambane akhethwa eSiberia.
Imbewu yembewu itshalwa kumahektha angama-30, lapho kutholakala khona izinto zokutshala eziphakeme, eziphakeme kakhulu kanye ne-super-elite. Umlimi akasebenzisi umanyolo wamaminerali, kodwa usebenzisa uhlelo lokufulela umquba oluhlaza. “Sivame ukuhlwanyela ukolweni wasebusika ekwindla, ngoJuni ozayo, ngemva kokwakheka kwenqwaba eluhlaza, siyawusika bese siwulima enhlabathini, sihlwanyela ingxube elandelayo ye-pea-oat, esiyigunda futhi siyitshala emhlabathini ekwindla. . Kanye nokwenqatshwa komanyolo wamaminerali, asisebenzisi ama-herbicides. Silwa nohlelo lokujikeleziswa kwezitshalo nangemishini. Senza okungenani izindlela ezine ezinjalo zokwelashwa ngaphambi kokutshala amazambane, ”kusho umlimi.
Imbewu yezambane elite etholakala epulazini igcinwa endaweni yokugcina amazambane enomthamo wamathani angama-400, efakwe izinhlelo zesimanje zokungenisa umoya kanye nokupholisa. Kwaphinde kwafakwa ulayini wokuwasha, ukomisa nokupakisha imbewu namazambane nezaqathi ezithengiswayo, umlimi alinywayo ezindaweni ezincane ukuze agcwalise imali yokusebenza ngesikhathi sokuvuna.
Ngokusho kwe-agrarian, isihloko sokushintshwa kwezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokuvuselelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ekukhuleni kwamazambane siye sakhula kakhulu eminyakeni yamuva. “Abalimi bamazambane sebeqalile ukunaka kakhulu izinga lembewu futhi bayaqaphela ukuthi isivuno sokugcina sincike kukho. Isihloko sembewu ye-elite siyathakazelisa kithi, abalimi bembewu, namapulazi athenga imbewu, njengoba ukusekelwa kukahulumeni kunikezwa ngalezi zinhloso, "kusho uValery Cherenkov.
Unyaka ngamunye umlimi ulungele ukuthengisa okungenani amathani angama-300 ezinto zokutshala zemikhiqizo ephezulu.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngaphakathi kohlaka loxhaso lwehektha ngalinye, amanani anyukile aqalisiwe emapulazini embewu yamazambane kusukela kulo nyaka. Ekukhiqizeni imbewu yezambane elite, kunikezwa inani lama-ruble angama-27800 / ha. Futhi, abakhiqizi bezolimo abathenga imbewu ye-elite (eklanywe esifundeni saseSiberian Federal) bangathola isinxephezelo sama-ruble angu-16000 ngehektha ngalinye lendawo ehlalwayo.
Source: http://svetich.info