Izimo lapho umlimi asebenza ngaphansi kwazo namhlanje zigcwele izici zobungozi, eziningi zazo ezingenakutholakala kunoma yikuphi ukulawulwa: ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukushintshashintsha kwezindleko zemikhiqizo yezolimo, umthetho wezemvelo ohlobene namalungelo wokusebenzisa umhlaba namanzi, ukukhuphuka kwezindleko zokukhiqiza, njll. umswakama emasimini usanda kuba yinkinga ephuthumayo ezindaweni eziningi zaseRussia. Izitshalo ezingabekezeleli isomiso zisengozini enkulu. Isilimo esizayo sihlaselwa. Kungenzeka ukuthi uthathe izintambo zokulawula lezo zingozi futhi ungaxhomekeki emvelweni wemvelo uma kufakwa amasistimu okunisela ngenkasa emasimini.
Isizinda Esimlando
IValmont Industries ingumholi wembulunga yonke ezinhlelweni zokunisela ezolimo. Emhlabeni jikelele, inkampani isebenzisa abasebenzi abangaphezu kwe-10. Imikhiqizo enophawu lweValmont Valley yaziwa kabanzi emhlabeni wonke njengobuchwepheshe obuphakeme, obunokwethenjelwa futhi obunobuhlakani ekuniseleni. Lokhu kuhola kuqinisekiswa ukufakwa kwezinhlelo ezahlukene ze-Valley ezingaphezu kuka-000 emhlabeni wonke. IValmont yisanduleli sezinhlelo zokunisela ezikhulisa isivuno futhi zisebenzise izinsiza zamanzi ezinqabile ngokuhlakanipha.
I-1954. - ithole ilungelo lobunikazi lokukhiqiza amasistimu okunisela ngenkasa kusuka kuFrank Zybak.
1964-69gg. - isitshalo sokuqala sase-Valley sathengiswa phesheya, eFrance. I-Valley Manufacturing iqanjwe kabusha iValmont Industries, Inc. Indlela yokufaka idiphu eshisayo yethulwa, ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa kokulwa nokugqwala kwesikhathi eside.
1969-74gg. - ithuthukise u-gearbox wayo, amasondo enjoloba asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni.
I-1974-79. - uhlelo lokuchelela ekhoneni selwethulwe, oluvumela abalimi ukuthi bahlanganise indawo eyengeziwe emikhakheni yokulungiswa okuhlukahlukene. Uhlelo lokunisela selwenziwe ngamandla okuhambisa iyunithi lisuka kwenye insimu liye kwenye, kanye nohlelo lokunisela amasimu amancane.
I-1979-84. - Ukwethulwa kwamapaneli ane-remote control, ama-sprinkler asebenza ngokucindezela okuphansi athuthukiswa.
I-1986. - idale idivayisi yokuhlela okukude kokunisela usebenzisa ikhompyutha.
I-1989-94. - I-Valley Controls Pro Panel namaphaneli wokulawula we-Valley Controls Base Station akuvumela ukuthi ukwandise ukulawula izinhlelo ze-pivot, kufaka phakathi nokusebenzisa okukude okuvela ehhovisi.
I-1994-99. - uchungechunge lwe-8000th lwenziwa ekukhiqizweni, okubandakanya izikhala zobude obuhlukahlukene.
I-1999-2004. - Ukwethulwa komakhalekhukhwini kuvule amandla okuphatha ukufakwa kusuka kunoma yikuphi emhlabeni.
Cishe iminyaka engama-60, iValmont ibilokhu iklama futhi ikhiqiza izindlela ezisezingeni eliphakeme zokunisela futhi inesikhundla esiphambili emakethe, ingenisa izindlela eziphambili kakhulu nezisebenzayo zokunisela ezihlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zesimanje.
Izisetshenziswa zokunisela zasesigodini zingamelana nemithwalo yemisebenzi yansuku zonke ngenxa yezindlela ezinamandla kanye nemiklamo eqinile yasentwasahlobo yomklamo wayo. Izinhlelo zokunisela zingahamba ngezimo ezahlukahlukene zensimu futhi zinikeze ukunikezwa kwamanzi okunembile; zinokulawula okulula. Idizayini iqeda isikhathi sokuphumula. Okokusebenza kuhlinzekwa ngabathengisi abaqeqeshiwe kakhulu, okuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kahle kwezimali.
Ukufakwa kokunisela okungaphambili
Abafafazi be-Valley front (Umdwebo 1) banikeza ukumbozwa okuphezulu kwenkundla eyisikwele noma engunxande - kufika ku-98%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amayunithi afakwe ngaphambili e-Valley ayonga amanzi futhi anciphise ukugeleza ngokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi. Izifafazi ezifakwe ngaphambili esigodini zingamathuluzi okulima abalulekile: zingasetshenziswa ukufaka amakhemikhali kanye nomanyolo ngamanzi okunisela (Umfanekiso 2), ukuhluma kanye ne-leaching. I-Valley inikeza izindlela zokudlulisa ezinokwethenjelwa nezinhlelo zokulethwa kwamanzi, ukukhethwa okubanzi kwezikhala, amathayi, amaphampu, izilawuli nokuningi.
Izinhlelo zokunisela zangaphambi kokubekwa komfula zisebenzisa eziningi zezindawo ezifanayo ezisebenza ngokusebenza nezinhlangano ezisetshenziswayo ezinhlelweni zokunisela eziyisiyingi se-Valley. Ukulula kwabo, amandla nokuqina kwabo kuyaziwa.
Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nokufakwa kokunisela okuyisiyingi, ukufakwa kwendawo yezigodi kuya phambili nokubuyela emuva enkambeni. Okunye ukufakwa kwangaphambili kungagudlwa noma kudwetshwe, kuphindwe kabili indawo esetshenzisiwe (i-Fig. 3, 4).
Imishini yokunisela engaphambili yonga amanzi namandla ngezindleko zabasebenzi ezincane futhi ilungele izinkambu zamahektha angama-4 - 405 anethambeka elingafika kuma-6%.
Izimoto ezingaphambili zilawulwa ngosizo lwentambo ephakeme, umsele noma ikhebula lokungeniswa elingaphansi komhlaba, futhi futhi zinekhono lokujika zilingane neloli ngokunisela kwenkambu yangomakhelwane. Ukuhlinzekwa kwamanzi kwenziwa nge-hose noma kusuka esiteshini.
Izinhlelo zokunisela eziyindilinga
Zonke izinto zokwakheka zezihlanganisi eziyindilinga (Fig. 5, 6) Valley zenzelwe, zakhiwa futhi zahlolwa ngokususelwa kwimithwalo yangempela engathinta umshini ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngakho-ke zibonakaliswa ngokwanda kwesakhiwo, ukubekezelela imithwalo ephezulu kakhulu ngenxa yokungahambisani nensimu, imisele futhi enkulu ubude besikhala. Izikhala zesigodi zifinyelela ubude obungamamitha angama-30-66. Amapayipi namapayipi asekelayo anikezela ukwabiwa ngisho kwesisindo nemithwalo, ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabathini ongalingani, ngenxa yendawo ethize yamakhona.
Ukusekelwa kwe-Valley central veated kunikeza amandla nokuqina ngohlelo lwe-coupler. Kwendawo enentaba enamagquma, kukhona amanye amalunga we-swivel angezelelekayo. Ukuxhunyaniswa nge-brashi okuphoqelelwe nendandatho yomqoqi kunikeza amandla athembekile kumakhathuni wokuqothula. Ukusebenza ngamanzi anolaka, kuhlinzekwa okuhlukile kwamapayipi nozzle ngepayipi elingaphakathi elenziwe nge-polyethylene.
Ngo-1966, kwahlanganiswa okokuqala ngohlelo olushisayo lwamatshe okugcwala. Kungekudala kwaba yimboni yomkhakha.
Amasistimu wokunisela we-Pivot Towable
I-Valley Towable Pivot (Umdwebo 7) yakhiwe ngezinsimbi ezihola phambili ezimbonini kanye nezinhlelo zokulawula. Ukuzijwayeza ukuqinisekisile ukuthi lawa ngamayunithi okunisela okonga kakhulu atholakala emakethe namuhla. Usebenzisa iyunithi edonswayo, kungenzeka ukushintsha amaphethini okunisela ngokusabalalisa kabusha izindawo eziniselwa ngenkasa bese ngaleyo ndlela kunciphiswe izindleko zokuchelela ihektha elilodwa. I-Valley Towed Sprinklers yenza lula ukunisela ngokuguquguquka emkhakheni ngenkathi kusonga.
Umugqa we-Valley wama-pivots adonswayo ufaka izinketho ezine zokuma phakathi nendawo - amasondo ama-4 nge-tow eqondile, amasondo ama-4 anamasondo ajikelezayo, amasondo ama-2 noma ama-skid. Izinhlelo ezinokwethenjelwa, ezifakazelwa yinsimu ze-Valley Towed Irrigation Systems zenza kube lula futhi kungabizi kakhulu ukunisela amasimu kusuka kumahektha ama-2 kuye kwayi-121. Izinhlelo ze-Valley Towed Irrigation zingasuswa zisuke ensimini ziye ensimini ngaphansi kwehora!
Umthombo wamandla ungumkhiqizi kadizili ongaphandle noma ugesi.
Ama-Systems Irrigation Systems
Ukuqapha kwabasebenzi baseValmont kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ngo-1974 ukudala isifuyizi sokuqala sokuzunguza umhlaba ngehlombe elingabonakali (Fig. 8). Ngosizo lwehlombe elise-angular elilawulwayo, kungenzeka ukunisela izinkambu zanoma isiphi isimo ngokunemba okukhulu. Imishini yokunisela i-Angle inesikhala esingamamitha angama-62 (amamitha angama-87 nge-console).
Ukwethembeka kokuxhumeka kwehlombe le-angular kuqinisekiswa nge-wheelbase enwetshiwe, enikeza ukuqina okuhle emshinini lapho usebenza endaweni engalingani. Ngokunisela okunembile, ukushintshwa kwe-sprayer yangaphakathi nangaphandle kuyalawulwa.
Ukulandela isibonakaliso, ama-antenna wokuqondisa kanye nokubuyela emuva aqinisekisa ukunemba kwezinhlelo zokunisela zombili izinkomba.
Ihlombe le-angular liyaguqulwa ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lweCompu-Spray. Izinga le-angle eliguquguqukayo nokugeleza kwamanzi ngokuhambisana nengcindezi etholakalayo, kwandisa ukufana kokunisela.
Iphampu yokuphakela njalo ngokulinganayo isabalalisa amakhemikhali kanye nokufakwa komanyolo.
Amaphaneli okulawula okusebenzisa kalula anama-rocker switch avumela opharetha ukuthi bazimele, ngaphandle kokubiza insiza yezobuchwepheshe, buyisela umshini ngemuva kokumiswa okuphuthumayo.
Imishini emincane yensimu
Izifafaza ezincane zesigodi zilungele amapulazi amancane lapho insimu idinga ukunemba okuphezulu, kepha ingqalasizinda nosayizi wensimu kukhawulelwe ukufaka ukufakwa okukhulu. Isixazululo esifanele salesi simo ama-Valley Valley Field Machines. Azidingi inani elikhulu lesondlo futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisa.
Ngaphezu kwemishini kagesi, i-Valley njengamanje inikezela ukufakwa okulula ukusebenza ngezinjini ze-hydraulic noma i-petrol.
I-Spinner
Ukukhetha okuhle kwabatshali abasebenza namasimu amancane. ISpinner (Fig. 9) inganisela izindawo ukusuka kwelinye kuya kwemahektha amathathu futhi singasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kukagesi.
Lesi sifafaza esiyindilinga esingesikhathi sinye siqhutshwa umfutho wamanzi futhi singafakwa unaphakade noma siboshwe kusuka enkampanini kuya kwinkambu
Isipikha esisodwa sokufafaza ngenjini (Fig. 10)
NjengoSpinner, lo mshini ungenye indlela yezindawo ezinokufinyelela okulinganiselwe kugesi. Inikwa amandla yinjini ephehla amandla kaphethiloli, ingamiswa noma idonswe, idinga ingcindezi yamanzi ephansi futhi ilungele izinkambu zehektha elilodwa kuya kwamathathu.
I-Valley eRussia - inethiwekhi yomthengisi eqinile nokusekelwa kwamakhasimende okuthembekile
Izinhlelo zokunisela izigodi zisatshalaliswa eRussia ngenethiwekhi yabathengisi ebanzi. Ukusebenza neklayenti kuyinto yomuntu ngamunye futhi kufaka phakathi uchwepheshe (omele umthengisi) ohambela ipulazi, olinganisa imingcele yensimu ebheka ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kufakwe umshini wokunisela i-Valley, ukhetha isilinganiso esidingekayo sokuphuma kwamanzi ngosuku, inquma indawo yeziteshi zokupompa icabangele indawo ethathwa ngayo amanzi.
Ngemuva komsebenzi, imininingwane etholakele iyacutshungulwa futhi umsebenzi usuqaliswa ngokuhlelwa kwemishini, amapayipi neziteshi zokupompa endle. Isikimu senzelwe ukubheka ukuphakama komhlaba nezinye izinto eziningi.
Isiteshi sokupompa imishini yokufafaza sikhethwe ngokuya ngesilinganiso esilinganayo samanzi nengcindezi. Ukulahleka kwengcindezi epayipini kuncishiswa ngokukhetha ububanzi wamapayipi. Uhlelo lufaka ama-valve wokudonsa amanzi ebusika, hlola ama-valve ukuvikela isando samanzi ohlelweni kanye nohlelo lokukhipha umoya.
Umsebenzi wokuqamba ofanayo wezinqubo zokunisela nge-Valley wenziwa epulazini ngalinye mahhala. Ukuze uhlelo lokunisela lusebenze ngendlela ephumelelayo ngangokunokwenzeka, kuhlongozwa inketho ebiza kakhulu futhi engabizi kakhulu.