Uhulumeni usuzibonile izimpawu zomhlaba ongasetshenziswanga wezolimo
Manje kuphela eCentral Russia, cishe ingxenye yomhlaba wonke wezolimo ayisetshenziswa. Kepha manje udaba lokuhoxa kwabo luzoxazululwa ngokushesha futhi kube lula. Uhulumeni uzichaze ngokusobala izimpawu zomhlaba ongasetshenziswanga wezolimo. Ukwethulwa kwabo okusebenzayo ekusakazeni kuzonikeza imisebenzi emisha kubahlali basemakhaya, kwandise imali engenayo yesabelomali futhi kukhulise kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo.
Izimpawu ezintsha zeziza zomhlaba ezingasetshenzisiwe zamukelwa nguhulumeni ngoSepthemba 18, 2020. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezangaphambilini zango-2012, ezintsha ziqukethe izincazelo ezicace bha futhi ezinzima. Ngakho-ke, phambilini, icebo lalithathwa njengelingasetshenziswanga uma ngabe ukutshalwa kwezitshalo nokulinywa kwakungeke kwenziwe emhlabathini olimekayo. Futhi manje, noma kungekho msebenzi wezolimo endaweni engafika kwengxenye yesine yesiqephu, kusazobhekwa njengokungasetshenziswa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuba khona kokhula olukhula kakhulu engxenyeni (noma ngaphezulu) yale ndawo, futhi ngaphezu kuka-20% ezindaweni zomhlaba ezikhiqiza ngokukhethekile kuzobhekwa njengezimpawu zomhlaba ongasetshenzisiwe. Ukwephulwa komthetho kuzoba khona esakhiweni somhlaba sebhilidi esinezimpawu zokungagunyaziwe; ukungcola kwesiza somhlaba ngamakhemikhali; ukungcolisa indawo yomhlaba ongamaphesenti angama-20 noma ngaphezulu, nokunye okuningi.
Kusukela ekuqaleni konyaka odlule, iRosreestr ilinganise indawo ephelele yomhlaba wezolimo kumahektha ayizigidi ezingama-382,5, kufaka phakathi indawo yokulima - amahektha ayizigidi ezingama-197,7, ngokusho kombiko wombuso mayelana nombuso nokusetshenziswa komhlaba eRussia ngo-2018. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokusho kokulinganisela okuhlukahlukene, umhlaba wezolimo ongasetshenzisiwe eRussia usuka kumahektha ayizigidi ezingama-40 kuya kwezingama-80.
E-Central Russia - ESmolensk, Tver, Vologda, Yaroslavl, Kirov izifunda - kuze kube uhhafu womhlaba olimekayo awusetshenziswanga, kubalwa uVladimir Plotnikov, iPhini Likasihlalo Wokuqala weKomidi Lezolimo Likahulumeni uDuma. "Kungumsebenzi wombuso - ukwenza umhlaba usebenze - unikeze isivuno, unikeze idolobhana eminye imisebenzi, nesabelomali ngentela," esho.
Ngo-2030, umbuso uhlela ukufaka ukusatshalaliswa kwamahektha ayizigidi eziyi-12 zomhlaba. Njengoba iPhini likaNdunankulu uViktoria Abramchenko echaze ngaphambili, ngalokhu kuyadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe uhlu olukhulu lomhlaba, ukukhomba iziqephu zomhlaba ezifanele kakhulu ezolimo. Ngokubambisana nezinye izinyathelo, lokhu kuzosiza ukufeza inhloso yokuphinda kabili ukukhiqizwa nokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ngonyaka ka-2024 - kuye ku- $ 45 billion.
Ngo-2019, ukwaneliseka kwezwe okusanhlamvu, izinhlanzi nemikhiqizo yezinhlanzi kudlule izinkomba zemfundiso yokuvikeleka kokudla isikhathi esisodwa nohhafu, kukhumbula uVictoria Abramchenko. Ubuye waveza nokuthi iRussia ifinyelele kuzindinganiso zokuphepha kokudla cishe kuzo zonke izindawo ezibalulekile.
Ukwanda okunye ekukhiqizweni kwemikhiqizo yezolimo ezweni kuyadingeka, okokuqala, ukuqinisa isikhundla seRussia emakethe yokudla emhlabeni. Lokhu kuzovumela umbuso ukuthi ulawule isimo sokudla ngaphakathi ezweni. Noma kungavela isimo esiphuthumayo (ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, i-coronavirus, njll.), Umbuso uzohlala unethuba "lokuncisha" inani elilahlekile lokudla okuthengwa phesheya. Ngakho-ke, ukusweleka kokudla eRussia ngeke kwenzeke ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.
Futhi isinqumo sikahulumeni siyingxenye yalo msebenzi. Incazelo ecacile yezimpawu zomhlaba ongasetshenziswanga wezolimo izosivumela ukuthi siqale ukuxazulula isigaba esilandelayo senkinga - ukuhoxiswa komhlaba wezolimo ongasetshenzisiwe, uVladimir Plotnikov uqinisekile. Ngokubona kwakhe, ngenxa yamagama angaqondakali, umthetho wokutholwa komhlaba awuzange usebenze kuze kube yileso sikhathi.
"Kukhona abantu futhi kukhona umhlaba, kepha asikwazi ukuwuthatha, ngoba abanye abantu" abasebenzayo "batshale imali kulo mhlaba njengediphozithi ngesikhathi kwenziwa izinto ngasese eminyakeni yama-90s. Futhi manje balinde lapho bezokwazi ukuzicebisa khona ngendlela yokuqagela, ”kusho iphini.
Ngokubona kwakhe, inani lomhlaba ongasetshenziswanga lenyuke kuphela selokhu kwaqala ukubuyiswa komhlaba ngawo-1990. Ngemuva kwalokho umhlaba wathengwa ngamanani entengo ukuze uthengiswe kamuva. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthi ayisetshenziswanga nhlobo, noma ayisetshenziselwa nhlobo ezolimo, kuchaza uPlotnikov. Ekuqinisekiseni, ucaphuna idatha evela eRosstat: ngo-1990, kwahlwanyelwa amahektha ayizigidi eziyi-116, kwathi ngo-2020 (ngisho nokucabangela ukwanda) kancane kuka-80 million hectares.
Ngakho-ke, uPlotnikov ukholelwa ukuthi kubalulekile ukusebenza kanzima ukubandakanya umhlaba wezolimo ongasetshenzisiwe kwinzuzo. Ngakho-ke, ngokombono wakhe, kungaba okulungile, phakathi kokunye, ukwethula intela eyandisiwe emhlabeni uma ingasetshenziswa - iphindwe kahlanu kuya kwayishumi ngaphezulu. Lokhu kuzokhuthaza abanikazi ukuthi balime umhlaba noma bathengise.
Ukholelwa futhi ukuthi ukufakwa komhlaba ujikelezwe kungasusa kancane inkinga yemililo, eye yaba nkulu eminyakeni yamuva. “IBurian isha ngokuphelele. Ukube umhlaba ubutshaliwe bekungeke kube nezinkinga, ”kuchaza yena.
Khonamanjalo, uNatalya Shagaida, umqondisi weCentre for Agri-Food Policy ye-Institute for Applied Economic Research, iRANEPA, ukholelwa ekutheni awukho umhlaba ongasetshenziswanga lapho ufuneka khona. Azisetshenziswa kuphela kulezo zifunda lapho la mazwe engeke alethe nzuzo kwezamabhizinisi ezolimo. Ngalokhu, kusizakala kakhulu ukuthi umbuso ungathathi izinyathelo ngosizo lwezinyathelo zokujezisa, kodwa, kunalokho, ngokomgomo wokumemezela, uthe. Uma umuntu ethola indawo elahliwe kwenye indawo ezindaweni ezifunekayo, angaxhumana neziphathimandla ezifanele ukuthola umnikazi futhi, uma kunesidingo, ayikhiphe ukuze ikhiqize ezolimo. Futhi yonke indawo ukwethula ukulawula umhlaba wezolimo ongasetshenzisiwe, ngokusho kongoti, awukho umqondo okhethekile. Futhi akwenzeki njalo ukuthola abanikazi beziza, kungeza uShagaida.
Uyakhumbula ukuthi ngesikhathi sokubalwa kwabantu kwezolimo ngo-2016, kwatholakala abakhiqizi bezolimo, ababelwa amahektha ayizigidi eziyi-142,7 amasimu apulazi kumahektha ayizigidi ezingama-193. Cishe amahektha ayizigidi ezingama-50 "alahlekile". Kulawo mazwe abelwa abakhiqizi abatholakala ngesikhathi sokubalwa kwabantu kwezolimo, kwasetshenziswa amahektha ayizigidi eziyi-125. Okusho ukuthi, cishe amahektha ayizigidi eziyi-18 awakasetshenziswa okwamanje.
“Umsebenzi wokusabalalisa umhlaba wezolimo wabekwa nguMengameli. Futhi siyakwazi ukubhekana nalokhu futhi sihlele izinto ngokuhleleka, ”uVladimir Plotnikov yena uqinisekile.