NgoJanuwari 31, uNgqongqoshe Wezolimo waseRussia u-Alexander Tkachev wethule inkulumo kwi-All-Russian Agronomic Conference.
“Ezolimo zihlala zingenye yezindawo ezikhula ngokushesha emnothweni waseRussia. Esikhathini sonyaka ka-2014 kuya ku-2016, umkhiqizo wezolimo ukhule ngo-11%, kwathi kuphela unyaka we-2017, ukukhula kwaba ngu-3% ”, - kusho Alexander Tkachev.
UNgqongqoshe ubalule impumelelo enkulu emkhakheni wezolimo ekutholeni izivuno eziqopha umlando. Ngonyaka odlule, ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni, kwavunwa amathani ayizigidi eziyi-134 okusanhlamvu, namathani acishe abe yizigidi ezingama-86 kakolweni. Ukuvunwa kobhontshisi kanye nokudlwengulwa kukhule kakhulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwemifino ebamba ukushisa kukhombisa amazinga akhula kahle - ngo-34% kule minyaka emibili edlule. Uhlelo Lombuso Lokuthuthukiswa Kwezolimo lusetshenziswa ngempumelelo, ngaphakathi kohlaka okwabekwa kulo amahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-73 zeminyaka yezithelo eminyakeni emihlanu, ukukhula konyaka kungamahektha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-15.
Inhloko yoMnyango Wezolimo waseRussia uthe ukuze kugcinwe lo mshophi futhi uqhubeke nokuthuthukisa imboni, kubalulekile ukukhuphula ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zokulinganisa imakethe nokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yabalimi.
Uhulumeni wethule inqubo yokuxhasa ukuthuthwa kwezitimela okusanhlamvu kusuka ezifundeni zangaphakathi zezwe ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe emachwebeni. Futhi asikhulumi nje ngamachweba endabuko aseningizimu yeRussia, kodwa futhi nangamasango wokuthumela iBaltic kanye neCaspian, iMpumalanga Ekude.
Ngokusho kukangqongqoshe, le ndlela isishintshe kakhulu lesi simo, ikakhulukazi esimeni sokukhula kwezitolo.
“Uma kuqhathaniswa nesizini edlule, iRussia yathula ezinye izinhlamvu ezingama-36% no-35% kakolweni kakhulukazi ezimakethe zakwamanye amazwe. Ngokusho kwesibalo se-International Grain Council, kule sizini iRussia izoba yindawo yokuqala emhlabeni ukulethwa kukakolweni ezimakethe zaphesheya. ", - kusho Alexander Tkachev.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kuzogcina amandla ezolimo ezolimo ezimeni zokugcwala ezimakethe zasekhaya.
“Ngokwemiphumela yonyaka we-2017, isabelo samabhizinisi ezolimo anenzuzo safinyelela kuma-87%. Lesi yisibalo esiphakeme kakhulu eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule., - kuphawuliwe ungqongqoshe.
Inhloko yoMnyango wezoLimo ithinte enye yezingqinamba ezibaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wezolimo - izindawo ezikhula ngokuhlwanyelwa, zibuyisela umhlaba ongasetshenziswanga ukuthi usatshalaliswe. Ngonyaka owedlule, ngokokuqala ngqa eminyakeni eyi-15, yonke indawo elinywe eRussia yedlula emgqonyeni wamahektha ayizigidi ezingama-80, futhi ekubikezelweni konyaka we-2018, ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo engaba mahektare angaba yizinkulungwane ezingama-200.
Ngokuqhubeka kokuqaliswa komhlaba ukusatshalaliswa, uMnyango Wezolimo usungule izinyathelo eziningi: ithuba lokuthi abalimi abasafufusa bathole umhlaba ngokuqashisa ngaphandle kokubamba amathenda, ukwanda kwezinga lentela lomhlaba ongasetshenziswanga. Iphrojekthi entsha "ihektha elisebenzayo" nayo iyahlolwa. Eminyakeni emi-3 ezayo, umphakathi wesayensi nochwepheshe, kanye nebhizinisi lezolimo ezifundeni ezilingwayo, bazosebenza ngemigomo nemininingwane yendlela entsha yokuphathwa kwezakhiwo zezimboni zezolimo, okuvumela ukugwema inguquko yengqalasizinda nakwezomnotho nokuthola imali engenayo ephezulu ehektheleni ngalinye.
Ukulima ngokwemvelo kuhlobene kakhulu nokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo ezihlwanyelwe, lapho uNgqongqoshe wezoLimo anake khona ngokukhethekile. Uhulumeni wasekela futhi wathumela kuHulumeni Duma umthetho osalungiswa othi "Ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo ephilayo" eyenziwe nguMnyango Wezolimo waseRussia, ozoxazulula zonke izindaba eziphathelene nokulima ngokwemvelo. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi kubuyiselwe umhlaba ongasetshenziswanga ekujikelezeni, kudale izimo zokuthuthukiswa kokulima okuphilayo, kwandise isabelo saso emakethe yezwe ephilayo kuze kufike ku-10-15% futhi sithole ezinye izimakethe zokuthengisa.
U-Alexander Tkachev udonsele ukunakekela kwabalimi ngomkhankaso wokuhlwanyela. Kulonyaka, indawo ehlwanyelwe kufanele ibe ngamahektha ayi-80,4 million. Kulindelwe ukuthi izilimo zasentwasahlobo zitshalwe endaweni engamahektare ayizigidi ezingama-53,4, kanti nezindawo ezihlwanyelwe izilimo zikamoya, ezidlwengulwa, ifilakisi, ibhali nezilimo zokudla ziyanda. Ungqongqoshe ucele amabhizinisi ezolimo ukuthi aqaphele ukwakheka kokujikeleziswa kwezitshalo, esebenzisa indlela elinganiselayo emikhiqizweni eyenziwe kanye esetshenziswayo.
UNgqongqoshe waphawula isidingo sokunweba indawo elinywe kuyo imifino ye-oyela: ubhontshisi kanye nodlwenguliwe. Ukutholakala kwamandla okuvumelayo kukhulisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-rapeseed for processing by 2 - 3 times. USoy nabadlwenguli bayadingeka emakethe yomhlaba wonke futhi bangaba yisikhundla sokuncintisana nethembisa ukuthekelisa saseRussia.
Ukugxila kwinani eliphakeme kakhulu le-margin niche ezimakethe zomhlaba, ukusebenzela ukuthola kabusha ukusebenza kahle kanye nokwenza inzuzo, kanye nokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe besimanje kudinga imali ebalulekile yokusebenzisa kabusha ubuchwepheshe kanye nokwenziwa kabusha kwesimo sezolimo.
Ngalezi zinhloso, kunezindlela zokwesekwa zombuso, ikakhulukazi ukubolekwa kwemali okuvunyelwe. Kulo nyaka, ama-ruble angaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyi-13 abelwe le ndawo.
Ngenxa yokuxhaswa kombuso kanye nokubolekwa okufushane, ukusetshenziswa kwamanyolo okunamaminerali kukhula ngokubonakalayo (ngama-33% eminyakeni emi-4 edlule). Ukwesekwa kosizo kuvumela amabhizinisi ezolimo ukuthi andise futhi enze imishini yabo yezolimo ibe yesimanjemanje.
U-Alexander Tkachev waphawula ukuthi ezolimo ziyaqhubeka nokukhula ngamandla, okusivumela ukuthi sinikeze isibikezelo sethemba. Kwabanye babo, inkampani yezolimo yaseRussia yezimboni yezolimo ingaphinde ithole isimo sokuthengisela ngaphandle okulahlekile ngo-1955. I-Russia isivele ingomunye wabatshalizimali abakhulu abayisihlanu emkhakheni wezolimo futhi ikhiqiza imikhiqizo ephindwe cishe kanye nengxenye yokudla ngakunye ngokwesilinganiso somhlaba.
Ngasikhathi sinye, imboni inezinsizakusebenza ezinkulu ezingenakubalwa futhi ezinamandla okuthuthuka, ikhulisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokuncintisana emakethe yomhlaba.
"Ukuguqula ukwakheka komkhakha, ukukhulisa isabelo sezimboni zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kuzothuthukisa ukutshalwa kwezimali futhi kwandise nokukhiqizwa kwezolimo", - kusho Alexander Tkachev.
Umqondisi woMnyango Wezokukhula Kwezitshalo, Mechanization, Chemicalization kanye nokuvikelwa kwezitshalo ukhulume ngemiphumela yomsebenzi wezimboni ezikhulisa izitshalo ngonyaka we-2017 nangemisebenzi yonyaka we-2018. Peter Chekmarevizikhulumi ezingukhiye nazo zenziwe Anatoly Kutsenko, uValery Zhukov nabanye abaningi.
Source: http://mcx.ru