U-Alexey Krasilnikov, umqondisi omkhulu wePotato Union
UNYAKA WEKHALENDA UYAPHELA, FUTHI LESI YISIZATHU SOKUXOXA NGEMIPHUMELA LE mboni ESIFIKE NGAYO KULOMNQANDA, FUTHI CABANGA NGEMIBANDELA YAYO ETHUTHUKILE.
Ngokwemininingwane yokusebenza yoMnyango Wezolimo waseRussia, kusukela ngoNovemba 17, 2021, isivuno samazambane emkhakheni ohleliwe wezwe saba amathani ayizigidi eziyi-6,6 (amathani ayizigidi eziyisi-6,8 ngo-2020). Imiphumela yokugcina yokuhlanza ayikafingqwa, kodwa ngeke kube nezinguquko zomhlaba kudatha.
Umphumela waba ngaphansi kunalokho obekuhleliwe (ochwepheshe bomnyango bebelindele ukuthi izwe lizothola okungenani amathani ayizigidi eziyisi-7,15 zamazambane), isizathu esikhulu sokushoda isimo sezulu esingesihle, khumbula ukuthi umbuso ophuthumayo wethulwa ezifundeni eziyi-16. I-Russia kulo nyaka, engazange ithinte inani lokuvuna, ikhwalithi yamazambane, kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nezinga lokuhlinzekwa kwezindawo ezithile ngemifino namazambane.
IZINHLELO
Amanani amazambane kule sizini agcina umkhuba okhuphukayo ngisho nangesikhathi sokuvuna sokuvuna okukhulu, kodwa ekuqaleni kukaNovemba ukunyakaza okukhuphukayo kwase kumile, manje sibona ukwehla okuncane (ngama-ruble angu-2-3 / kg), kuya ku- Izinga elijwayelekile ebangeni lama-27- RUB 30 / kg kuye ngesifunda. Leli qiniso lichazwa ngokusungulwa kwenkatho engafanele ukugcinwa isikhathi eside noma engahlinzekwa ngezindawo zokugcina.
Kunzima ukukhuluma ngamathemba esikhathi esizayo, kodwa siyaqaphela ukuthi okwamanje uhulumeni waseRussia akakayikhanseli intela yokungenisa amazambane, futhi umthamo womkhiqizo ongenayo ongenayo awukabi mkhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile isimo singabizwa ngokuthi esivumayo. abakhiqizi bezolimo basekhaya.
Ake sinikeze amagama ambalwa kwezinye izingxenye ze "borscht set". Izintengo zeklabishi elimhlophe ziye zahlala ezingeni eliphezulu amasonto amane: esifundeni saseMoscow, imikhiqizo ithengiswa ngesilinganiso sama-ruble angu-25 / kg. Uma sikhuluma ngezinye izifunda, izindleko ezincane zeklabishi zingama-ruble angu-20-22 / kg, inani eliphakeme lingama-ruble angu-28-30 / kg.
Izaqathe ziyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka kwentengo, okuchazwa ukwanda kwesidingo sabo emakethe. Futhi amanani entengo kabhontshisi wetafula ayakhula. Kodwa u-anyanisi izikhundla zamanani zibuyele ezingeni lonyaka odlule (ama-ruble angu-12-14 / kg).
OKUFANELEKILE
Ngokokuqala ngqa emlandweni wokukhula kwamazambane esimanje aseRussia, lapho kuvunwa ngobuningi (Septhemba-Okthoba), amazambane avela e-Iran avela emashalofini ezitolo zethu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, asikhulumi ngezinkatho ezincane ezifundeni eziseningizimu yezwe, amazambane ase-Iranian angathengwa ezitolo ezinkulu eMoscow, futhi le mikhiqizo iyancintisana kakhulu ngokwezintengo nekhwalithi neyasekhaya.
Amazambane okudla nawo angeniswa eRussia evela eBelarus, kepha umthamo wezimpahla uphansi kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
Kuyaphawulwa futhi ukuthi amazambane ase-Ukraine angenile emakethe yethu (kwakunezinguqulo kwabezindaba mayelana nemizila okungenzeka kakhulu yokulethwa kwemikhiqizo ngeBelarus), kodwa ngamanani amancane: izwe kule sizini yamanje alihlushwa ukuchichima kwezilimo. .
Futhi, njengenjwayelo, imboni yamazambane ikhathazekile ngodaba lokungenisa amazambane e-Egypt. Kuyaziwa ukuthi iRussia
isikhathi eside kwakungumthengi oyinhloko wamazambane aseGibhithe: ingxenye yesivuno esiphelele (cishe amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-750) yaya ezitolo zethu. Kodwa kunezikhathi lapho abakhiqizi bezolimo abavela kule republic yama-Arab benza ukukhetha ngokuvuna imakethe yaseYurophu. Ikakhulukazi, izintengo zamazambane eJalimane njengamanje ziphakeme ngama-30% kunonyaka odlule.
Singaqagela nje ukuthi izimo zizohamba kanjani kule sizini.
IMBEWU
Ekhuluma ngokunciphisa umthamo wokuvuna amazambane kulo nyaka, asikhulumi ngemikhiqizo yetafula kuphela, kodwa futhi nembewu. Kubalulekile ukugcizelela ukuthi ukusilela kwamazambane embewu emakethe yaseRussia kubhalwe isizini yesibili ngokulandelana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lokhu kubonisa ukwanda kwesidingo: iningi labahlanganyeli bemakethe baqaphela ukuthi ngaphezu kwe-50% yempumelelo incike ezingeni lezinto zokutshala. Kodwa
yilokhu kuphela okuhle
isici salesi simo.
Ngonyaka odlule, phakathi nokushoda kwezimbewu, amanani azo akhuphuka, futhi amapulazi amaningi ahlehlisa ukuvuselelwa kokuzala kuze kube umzuzu ongcono. Kule nkathi, imbewu ivunwe kancane futhi ibiza kakhulu.
Ukwehluleka kwezitshalo zamazambane kuyabonakala naseYurophu kulo nyaka. Ngasikhathi sinye, inani lezicelo zembewu yaseYurophu evela eRussia
isandla, ngokusho opharetha, isikhule izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Ukwanda kungenxa yezinto ezimbili: Okokuqala, abathengi bayakwesaba lokho
ngeke ithole ivolumu yonke ye-oda; okwesibili, isidingo sezinhlobonhlobo zamafrimu nama-chips senyukile (ngokusho kwePotato
I-Union, ezweni lethu amabhizinisi amaningana amakhulu okucubungula alungiselela ukuvula ngesikhathi esisodwa).
Ngendlela, leli qiniso lakamuva liqinisekisa ukuthambekela okuvelayo: esikhathini esifushane, isabelo samazambane esakhiweni sokujikeleza kwezitshalo zezinkampani zaseRussia singancishiswa kakhulu, ngoba ingxenye enkulu yabakhiqizi izokhetha ukusebenza nabaprosesa - ngaphansi. izinkontileka zesikhathi esifushane nesimaphakathi. Ngokusemthethweni, imiphumela yalo nyaka iyangqubuzana nalesi siphetho, kodwa kusafanele ibekwe njengehlukile, lokhu kwenzeka kanye njalo eminyakeni eyishumi.
Inkambo yemboni ekuthuthukiseni umkhakha wokucubungula ingasekelwa kuphela yi-Potato Union, ngenxa yokuthi ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwamabhizinisi okucubungula kuzonciphisa ubungozi bokukhiqiza amazambane ngokweqile emakethe.
IMIBANDELA
Ngesizini ka-2021, udaba lokuhlinzekwa kwezithelo nemifino ezifundeni zaseMpumalanga Ekude luphinde lube yisihloko. Okwamanje, ochwepheshe bePotato Union, egameni loMnyango Wezolimo waseRussian Federation, benza iziphakamiso zokukhuthaza ukuhlinzekwa kwemifino namazambane kulesi sifunda.
Khumbula ukuthi, ngokwemithetho yamanje, kuphela
abakhiqizi bezolimo base-Ural
kanye nezifunda zikahulumeni zaseSiberia. Kodwa imiqulu engenayo ye
isifunda asanele. Mayelana
Ngakho-ke, ukuze kwandiswe uhla lwabahlinzeki abangaba khona, sikubona kudingekile ukwandisa indawo yabamukeli bemixhaso esikalini sayo yonke iRussia.
Futhi, ngobusuku bangaphambi kwesizini entsha, sithanda ukudonsela ukunaka kwabakhiqizi bezolimo ezinhlotsheni zamazambane zaseRussia ezidalwe njengengxenye yokuqaliswa kwe-Federal Scientific and Technical Programme for Development of Agriculture ka-2017-2025. Namuhla kukhona kakade ezingaphezu kuka-20 zazo futhi, ngokubona kwethu, lolu hlu luqukethe izinketho ezithembisayo kakhulu ezingaqhudelana nabaholi bemakethe.
Uhulumeni waseRussia unesithakazelo ekuthuthukisweni okubanzi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezitholwe ngaphansi kwe-FNTP, futhi ngale njongo wethula uxhaso lokuthengwa kwembewu ehambisanayo (isinxephezelo senani lama-70% wezindleko eziqondile).
UMnyango Wezolimo uthumele incwadi echazayo eminyangweni yesifunda yomnyango mayelana nohlobo olusha lokusekelwa kwabakhiqizi bezolimo, oluqukethe nohlu lwemibhalo edingekayo ukuze bathole isinxephezelo sezindleko (kuhlanganise nembewu esesivele isetshenziswe kule sizini. yokutshala isivuno sika-2020).
ISIZINI KA-2022
Ngokugxila ezindlekweni zamazambane emashalofini esitolo, abahlaziyi abaningi baphetha ngokuthi isithakazelo sabakhiqizi bezolimo kulesi sitshalo sizoba phezulu ngonyaka ozayo, futhi indawo yokutshala izokhula ngokuphawulekayo. Kodwa lokhu kungenye yezimo ezingenzeka zokuthuthukiswa kwemicimbi, futhi hhayi okungenzeka kakhulu.
Wonke umuntu osebenze ekutshalweni kwamazambane ezimbonini iminyaka eminingana ukhumbula kahle ukuthi, ngemuva kokushisa kuka-2010 ezweni ngo-2011-2012, indawo yalesi sitshalo yakhula yafika ezingeni lamahektha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400, futhi akekho noyedwa kubantu ababethanda. umphumela ngokwemibandela yamanani abahlanganyeli bemakethe.
Lokho kwehluleka kwenza abaningi bangakwazi ukusebenza “ngokungahleliwe”.
Ngonyaka odlule, sasinezimfuneko zokwandisa indawo yamazambane, kodwa empeleni, amabhizinisi amancane ayeka ukusebenza nezitshalo ngokuphelele, kanti aphakathi nendawo noma amakhulu agcina umthamo ofanayo noma awukhuphule kancane.
Esikhathini esisha, izici zokuphatha zizokwengezwa kuzo zonke izici ezikhuthaza ukukhula kokukhiqiza: umbuso unesithakazelo esikhulu ekwenzeni amazambane nemifino ye "borscht set" esigabeni semikhiqizo ebizayo. Izindikimba zesifunda ze-agro-industrial complex sezivele zisebenza
lesi siqondiso.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kusobala ukuthi akuzona zonke izinhlangano zezolimo ezinethuba lokumane zandise indawo yokulima: eziningi zakha uhlelo lokujikeleza kwezitshalo, zathenga isethi yezinto zokusebenza zenani elithile lomsebenzi, futhi zathuthukisa izinhlelo zokuthengisa. Ukunwetshwa kwanoma iyiphi
izikhombisi-ndlela zizodinga umzamo omkhulu kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali. Yiqiniso, inkathi yamanje ibe nenzuzo, kodwa izintengo zokusetshenziswa kwelandelayo azizange zihlale endaweni (ake sithathe, isibonelo, umanyolo wamaminerali: ezinye izinto ziphindwe kathathu ngentengo!).
Abalimi abaningi, bephawula ngezinhlelo zokutshala, balibeka ngembaba elokuthi bazohamba bayokwandisa indawo kuphela uma bebona lesi sinyathelo sizuzisa kakhulu emnothweni. Futhi lokhu "uma" kukwenza ungabaze ukuthi izindawo zizokhula kakhulu ngempela.